公开(公告)号：US5045501A

公开(公告)日：1991-09-03

申请号：US338480

申请日：1988-08-15

申请人： Jan Grinberg

发明人： Jan Grinberg

IPC分类号： H01L21/762 ,  H01L23/528 ,  H01L27/02 ,  H01L27/06

CPC分类号： H01L21/76248 ,  H01L23/5286 ,  H01L27/0214 ,  H01L27/0688 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y10S148/091 ,  Y10S148/092 ,  Y10S148/093

摘要： An integrated circuit structure and method of forming the same is described in which a plurality of common signal planes are provided for an integrated circuit formed on a layer of semiconductive material (30). The common planes consist of a single crystal semiconductive substrate (2) and at least one conductive layer (26, 66) between the substrate (2) and the semiconductive circuit layer (30), with insulative layers (24, 28, 68) separating the conductive layers (26, 66) from each other and from the substrate (2) and semiconductive layer (30). When one conductive layer (26) is used, a power supply signal (V+) is preferably applied to the substrate (2) and a ground reference to the conductive layer (26). Contacts are made between the integrated circuit and the desired common planes by metallized contacts (56, 60) formed in openings (54, 58) through the underlying material. Various circuit signals can also be introduced through additional conductive layers. In either case, only the top layer of semiconductive material (30) needs to be recrystallized from the substrate (2) into single crystal form, even if the conductive layers (26, 66) are provided as heavily doped semiconductive materials. The novel structure greatly reduces the surface area devoted to metallization, and practically eliminates cross-talk between components. It also enables a reduction of metallization levels from two to one, significantly increasing circuit yield.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种集成电路结构及其形成方法，其中为形成在半导体材料层（30）上的集成电路提供了多个公共信号面。 公共平面由衬底（2）和半导体电路层（30）之间的单晶半导体衬底（2）和至少一个导电层（26,66）组成，绝缘层（24,28,68）分离 所述导电层（26,66）彼此之间以及从所述基板（2）和所述半导体层（30）开始。 当使用一个导电层（26）时，优选地将电源信号（V +）施加到基板（2），并将导电参考电压施加到导电层（26）。 通过穿过下面的材料形成在开口（54,58）中的金属化接触（56,60），在集成电路和期望的公共平面之间形成触点。 各种电路信号也可以通过附加的导电层引入。 在任一种情况下，即使将导电层（26,66）设置为重掺杂的半导体材料，只有半导体材料（30）的顶层需要从衬底（2）再结晶成单晶形式。 新颖的结构大大降低了金属化的表面积，实际上消除了组件之间的串扰。 它还可以将金属化水平从2降低到1，显着提高电路产量。

公开(公告)号：US4974041A

公开(公告)日：1990-11-27

申请号：US232621

申请日：1988-08-15

申请人： Jan Grinberg

发明人： Jan Grinberg

IPC分类号： H01L21/762 ,  H01L23/528 ,  H01L27/02 ,  H01L27/06

CPC分类号： H01L27/0214 ,  H01L21/76248 ,  H01L23/5286 ,  H01L27/0688 ,  H01L2924/0002

摘要： An integrated circuit structure and method of forming the same is described in which a plurality of common signal planes are provided for an integrated circuit formed on a layer of semiconductive material (30). The common planes consist of a single crystal semiconductive substrate (2) and at least one conductive layer (26, 66) between the substrate (2) and the semiconductive circuit layer (30), with insulative layers (24, 28, 68) separating the conductive layers (26, 66) from each other and from the substrate (2) and semiconductive layer (30). When one conductive layer (26) is used, a power supply signal (V+) is preferably applied to the substrate (2) and a ground reference to the conductive layer (26). Contacts are made between the integrated circuit and the desired common planes by metallized contacts (56, 60) formed in openings (54, 58) through the underlying material. Various circuit signals can also be introduced through additional conductive layers. In either case, only the top layer of semiconductive material (30) needs to be recrystallized from the substrate (2) into single crystal form, even if the conductive layers (26, 66) are provided as heavily doped semiconductive materials. The novel structure greatly reduces the surface area devoted to metallization, and practically eliminates cross-talk between components. It also enables a reduction of metallization levels from two to one, significantly increasing circuit yield.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种集成电路结构及其形成方法，其中为形成在半导体材料层（30）上的集成电路提供了多个公共信号面。 公共平面由衬底（2）和半导体电路层（30）之间的单晶半导体衬底（2）和至少一个导电层（26,66）组成，绝缘层（24,28,68）分离 所述导电层（26,66）彼此之间以及从所述基板（2）和所述半导体层（30）开始。 当使用一个导电层（26）时，优选地将电源信号（V +）施加到基板（2），并将导电参考电压施加到导电层（26）。 通过穿过下面的材料形成在开口（54,58）中的金属化接触（56,60），在集成电路和期望的公共平面之间形成触点。 各种电路信号也可以通过附加的导电层引入。 在任一种情况下，即使将导电层（26,66）设置为重掺杂的半导体材料，只有半导体材料（30）的顶层需要从衬底（2）再结晶成单晶形式。 新颖的结构大大降低了金属化的表面积，实际上消除了组件之间的串扰。 它还可以将金属化水平从2降低到1，显着提高电路产量。

公开(公告)号：US4937539A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-26

申请号：US420661

申请日：1989-10-10

申请人： Jan Grinberg ,  Thomas R. O'Meara ,  Yuri Owechko ,  Melvin E. Pedinoff ,  Bernard H. Soffer

发明人： Jan Grinberg ,  Thomas R. O'Meara ,  Yuri Owechko ,  Melvin E. Pedinoff ,  Bernard H. Soffer

IPC分类号： G02F1/1343 ,  G02F1/1347 ,  G02F1/139 ,  G02F1/29

CPC分类号： G02B27/0087 ,  G02F1/292 ,  G02F1/134336 ,  G02F1/1347 ,  G02F1/1393 ,  G02F2203/01 ,  G02F2203/02 ,  G02F2203/24

摘要： An optical beam scanner incorporating an array of beam deflection elements commonly controlled to steer an optical beam impingent on the array is described. The beam steering elements are arranged in the array as individually controlled elements and the deflection of the beam is accomplished by setting the phase tilt and the phase offset of each element according to a calculation which removes modulo 2.pi. phase shift from the required position relative to a flat plane. Thus, the array elements can be thin and need only supply about 2 radians of phase shift. These elements may be incorporated in a planar array using beam deflection elements such as liquid crystal beam deflectors by choosing a drive scheme representing either a blazed array or a flat piston array. Operation may be designed for a large range of light wavelengths and the system may efficiently accommodate a combination of the blazed and flat piston techniques to obtain beam deflection characteristics otherwise unavailable by the exclusive use of each individual technique. By use of the liquid crystal phased array approach, rapid, high accuracy, large area beam deflection is possible without the necessity of any moving parts and with low power drive requirements. Phased arrays of the type described above may be arranged in successive parallel planes with a common beam axis to provide two-dimensional beam deflection.

公开(公告)号：US4764891A

公开(公告)日：1988-08-16

申请号：US120735

申请日：1987-11-12

申请人： Jan Grinberg ,  Graham R. Nudd ,  Bernard H. Soffer

发明人： Jan Grinberg ,  Graham R. Nudd ,  Bernard H. Soffer

IPC分类号： G06E3/00 ,  G06G9/00

CPC分类号： G06E3/005

摘要： Methods of performing complex optical computations, preferably using a programmable optical data processor having a plurality of spatial light modulators to impress data onto a data beam. Data can be applied to a subset of the modulators so as to impress a corresponding data image onto the beam; with uniform data applied to the remaining ones of the modulators so as to impress corresponding uniform data images onto the beam such that the computation performed is dependent on the data applied to the subset of the modulators. Any one of a number of performable optical computations can be programmably performed by providing data to selected subsets of the plurality of spatial modulators.

摘要翻译： 执行复杂光学计算的方法，优选地使用具有多个空间光调制器的可编程光学数据处理器来将数据压印到数据束上。 数据可以应用于调制器的子集，以便将相应的数据图像压印到光束上; 将均匀数据应用于其余的调制器，以便将相应的均匀数据图像压印到光束上，使得所执行的计算取决于应用于调制器的子集的数据。 可以通过向多个空间调制器的选定子集提供数据来可编程地执行多个可执行光学计算中的任何一个。

公开(公告)号：US4524428A

公开(公告)日：1985-06-18

申请号：US342639

申请日：1982-01-26

申请人： Jan Grinberg ,  Siegfried Hansen

发明人： Jan Grinberg ,  Siegfried Hansen

IPC分类号： G06F7/575 ,  G06F15/80 ,  G06F7/48

CPC分类号： G06F7/575 ,  G06F15/8023

摘要： A general circuit design for the various functional types of modules used in the Elemental Processors of a Modular Array Processor. These modules nominally include an input-programmable logic circuit and closely associated memory register. They also include a common means of transferring data to and from a data bus for communicating data to the other modules present within their respective Elemental Processors. The various functional types of modules are realized through the use of logic circuits of different specific designs. Each particular type of logic circuit is designed to implement all of the related logical and data manipulative operations necessary to provide a general data processing function, such as those of accumulator, memory, counter, and comparator. This allows the logic circuit to receive data from the data bus, perform a selected data manipulation operation consistent with the module's functional type on the data received in combination with data stored in the memory register and to store the resultant data in the memory register, and to transmit the stored resultant data back to the data bus.

摘要翻译： 用于模块化阵列处理器的元件处理器中使用的各种功能类型的模块的通用电路设计。 这些模块名义上包括输入可编程逻辑电路和密切相关的存储器寄存器。 它们还包括将数据传输到数据总线和从数据总线传送数据到其各自元件处理器中存在的其他模块的常用方法。 模块的各种功能类型通过使用不同特定设计的逻辑电路来实现。 每个特定类型的逻辑电路被设计成实现提供诸如累加器，存储器，计数器和比较器的一般数据处理功能所必需的所有相关逻辑和数据操作操作。 这允许逻辑电路从数据总线接收数据，对存储在存储器寄存器中的数据结合数据接收的数据执行与模块的功能类型一致的选择的数据操作操作，并将结果数据存储在存储器寄存器中，以及 将所存储的结果数据发送回数据总线。

公开(公告)号：US4466702A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-21

申请号：US249753

申请日：1981-04-01

申请人： Eliezer Wiener-Avnear ,  Jan Grinberg

发明人： Eliezer Wiener-Avnear ,  Jan Grinberg

IPC分类号： G02F1/13363 ,  G02F1/1347 ,  G02F1/139 ,  G02F1/133

CPC分类号： G02F1/13471 ,  G02F1/133636 ,  G02F1/1393 ,  G02F2203/01 ,  G02F2203/02

摘要： This invention is a light valve using birefringent nematic liquid crystals in which compensation for residual birefringence is achieved by passing light through two separate liquid crystal layers having their major optical axes aligned perpendicular to one another at the interface between the two liquid crystal layers.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种使用双折射向列型液晶的光阀，其中残留双折射的补偿是通过使光通过其两个独立的液晶层，其两个主要的光轴彼此垂直地排列在两个液晶层之间的界面处。

公开(公告)号：US4124278A

公开(公告)日：1978-11-07

申请号：US808941

申请日：1977-06-22

申请人： Jan Grinberg ,  Emanuel Marom

发明人： Jan Grinberg ,  Emanuel Marom

IPC分类号： G02F1/135 ,  G06E3/00 ,  G02F1/13

CPC分类号： G02F1/135 ,  G06E3/001

摘要： There is disclosed a system capable of subtracting in real time the intensities of two incoherently illuminated scenes and providing the sign of the subtracted information. The system utilizes two birefringent devices such as liquid crystal light valves, onto which the two images to be subtracted are projected. One valve is analyzed in between crossed polarizers, or equivalent, while the other one is in between parallel polarizers or equivalent. Both polarizer arrangements, for example, may be implemented with a polarizing beam splitter and a quarter wave plate. The common output image plane, onto which both images are superposed, displays an intensity proportional to the difference between the two inputs. This intensity "rides" on a constant background intensity thus displaying the difference signal as well as its polarity. The read-in and read-out beams could be coherent as well as incoherent, the latter being more desirable due to its speckle-free image. No other system is presently known which can perform incoherent subtraction. Experimental results obtained with incoherent illumination are given.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种能够实时减去两个非相干照明场景的强度并提供相减信息的符号的系统。 该系统利用两个双折射装置，例如液晶光阀，将要减去的两个图像投影到该双折射装置上。 在正交偏振器或等效物之间分析一个阀门，而另一个阀门位于平行偏振器或等效物之间。 例如，两个偏振器配置可以用偏振分束器和四分之一波片来实现。 两个图像叠加在其上的公共输出图像平面显示与两个输入之间的差成比例的强度。 该强度在恒定的背景强度上“骑”，从而显示差分信号及其极性。 读入和读出的光束可以是一致的和非相干的，后者由于其无斑点的图像而更加期望。 目前尚不知道可以执行非相干减法的其他系统。 给出了使用非相干照明获得的实验结果。

公开(公告)号：US4030997A

公开(公告)日：1977-06-21

申请号：US570304

申请日：1975-04-21

申请人： Leroy J. Miller ,  Jan Grinberg

发明人： Leroy J. Miller ,  Jan Grinberg

IPC分类号： G02F1/1337 ,  G02F1/16 ,  C23C15/00

CPC分类号： G02F1/133719 ,  Y10T428/1009

摘要： A method of aligning nematic liquid crystals with their directors in a tilted configuration is disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种将向列型液晶与它们的导向器倾斜配置的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4019807A

公开(公告)日：1977-04-26

申请号：US664776

申请日：1976-03-08

申请人： Donald D. Boswell ,  Jan Grinberg ,  Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Gary D. Myer

发明人： Donald D. Boswell ,  Jan Grinberg ,  Alexander D. Jacobson ,  Gary D. Myer

IPC分类号： G02F1/135 ,  G02F1/139 ,  G02F1/13

CPC分类号： G02F1/135 ,  G02F1/139

摘要： There is disclosed a high performance reflective mode liquid crystal light valve suitable for general image processing and projection and particularly suited for application to real-time coherent optical data processing. A preferred example of the device uses a CdS photoconductor, a CdTe light absorbing layer, a dielectric mirror, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between indium-tin-oxide transparent electrodes deposited on optical quality glass flats. The non-coherent light image is directed onto the photoconductor; this reduces the impedance of the photoconductor, thereby switching the AC voltage that is impressed across the electrodes onto the liquid crystal to activate the device. The liquid crystal is operated in a hybrid field effect mode. It utilizes the twisted nematic effect to create a dark off-state (voltage off the liquid crystal) and the optical birefringence effect to create the bright on-state. The liquid crystal thus modulates the polarization of the coherent read-out or projection light responsively to the non-coherent image. An analyzer is used to create an intensity modulated output beam.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种适用于一般图像处理和投影的高性能反射模式液晶光阀，特别适用于实时相干光数据处理。 器件的优选实例使用CdS光电导体，CdTe光吸收层，电介质镜和夹在沉积在光学优质玻璃平板上的铟锡氧化物透明电极之间的液晶层。 非相干光图像被引导到光电导体上; 这降低了光电导体的阻抗，从而将跨电极施加的交流电压切换到液晶上以启动该装置。 液晶以混合场效应模式运行。 它利用扭曲的向列效应产生暗的关闭状态（液晶的电压）和光学双折射效应以产生亮的导通状态。 因此，液晶响应于非相干图像调制相干读出或投影光的偏振。 分析仪用于产生强度调制输出光束。

公开(公告)号：US5764389A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-09

申请号：US756419

申请日：1996-11-26

申请人： Jan Grinberg ,  John E. Gunther

发明人： Jan Grinberg ,  John E. Gunther

IPC分类号： G02B5/20 ,  G02B27/10 ,  G02F1/13357 ,  G03H1/26 ,  G02B5/32 ,  G02B5/18 ,  G02F1/1335

CPC分类号： G02F1/133621 ,  G02B27/1086 ,  G02B5/203 ,  G03H1/26

摘要： A holographic optical filter separates broadband electromagnetic radiation into spectral components corresponding to different spectral regions and then images this radiation onto pixels of a display. It includes two layers of holographic optical elements that are sensitive to each of these spectral regions. The holographic optical elements generally transmit radiation outside of their bandpass but can diffract radiation falling within it. The filter is well suited for display applications and can be used in either a reflective or transmissive mode.

摘要翻译： 全息光学滤光器将宽带电磁辐射分离成对应于不同光谱区域的光谱分量，然后将该辐射图像显示在像素上。 它包括对这些光谱区域中的每一个敏感的两层全息光学元件。 全息光学元件通常在其带通外部透射辐射，但是可以衍射落在其内的辐射。 该滤波器非常适合显示应用，可用于反射或透射模式。