Abstract:
An alternative method for efficiently producing lactic acids from a carbohydrate-containing raw material such as cellulose is provided. The method for producing lactic acid and/or lactic acid ester comprises performing heat treatment on a carbohydrate-containing raw material in a solvent containing a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is at least one type of compound selected from the group consisting of a tin compound, an indium compound, and a rhenium compound, and the solvent contains water and/or alcohol.
Abstract:
Disclosed herewith is a terminal for receiving data distributed from a host computer. The terminal includes a database for storing data distributed from the host computer and a schedule manager for managing the schedule of the terminal. Upon receiving an update request for the data stored in the database, the terminal extracts a time band in which the usage frequency of the terminal is kept low as an updatable time through the schedule manager and sends an update request to the host computer in response to the received request. The terminal calculates a processing time required to update object data, as well as a value denoting the usefulness of the object data according to the update information received from the host computer and including the object data, then decides a processing order for the object data according to the processing time and the usefulness value calculated respectively for the object data, thereby updating the data stored in the database according to the decided processing order. Useful data is updated preferentially in the time band in which the usage frequency of the terminal is low.
Abstract:
A navigation apparatus comprises a route setting unit that sets a route, a route characteristic point setting unit that sets a plurality of route characteristic points to the route set by the route setting unit, a priority setting unit that sets priority to each of the route characteristic points set by the route characteristic point setting unit, a selecting unit that selects any of the route characteristic points based upon the priority set by the priority setting unit, and a display control unit that displays the route and the route characteristic point selected by the selecting unit on a display monitor.
Abstract:
Disclosed herewith is a terminal for receiving data distributed from a host computer. The terminal includes a database for storing data distributed from the host computer and a schedule manager for managing the schedule of the terminal. Upon receiving an update request for the data stored in the database, the terminal extracts a time band in which the usage frequency of the terminal is kept low as an updatable time through the schedule manager and sends an update request to the host computer in response to the received request. The terminal calculates a processing time required to update object data, as well as a value denoting the usefulness of the object data according to the update information received from the host computer and including the object data, then decides a processing order for the object data according to the processing time and the usefulness value calculated respectively for the object data, thereby updating the data stored in the database according to the decided processing order. Useful data is updated preferentially in the time band in which the usage frequency of the terminal is low.
Abstract:
In a communication type navigation system that downloads maps, the present invention provides a map data transmission method that can reduce time before guiding is started. A map provision server searches for a traveling route connecting a starting place corresponding to current position information received from an on-vehicle terminal and a destination corresponding to destination information. The server generates guidance information for guiding the vehicle along the searched traveling route and generates a route vicinity map along the traveling route. The server generates traveling route information comprising the searched traveling route and the guidance information, and plural map information blocks into which the route vicinity map containing map information is divided along the traveling route, assigns transmission priority levels to the map information blocks, and transmits the map information blocks according to the transmission priority levels after transmitting the traveling route information.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to facilitate change in the specifications of an interface of a memory IP and to improve reusability of the memory IP. A memory module to be mounted on a system LSI or the like is constructed by a basic array and an interface. The basic array is constructed by direct peripheral circuits and a storage circuit. Library data of the basic array is stored in a storage medium such as a CD-R or a magnetic tape and distributed to the user. The library data includes layout pattern data, a logic simulation model defining the operation of the basic array, LSI pattern information such as a layout, device information such as characteristics of a MOS device and layout rules, interface information such as various signal timings, and device specification data such as terminal information.
Abstract:
In a semiconductor integrated circuit device and a method of designing the same, design information about circuit cells each having a desired function are described as objects according to selected purposes. The pieces of design information are registered in a cell library as cell information capable of forming any of substrate potential fixed cells and substrate potential variable cells. Further, a data sheet common to the substrate potential fixed cell and the substrate potential variable cell is offered to a user, so that the user is able to make a selection according to the user's purposes. The substrate potential fixed cells and the substrate potential variable cells are mixed together on a semiconductor chip so as to be properly used according to the functions or the like of circuit portions in which the cells are used.
Abstract:
In a semiconductor integrated circuit device and a method of designing the same, design information about circuit cells each having a desired function are described as objects according to selected purposes. The pieces of design information are registered in a cell library as cell information capable of forming any of substrate potential fixed cells and substrate potential variable cells. Further, a data sheet common to the substrate potential fixed cell and the substrate potential variable cell is offered to a user, so that the user is able to make a selection according to the user's purposes. The substrate potential fixed cells and the substrate potential variable cells are mixed together on a semiconductor chip so as to be properly used according to the functions or the like of circuit portions in which the cells are used.
Abstract:
A plurality of rough three-dimensional structured data, each expressing a shape of an object in a polygon pillar, are displayed on a display unit; one rough three-dimensional structured data is selected from the plurality of rough three-dimensional structured data displayed on the display unit in accordance with a request given by an input device; a detailed three-dimensional structured data corresponding to the selected rough three-dimensional structured data is retrieved from a set of detailed three-dimensional structured data which are stored in a storage unit and each of which expresses a shape of an object in detail; and the selected rough three-dimensional structured data is replaced by the corresponding detailed three-dimensional structured data.
Abstract:
In a system for displaying map information, an object base storage unit stores an object base relating to relational objects, a map data base storage unit stores a map data base relating to figure elements of map data, and an attribute data base storage unit stores an attribute data base relating to attribute data related to the figure elements of the map data. In response to an input command, a head one of the relational objects is retrieved from the object base, and entity objects are desired from a head relational object by referring to the object base, so that each of the desired entity objects is processed. The map data retrieving section retrieves the map data from the map data base in response to the processing of each map data entity object of the derived entity objects, and the attribute data retrieving section retrieves the attribute data from the attribute data base in response to the execution of each of attribute data entity objects of the derived entity objects. The converting section converts the map data and attribute data into three-dimensional display data and the display data is three-dimensionally displayed on the display unit. In this case, predetermined height data for the attribute of each figure element of the map data is stored in a table in advance. The height data is obtained by referring to the table in accordance with the attribute data, and the map data is converted into three-dimensional map data based on the obtained height data.