公开(公告)号：US07103276B1

公开(公告)日：2006-09-05

申请号：US09745157

申请日：2000-12-20

申请人： Jeffrey A. Korn ,  Walid A. Atia

发明人： Jeffrey A. Korn ,  Walid A. Atia

IPC分类号： H04B10/08

CPC分类号： H04J14/0227 ,  H04B10/0795 ,  H04B10/07957 ,  H04J14/0246

摘要： A scanning optical monitoring system and method are appropriate for high speed scanning of a WDM signal band. The system and method are able to identify dropped channels or, more generally, discrepancies between the determined or detected channel inventory and a perpetual inventory for the WDM signal, which perpetual inventory specifies the channels that should be present in the WDM signal assuming proper operation of the network. The system includes a tunable optical filter that scans a pass band across a signal band of a WDM signal to generate a filtered signal. A photodetector then generates an electrical signal in response to this filtered signal. A decision circuit compares the electrical signal to a threshold and a controller, which is responsive to the decision circuit, inventories the channels in the WDM signal.

摘要翻译： 扫描光学监测系统和方法适用于WDM信号频带的高速扫描。 系统和方法能够识别丢失的信道，或者更一般地，识别出所确定的或检测到的信道库存与WDM信号的永久库存之间的差异，该永久库存指定在WDM信号中应存在的信道，假定正确操作 网络。 该系统包括可调谐滤光器，其扫描WDM信号的信号带上的通带以产生滤波信号。 然后光电检测器响应于该滤波信号产生电信号。 判定电路将电信号与阈值进行比较，并且响应于判定电路的控制器存储WDM信号中的信道。

公开(公告)号：US06543114B2

公开(公告)日：2003-04-08

申请号：US09802731

申请日：2001-03-08

申请人： Walid A. Atia ,  Steven D. Conover ,  Eric E. Fitch ,  Sean P. O'Connor ,  Randal A. Murdza

发明人： Walid A. Atia ,  Steven D. Conover ,  Eric E. Fitch ,  Sean P. O'Connor ,  Randal A. Murdza

IPC分类号： B23Q1700

CPC分类号： G02B6/4226 ,  G02B6/4232 ,  G02B6/4238 ,  H05K3/303 ,  H05K2201/2036 ,  H05K2203/0186 ,  Y02P70/613 ,  Y10T29/49144 ,  Y10T29/49769 ,  Y10T29/49771 ,  Y10T29/49778 ,  Y10T29/49861 ,  Y10T29/53174 ,  Y10T428/24917

摘要： A process for assembling micro-optical systems, such as optoelectronic and/or fiber optic components uses solder self-alignment to achieve a coarse, passive alignment of optical components relative to the optical bench. The fine, final alignment is performed using plastic deformation of the optical components to thereby improve the alignment of the optical components. As a result, the sub-micrometer alignment accuracies are attainable, if required.

公开(公告)号：US07929140B2

公开(公告)日：2011-04-19

申请号：US11419193

申请日：2006-05-18

申请人： James Zambuto ,  Walid A. Atia ,  Christopher C. Cook

发明人： James Zambuto ,  Walid A. Atia ,  Christopher C. Cook

IPC分类号： G01J3/44 ,  B01F15/00 ,  G01N21/01

CPC分类号： G01J3/108 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0286 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/4338

摘要： A process monitoring system determines a spectral response of a process material. This system has a tunable laser for generating an optical signal that is wavelength tuned over a scan band and an optical probe for conveying the optical signal to the process material and detecting the spectral response of the process material. The optical probe expands a beam of the optical signal to a diameter of greater than 10 millimeters. This avoids one of the difficulties with monitoring these process applications by ensuring that the spectroscopy measurements are accurate and repeatable. It is desirable to sample a relatively large area of the processed material since it can be heterogeneous. Additionally the large area mitigates spectral noise such as from speckle.

摘要翻译： 过程监控系统确定过程材料的光谱响应。 该系统具有用于产生在扫描带上波长调谐的光信号的可调谐激光器和用于将光信号传送到处理材料并检测处理材料的光谱响应的光学探针。 光学探头将光信号的光束扩展到大于10毫米的直径。 通过确保光谱测量是准确和可重复的，这避免了监控这些过程应用的困难之一。 由于可以是异质的，所以对于相对较大面积的处理材料进行采样是理想的。 此外，大面积减轻光谱噪声，如斑点。

公开(公告)号：US06721098B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-13

申请号：US09748625

申请日：2000-12-22

申请人： Walid A. Atia

发明人： Walid A. Atia

IPC分类号： G02B2700

CPC分类号： G02B26/02 ,  B81B7/02 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G02B26/001

摘要： A MOEMS Fabry-Perot tunable filter includes an optical membrane structure. Two electrostatic cavities are provided, one on either side of the membrane structure. As a result, electrostatic attractive forces can be exerted on the optical membrane to enable deflection in either direction, typically, along the optical axis. This is useful in calibrating the tunable filter during operation to an initial wavelength (&lgr;o) set point. It is also useful in controlling the membrane to avoid unstable operation.

摘要翻译： MOEMS法布里 - 珀罗可调滤波器包括光学膜结构。 提供两个静电空腔，一个在膜结构的两侧。 结果，静电吸引力可以施加在光学膜上，以使得能够沿着光轴在任一方向上偏转。 这在将可调滤波器在操作期间校准到初始波长（兰博）设定点是有用的。 它也可用于控制膜以避免不稳定的操作。

公开(公告)号：US06674065B2

公开(公告)日：2004-01-06

申请号：US09742180

申请日：2000-12-20

申请人： Walid A. Atia ,  Jeffrey A. Korn

发明人： Walid A. Atia ,  Jeffrey A. Korn

IPC分类号： G02B2600

CPC分类号： H04B10/07955 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G02B6/29358 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02B26/001 ,  G02B26/02 ,  H04B10/077

摘要： One problem that arises in the context of controlling tunable filters, and more specifically, Fabry-Perot tunable filters concerns the control algorithms for these MOEMS devices. An optical filter system comprises a tunable optical filter that scans a pass band across a signal band to generate a filtered signal. A filter tuning voltage generator generates a tuning voltage to the optical tunable filter. A photodetector generates an electrical signal in response to the filtered signal. Finally, a controller, that is responsive to the photodetector, triggers the filter tuning voltage generator. To increase the ease at which the results of a scan of the signal band of a WDM signal can be analyzed and improve spectral resolution, the change in the pass band of the tunable filter as a function of time is linearized in frequency or wavelength. This is achieved through the use of essentially an arbitrary waveform generator as the filter tuning voltage generator. The generator is programmed with an inverse of the filter's tuning characteristic.

摘要翻译： 在控制可调滤波器的情况下出现的一个问题，更具体地说，法布里 - 珀罗可调滤波器涉及这些MOEMS器件的控制算法。 光学滤波器系统包括可调谐滤光器，其在信号频带上扫描通带以产生滤波信号。 滤波器调谐电压发生器产生调谐电压到光可调滤波器。 光电检测器响应于滤波信号产生电信号。 最后，响应于光电检测器的控制器触发滤波器调谐电压发生器。 为了增加可以分析WDM信号的信号频带的扫描结果并提高频谱分辨率的容易程度，可调滤波器的通带频率随时间变化的变化在频率或波长上线性化。 这通过使用基本上任意的波形发生器作为滤波器调谐电压发生器来实现。 发生器的编程与滤波器的调谐特性相反。

公开(公告)号：US06628407B2

公开(公告)日：2003-09-30

申请号：US09747580

申请日：2000-12-22

申请人： Walid A. Atia ,  Randal A. Murdza

发明人： Walid A. Atia ,  Randal A. Murdza

IPC分类号： G01B1100

CPC分类号： G02B6/4246 ,  G02B6/29358 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02B6/4222

摘要： A process for tunable filter train alignment comprises detecting a spectral response of the filter train and aligning an optical fiber that transmits an input optical signal to the filter train during operation. Further, the tunable filter is moved relative to the filter train in response to a spectral response of the filter train. As a result, the alignment and spectral response of the tunable filter train are optimized. In the preferred embodiment, the alignment and SMSR optimization occur simultaneously with respect to each other.

公开(公告)号：US06492614B2

公开(公告)日：2002-12-10

申请号：US09769565

申请日：2001-01-25

申请人： Randal A. Murdza ,  Walid A. Atia

发明人： Randal A. Murdza ,  Walid A. Atia

IPC分类号： B23K2620

CPC分类号： G02B27/62 ,  G02B6/4224 ,  G02B6/4225 ,  G02B6/4226 ,  G02B6/4232 ,  G02B6/4236 ,  G02B6/4238 ,  G02B7/003

摘要： A magnetically-assisted fixturing process for optical components on a bench utilizes precision placement of an optical component on a bench. This placement can be done either entirely passively, actively, or using a combination of active and passive alignment. The optical component is then held on the bench using a magnetic field. Thus, the optical component is maintained in a stable relationship with respect to the bench, especially after it has been aligned. The optical component is then affixed to the bench, typically by a solder bonding process. Alternatively, other bonding processes can be used, such as epoxy bonding or laser welding. In one implementation, the magnetic fixturing is maintained during the process of affixing or bonding the optical component. Thus, in one example, the optical bench can be transported to a solder reflow oven while the optical component is held on the bench via the magnetic fixturing.

摘要翻译： 用于工作台上的光学部件的磁辅助夹具使用光学部件在台架上的精确放置。 该放置可以完全被动地，主动地或者使用主动和被动对准的组合完成。 然后使用磁场将光学部件保持在工作台上。 因此，光学部件相对于工作台保持稳定的关系，特别是在对准之后。 然后通常通过焊接工艺将光学部件固定在工作台上。 或者，可以使用其它粘合工艺，例如环氧树脂粘合或激光焊接。 在一个实施方案中，在固定或粘合光学部件的过程中，保持磁性固定。 因此，在一个示例中，光学台可以被传送到焊料回流炉，同时光学部件通过磁性固定保持在工作台上。

公开(公告)号：US06808276B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-26

申请号：US09851510

申请日：2001-05-08

申请人： Walid A. Atia ,  Minh Van Le

发明人： Walid A. Atia ,  Minh Van Le

IPC分类号： G02B7182

CPC分类号： G02B6/29358 ,  G02B6/12007 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02B6/3516 ,  G02B6/3518 ,  G02B26/001 ,  G02B26/02 ,  G02B2006/12104 ,  G02B2006/12109

摘要： In a MOEMS device and corresponding fabrication process, absorbing material along the optical axis of the device is removed. The result is a suspended optical coating, such as a dielectric thin film mirror stack. Such optical coatings can have very low absorption. Thus, the invention can materially lower the net absorption in the device, and thereby improve performance, by degrading power related dependencies.

摘要翻译： 在MOEMS装置和相应的制造工艺中，沿着装置的光轴吸收材料被去除。 结果是悬浮的光学涂层，例如电介质薄膜反射镜叠层。 这种光学涂层可以具有非常低的吸收。 因此，通过降低与电力相关的依赖性，本发明可以实质上降低装置中的净吸收，从而提高性能。

公开(公告)号：US07181097B2

公开(公告)日：2007-02-20

申请号：US10097187

申请日：2002-03-13

申请人： David O. Caplan ,  Walid A. Atia

发明人： David O. Caplan ,  Walid A. Atia

IPC分类号： G02B6/12

CPC分类号： H04B10/25137 ,  H04B10/505 ,  H04B10/5051 ,  H04B10/508

摘要： A system includes an optical transmitter that outputs an optical signal having a substantially Gaussian waveform and an optical receiver that is optically coupled to the optical transmitter and has an impulse response essentially matching the waveform. The impulse response and waveform preferably match in the time domain. The transmitter and receiver may be average-power-limited, using, for example, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier. To achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio, the waveform may be designed to minimize jitter, sample duration, matching parasitics, and inter-symbol interference (ISI). Such a waveform may be a return-to-zero (RZ) Gaussian or Gaussian-like waveform and may be transmitted in a variety of modulation formats. Further, the system may be used in WDM or TDM systems. A method for characterizing the time domain impulse response of an optical element used in the optical receiver is provided, where the method is optionally optimized using deconvolution and/or cross-correlation techniques.

摘要翻译： 一种系统包括：光发射机，其输出具有基本高斯波形的光信号和光接收器，光接收器光学耦合到光发射机并具有基本上与波形匹配的脉冲响应。 脉冲响应和波形优选在时域中匹配。 发射机和接收机可以是平均功率限制的，例如使用掺铒光纤放大器。 为了实现高信噪比，可以设计波形以最小化抖动，采样持续时间，匹配寄生效应和符号间干扰（ISI）。 这样的波形可以是归零（RZ）高斯或类似高斯波形的波形，并且可以以各种调制格式发送。 此外，该系统可以在WDM或TDM系统中使用。 提供了一种用于表征在光接收机中使用的光学元件的时域脉冲响应的方法，其中该方法可选地使用去卷积和/或互相关技术优化。

公开(公告)号：US06806967B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-19

申请号：US10440838

申请日：2003-05-16

申请人： Walid A. Atia ,  Randal A. Murdza

发明人： Walid A. Atia ,  Randal A. Murdza

IPC分类号： G01B1100

CPC分类号： G02B6/4246 ,  G02B6/29358 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02B6/4222

摘要： A process for tunable filter train alignment comprises detecting a spectral response of the filter train and aligning an optical fiber that transmits an input optical signal to the filter train during operation. Further, the tunable filter is moved relative to the filter train in response to a spectral response of the filter train. As a result, the alignment and spectral response of the tunable filter train are optimized. In the preferred embodiment, the alignment and SMSR optimization occur simultaneously with respect to each other.

摘要翻译： 可调谐过滤器排列的过程包括检测过滤器系列的光谱响应并使在操作期间将输入光信号传输到过滤器列的光纤对准。 此外，响应于过滤器列的频谱响应，可调谐滤波器相对于滤波器序列移动。 结果，优化了可调滤波器串的对准和光谱响应。 在优选实施例中，对齐和SMSR优化相对于彼此同时发生。