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31.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06426456B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-30
申请号：US10012273
申请日：2001-10-26
申请人： Jean Khawand , Radu Frangopol
发明人： Jean Khawand , Radu Frangopol
IPC分类号： G10H1057
CPC分类号： G10H1/12 , G10H2230/305 , G10H2250/121 , G10H2250/475 , Y10S84/09 , Y10S84/12
摘要： A percussive sound contains both harmonic and non-harmonic frequency spectral content. To reproduce a particular percussive sound, such as the sound of a drum or cymbal or hand clap, for example, the harmonic and non-harmonic content are determined empirically. Also, and tendency of the harmonic content to change over time, and the temporal aspects of attack, sustain, and decay are likewise determined empirically. These attributes are represented in the invention in a percussive sound file which includes a harmonic content profile (502), noise shape filter (504), Doppler shift profile (506), and a time wave shaping profile (508). The harmonic content profile is used by an FM generator (114) to generate a frequency modulated signal (116). The noise shape profile is used by a noise generator (134) to generate and shape the non-harmonic spectral content. While the sound is being generated, the Doppler shift profile is used to adjust the base frequency of the FM signal. The harmonic and non-harmonic signals are scaled (142, 144) and summed (146). The summed signal is then shaped (150) in time to substantially simulate the attack, sustain, and decay properties of the sound. The shaped, summed signal is then played by an audio circuit and converted to an acoustic signal.
摘要翻译： 冲击声包含谐波和非谐波频谱内容。 为了再现特定的打击乐音，例如鼓或钹或手拍的声音，例如，经验地确定谐波和非谐波含量。 此外，谐波含量随时间变化的趋势，以及攻击，维持和衰减的时间方面同样由经验确定。 这些属性在本发明中在包括谐波内容轮廓（502），噪声形状滤波器（504），多普勒频移分布（506）和时间波形整形轮廓（508）的冲击声音文件中表示。 谐波含量分布由FM发生器（114）使用以产生调频信号（116）。 噪声形状轮廓由噪声发生器（134）使用以产生和形成非谐波频谱内容。 在产生声音的同时，多普勒频移分布用于调整FM信号的基频。 谐波和非谐波信号被缩放（142,144）并求和（146）。 然后将加和的信号及时成形（150），以基本上模拟声音的攻击，维持和衰减特性。 然后由音频电路播放形状的求和信号，并转换成声信号。
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32.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5157215A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-20
申请号：US583966
申请日：1990-09-14
申请人： Tetsuichi Nakae , Takashi Matsuda
发明人： Tetsuichi Nakae , Takashi Matsuda
摘要： An electrical musical instrument includes a scale designator for sequentially and automatically designating a scale on the basis of prestored data of a music piece, and a musical tone signal generator for outputting a musical tone signal including a harmonic frequency on the basis of the scale designated by said scale designator or as a fundamental frequency. A voice detector detects an external voice and the detected voice is divided by a modulator into voice signals in a plurality of frequency ranges. The musical tone signal is modulated in units of corresponding frequency ranges on the basis of the voice signals divided into the plurality of frequency ranges.
摘要翻译： 一种电气乐器，包括：一个比例指示器，用于根据音乐片段的预先存储的数据顺序和自动地指定刻度;以及乐音信号发生器，用于根据由音乐片段指定的刻度输出包括谐波频率的音调信号 规模指示器或基本频率。 语音检测器检测外部语音，并且将检测到的语音由调制器分割成多个频率范围内的语音信号。 基于分成多个频率范围的语音信号，以对应的频率范围为单位调制乐音信号。
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公开(公告)号：US5111530A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-05
申请号：US428842
申请日：1989-10-30
CPC分类号： G10H1/02 , G10H1/0091 , G10H7/00 , G10H2210/205 , G10H2210/281 , G10H2250/475
摘要： A digital audio signal generating apparatus suitable for the application to electronic musical instruments, sound effect generators for amusement machines and the like. This digital audio signal generating apparatus has a signal processing section and a memory used to perform a speech synthesis, wherein the signal processing section utilizes a vacant area of the memory to perform a delay processing to add a reverberation sound. Thus, the number of required memories can be reduced and the arrangement of the apparatus can be simplified.
摘要翻译： 适用于电子乐器的应用的数字音频信号发生装置，娱乐机的音效发生器等。 该数字音频信号发生装置具有用于执行语音合成的信号处理部分和存储器，其中信号处理部分利用存储器的空闲区域执行延迟处理以增加混响声音。 因此，可以减少所需存储器的数量，并且可以简化装置的布置。
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公开(公告)号：US4365533A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-28
申请号：US695042
申请日：1976-06-11
申请人： Melville Clark, Jr. , David A. Luce
发明人： Melville Clark, Jr. , David A. Luce
CPC分类号： G10H1/188 , G10H1/057 , G10H1/34 , G10H2210/211 , G10H2210/401 , G10H2210/411 , G10H2230/175 , G10H2230/181 , G10H2230/185 , G10H2230/191 , G10H2230/195 , G10H2230/225 , G10H2250/475
摘要： A new, performer played, real time, multitonal, multitimbral musical instrument consists of speed and force sensitive keys in which time domain multiplexing is used to find and associate one and only one tone generator, not otherwise busy, with any key that is depressed. The sound generator disclosed can provide very realistic simulations of the flute, oboe, trumpet, French horn, trombone through the provision of various types of modulations in amplitude and frequency of the various partials, as is characteristic of each instrument simulated, and filtered noise. Glissandi are provided from one note to another and are controlled from the pair of keys involved by the relative pressure with which they are depressed. For the nonpercussive tonalities, the speed with which a key is depressed, which is determined by differentiating the force, may be used to cause the attack transient to behave in a manner very characteristic of the instrument being simulated. The force with which a key is depressed is determined from the rate of rise of the potential across a capacitive keying system excited through a resistor. Percussive sound generators are provided also; the intensity of the note generated by these generators is determined by the speed with which the associated key is depressed. The force with which the associated key is depressed can be used to determine the rate of automatic repetition of the note. The speed with which a key is depressed can also be used for nonpercussive instruments to alter the character of the attack transient.
摘要翻译： 一个新的，表演者演奏的，实时的，多人的，多音乐的乐器包括速度和力敏感键，其中时域复用用于发现和关联一个和唯一一个音调发生器，而不是其他的忙碌与任何按下的键。 公开的声发生器可以通过提供各种偏差的幅度和频率的各种类型的调制来提供对长笛，双簧管，喇叭，法国号，长号的非常逼真的模拟，如模拟的每个乐器的特征和滤波的噪声。 Glissandi从一个音符提供给另一个音符，并且由相关压力所涉及的一对键控制，并且它们被压下。 对于非敲击性色调，可以使用通过区分力来确定键被按压的速度，以使得攻击瞬态以正在被模拟的仪器的非常特征的方式表现。 键被按下的力由电阻通过电阻激励的电容键控系统的电位上升率确定。 还提供冲击声发生器; 这些发生器产生的音符的强度由相关键被按下的速度决定。 关联键被按下的力可用于确定音符的自动重复速率。 按键的速度也可以用于非打击乐器来改变攻击瞬态的特征。
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公开(公告)号：US4056996A
公开(公告)日：1977-11-08
申请号：US589559
申请日：1975-06-23
申请人： David A. Bunger
发明人： David A. Bunger
CPC分类号： G10H1/043 , G10H1/057 , G10H2210/211 , G10H2250/475 , Y10S84/02 , Y10S84/09 , Y10S84/20
摘要： A monophonic system includes means for voicing only tones derived in response to depression of a key associated with the highest pitched note when several keys are struck at approximately the same time, regardless of the order in which the keys are struck. If several keys are released at approximately the same time, only the tones derived in response to the highest remaining activated key are voiced, regardless of the release sequence. In response to the system being played legatissimo, voiced tones gradually shift in frequency, i.e., portamento is achieved. In response to the system being played staccatissimo, voiced tones shift in frequency in discrete steps. For unusual or special effect tone simulation, square wave tone signals derived from a frequency divider chain responsive to a voltage controlled oscillator, controlled primarily by the nomenclature of the highest pitch struck key, may be converted into a sawtooth waveform, a pulse waveform having a pulse width controlled by the highest pitch struck key, or can be left unaltered. Clicks and noise can be derived in response to key activations. The sawtooth, pulse, square wave, clicks and noise are fed through a filter selectively having band pass, low pass and high pass transfer characteristics that can be controlled with regard to resonant frequency and selectivity (Q) to provide additional unusual effects. A first group of tone signals derived from the frequency divider is processed to simulate flutes while a second group is processed to simulate brasses. In flute simulation, filtering of harmonics and passage to an output of the fundamental of the tone associated with the highest pitch struck key is assured by including in cascade a low pass filter and an amplifier having a variable gain characteristic directly related to the nomenclature of the highest pitch struck key. In brass simulation, an attack envelope having plural slopes is provided. Brass brightness is controlled by providing a variable wave shaper that responds to pedal control or is a transient function during the attack of the voice. Flatting during the attack of a brass tone is simulated by transiently reducing the voltage controlled oscillator frequency when a new highest pitch key is struck by an amount indicative of the nomenclature of the struck key. Attack rates of the flutes and unusual tones can be controlled to a plurality of values; if the system is in a percussive mode the attack rate is relatively fast. Roll-off rate of certain flute tones is fixed, while other flute tones and the unusual tones can be provided with a fixed roll-off or sustain effect. The voltage controlled oscillator frequency is modulated by a vibrato oscillator frequency, the frequency of which can be fixed or controlled in a random manner in response to a noise source to simulate brass vibrato effects.
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36.发明授权Monophonic electronic music system with apparatus for special effect tone simulation 失效具有特殊效果音模拟的单声道电子音乐系统
公开(公告)号：US3801721A
公开(公告)日：1974-04-02
申请号：US3801721D
申请日：1972-06-16
申请人： BALDWIN CO D H
发明人： BUNGER D
摘要： A monophonic system includes means for voicing only tones derived in response to depression of a key associated with the highest pitched note when several keys are struck at approximately the same time, regardless of the order in which the keys are struck. If several keys are released at approximately the same time, only the tones derived in response to the highest remaining activated key are voiced, regardless of the release sequence. In response to the system being played legatissimo, voiced tones gradually shift in frequency, i.e., portamento is achieved. In response to the system being played staccatissimo, voiced tones shift in frequency in discrete steps. For unusual or special effect tone simulation, square wave tone signals derived from a frequency divider chain responsive to a voltage controlled oscillator, controlled primarily by the nomenclature of the highest pitch struck key, may be converted into a sawtooth waveform, a pulse waveform having a pulse width controlled by the highest pitch struck key, or can be left unaltered. Clicks and noise can be derived in response to key activations. The sawtooth, pulse, square wave, clicks and noise are fed through a filter selectively having band pass, low pass and high pass transfer characteristics that can be controlled with regard to resonant frequency and selectivity (Q) to provide additional unusual effects. A first group of tone signals derived from the frequency divider is processed to simulate flutes while a second group is processed to simulate brasses. In flute simulation, filtering of harmonics and passage to an output of the fundamental of the tone associated with the highest pitch struck key is assured by including in cascade a low pass filter and an amplifier having a variable gain characteristic directly related to the nomenclature of the highest pitch struck key. In brass simulation, an attack envelope having plural slopes is provided. Brass brightness is controlled by providing a variable wave shaper that responds to pedal control or is a transient function during the attack of the voice. Flatting during the attack of a brass tone is simulated by transiently reducing the voltage controlled oscillator frequency when a new highest pitch key is struck by an amount indicative of the nomenclature of the struck key. Attack rates of the flutes and unusual tones can be controlled to a plurality of values; if the system is in a percussive mode the attack rate is relatively fast. Roll-off rate of certain flute tones is fixed, while other flute tones and the unusual tones can be provided with a fixed roll-off or sustain effect. The voltage controlled oscillator frequency is modulated by a vibrato through frequency is modulated by a oscillator, the frequency of which can be fixed or controlled in a random manner in response to a noise source to simulate brass vibrato effects.
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公开(公告)号：US3358069A
公开(公告)日：1967-12-12
申请号：US58050466
申请日：1966-09-19
申请人： WURLITZER CO
发明人： HEARNE JOSEPH H
IPC分类号： G10H1/42
CPC分类号： G10H1/42 , G10H2230/265 , G10H2230/321 , G10H2250/475 , Y10S84/12
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