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公开(公告)号：US07835875B2
公开(公告)日：2010-11-16
申请号：US12412462
申请日：2009-03-27
申请人： Ion C. Halalay , Eric W. Schneider
发明人： Ion C. Halalay , Eric W. Schneider
IPC分类号： G01F17/00
CPC分类号： F01M11/10 , F01M2011/14 , F01M2011/1413 , G01N33/2888
摘要： Electrical measures of resistivity and permittivity of engine lubricating oil are gathered continuously under normal vehicle engine operating conditions and combined into a composite parameter, the aggregated electrical measure, which, is indicative of engine oil condition and when plotted over the useful life of the oil displays a first linear slope anticipatory of the end of oil life followed by a second, steeper slope indicative of the end of oil life. An algorithm, implementable in an on-vehicle computer, to reliably detect these features is described.
摘要翻译： 发动机润滑油的电阻率和介电常数的电气措施在正常车辆发动机运行条件下连续收集，并组合成复合参数，聚合电测量，其表示发动机油状况，并且在油显示器的使用寿命时绘制 预期石油生命终止的第一个线性斜坡，其次是表明石油生命终止的第二个更陡峭的坡度。 描述了可在车载计算机上实现的可靠地检测这些特征的算法。
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公开(公告)号：US07749468B2
公开(公告)日：2010-07-06
申请号：US11739149
申请日：2007-04-24
申请人： Ion C. Halalay
发明人： Ion C. Halalay
CPC分类号： B01J19/008 , B01J2219/00069 , B01J2219/00094 , B01J2219/00101 , B01J2219/00108
摘要： An apparatus is provided for carrying out a cavitation induced reaction comprising a reaction chamber for a liquid reaction medium, means for producing cavitation in the liquid reaction medium, at least one reactant inlet to the reaction chamber, an inert gas inlet conduit with a sparger for injecting a flowing stream of dry inert gas into the reaction chamber, a venting outlet for removal of a stream of the inert gas from the reaction chamber, and a recirculation conduit for re-circulating a stream of the inert gas from the venting outlet to the inert gas inlet conduit.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于进行空化诱导反应的装置，其包括用于液体反应介质的反应室，用于在液体反应介质中产生空化的装置，至少一个反应室的反应物入口，具有喷雾器的惰性气体入口导管， 将干燥惰性气体的流动流注入反应室，用于从反应室除去惰性气体流的排气口和用于将惰性气体流从排气出口再循环到再循环管道的再循环管道 惰性气体入口导管。
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公开(公告)号：US20080241699A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-02
申请号：US11692399
申请日：2007-03-28
申请人： Ion C. Halalay
发明人： Ion C. Halalay
IPC分类号： H01M6/16
CPC分类号： H01M10/0569 , H01M10/052 , H01M10/0567 , H01M10/0568 , H01M10/4235
摘要： A rechargeable lithium-ion battery includes an anode, a cathode and an electrolyte containing one or more dispersed lithium salts. The electrolyte is composed of one or more solvent materials. A principal solvent constituent compound is at least one of γ-valerolactone, methyl isobutyryl acetate, 2-methoxyethyl acetate, 2-ethoxyethyl acetate, and diethyl oxalate.
摘要翻译： 可充电锂离子电池包括阳极，阴极和含有一种或多种分散的锂盐的电解质。 电解质由一种或多种溶剂材料组成。 主要的溶剂构成化合物是γ-戊内酯，乙酸异丁酰酯，乙酸2-甲氧基乙酯，乙酸2-乙氧基乙酯和草酸二乙酯中的至少一种。
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公开(公告)号：US09786941B2
公开(公告)日：2017-10-10
申请号：US13611694
申请日：2012-09-12
IPC分类号： H01M8/10 , C08J5/22 , H01M8/1004 , H01M8/1044 , H01M8/1023 , H01M8/1039 , H01M8/1081
CPC分类号： H01M8/1004 , C08J5/2218 , C08J2371/12 , H01M8/1023 , H01M8/1039 , H01M8/1044 , H01M8/1081 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A membrane electrode assembly for fuel cells includes a proton conducting membrane having a first side and a second side. The proton conducting membrane in turn includes a first polymer including cyclic polyether groups and a second polymer having sulfonic acid groups. The membrane electrode assembly further includes an anode disposed over the first side of the proton conducting layer and a cathode catalyst layer disposed over the second side of the proton conducting layer.
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公开(公告)号：US08785054B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-22
申请号：US12642313
申请日：2009-12-18
CPC分类号： H01M4/628 , H01M2/162 , H01M2/1653 , H01M4/622 , H01M10/0525 , H01M2220/30 , H01M2300/0025 , Y02E60/122 , Y02P70/54 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： In a lithium ion battery, one or more chelating agents may be attached to a microporous polymer separator for placement between a negative electrode and a positive electrode or to a polymer binder material used to construct the negative electrode, the positive electrode, or both. The chelating agents may comprise, for example, at least one of a crown ether, a podand, a lariat ether, a calixarene, a calixcrown, or mixtures thereof. The chelating agents can help improve the useful life of the lithium ion battery by complexing with unwanted metal cations that may become present in the battery's electrolyte solution while, at the same time, not significantly interfering with the movement of lithium ions between the negative and positive electrodes.
摘要翻译： 在锂离子电池中，可以将一种或多种螯合剂连接到微孔聚合物隔板上以放置在负极和正极之间，或者连接到用于构造负极，正极或两者的聚合物粘合剂材料。 螯合剂可以包括例如冠醚，podand，laric ether，杯芳烃，杯形糖或其混合物中的至少一种。 螯合剂可以通过与可能存在于电池电解质溶液中的不需要的金属阳离子络合而有助于提高锂离子电池的使用寿命，同时不会显着干扰负离子和正极之间的锂离子的运动 电极。
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公开(公告)号：US20140068927A1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-13
申请号：US13611709
申请日：2012-09-12
CPC分类号： H01M8/1079 , C08K3/16 , H01M2/145 , H01M8/1081 , Y02P70/56 , Y10T29/49108 , Y10T29/49826
摘要： A method for forming a membrane includes a step of dissolving a lithium salt in a solution including an ionomer that includes protogenic groups to form a modified solution. A membrane is formed from the solution containing the lithium salt and the ionomer that includes protogenic groups. The membrane is dried and then contacted with water to form a plurality of pores therein.
摘要翻译： 形成膜的方法包括将锂盐溶解在包括包含原基团的离聚物的溶液中以形成改性溶液的步骤。 由含有锂盐和包含原始基团的离聚物形成的溶液形成膜。 将膜干燥，然后与水接触以在其中形成多个孔。
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公开(公告)号：US08470468B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-25
申请号：US12704694
申请日：2010-02-12
IPC分类号： H01M2/16
CPC分类号： H01M10/052 , H01M2/16 , H01M2/1646 , H01M2/1653 , H01M2/166 , H01M2/1686 , H01M10/0565 , Y02T10/7011
摘要： A porous polymer sheet or membrane is provided with a thin coating of an electrically non-conductive ceramic composition and the coating conforms to all surfaces, including the pore surfaces, of the membrane. Such a coated membrane serves well, for example, as an intra-cell separator in a lithium ion battery. The coating increases the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the separator in battery operation and retains electrolyte. The coating may be formed by a two-step vapor-phase process in which atoms of one or more metals such as aluminum, calcium, magnesium, titanium, silicon and/or zirconium are deposited in a conformal layer on a workpiece surface. The metal atoms may then be reacted with ammonia, carbon dioxide, and or water to form their respective non-conductive nitrides, carbides, and/or oxides on the surface. The two-step process is repeated as necessary to obtain a ceramic material coating of desired thickness.
摘要翻译： 多孔聚合物片或膜设置有非导电陶瓷组合物的薄涂层，并且涂层符合膜的所有表面，包括孔表面。 这样的涂布膜例如作为锂离子电池中的细胞内分离器良好地起作用。 涂层在电池操作中增加了隔膜的机械性能和热稳定性，并保持了电解液。 涂层可以通过两步气相法形成，其中一种或多种金属如铝，钙，镁，钛，硅和/或锆的原子沉积在工件表面上的共形层中。 然后可以将金属原子与氨，二氧化碳和/或水反应，以在表面上形成它们各自的非导电氮化物，碳化物和/或氧化物。 根据需要重复两步法以获得所需厚度的陶瓷材料涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US20130099159A1
公开(公告)日：2013-04-25
申请号：US13280783
申请日：2011-10-25
申请人： Ion C. Halalay , Michael P. Balogh
发明人： Ion C. Halalay , Michael P. Balogh
CPC分类号： H01M4/134 , B82Y30/00 , H01M4/364 , H01M4/38 , H01M4/386 , H01M4/387 , H01M4/587 , H01M10/052
摘要： One embodiment may include a method of making nanoparticles comprising elemental metals or metalloids and/or alloys thereof. The method may include reducing a metal halide or a metalloid halide with an alkali metal to produce a reaction product comprising particles of the desired metal or metalloid and a halide salt. One embodiment may include introducing reactants to each other in the presence of a non-reactive solvent and/or inducing cavitation in the reactants and/or the non-reactive solvent when present. Certain metals or metalloids such as tin, aluminum, silicon, antimony, indium or bismuth may be useful in electrochemical cells such as lithium-ion cells when produced by these illustrative methods. One embodiment of a battery electrode may include nanoparticles that may be produced by these or other methods.
摘要翻译： 一个实施方案可以包括制备包含元素金属或准金属和/或其合金的纳米颗粒的方法。 该方法可以包括用碱金属还原金属卤化物或准金属卤化物以产生包含所需金属或准金属的颗粒和卤化物盐的反应产物。 一个实施方案可以包括在存在非反应性溶剂的情况下将反应物彼此引入和/或当存在时在反应物和/或非反应性溶剂中引起空化。 某些金属或准金属如锡，铝，硅，锑，铟或铋可以用于电化学电池如锂离子电池，当通过这些说明性方法制备时。 电池电极的一个实施例可以包括可以通过这些或其它方法产生的纳米颗粒。
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公开(公告)号：US20120082893A1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-05
申请号：US13247011
申请日：2011-09-28
申请人： Ion C. Halalay , Timothy J. Fuller , Lijun Zou
发明人： Ion C. Halalay , Timothy J. Fuller , Lijun Zou
CPC分类号： H01M10/0525 , H01M2/1613 , H01M2/162 , H01M4/621 , H01M4/622 , Y02E60/122 , Y10T29/49108
摘要： One embodiment may include a lithium ion battery, wherein one or more chelating agents may be attached to a battery component
摘要翻译： 一个实施方案可以包括锂离子电池，其中一种或多种螯合剂可以连接到电池组分
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公开(公告)号：US08101152B1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-24
申请号：US12858690
申请日：2010-08-18
申请人： Ion C. Halalay , Michael P. Balogh
发明人： Ion C. Halalay , Michael P. Balogh
IPC分类号： C01G23/047
CPC分类号： C01G23/047 , B82Y30/00 , C01G23/005 , C01G23/053 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2004/64
摘要： A titanium halide, preferably titanium tetrachloride, is reacted with suitable reductant, preferably an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, under ultrasonic excitation in a liquid reaction medium to form nanometer size particles of titanium which may incorporate unreacted reductant. The nanosized titanium particles may be a precursor for nanosized titanium oxide which is formed by oxidizing the titanium, preferably with a low molecular weight alcohol. When the titanium particles incorporate unreacted reductant the oxidation reaction will yield nanometer sized titanates. The nanosized particles, whether titanium oxide or titanates may be extracted by first filtering them from the reaction medium, followed by washing with water to remove any water-soluble reaction products followed by spray drying.
摘要翻译： 优选四氯化钛的卤化钛与合适的还原剂，优选碱金属或碱土金属在液体反应介质中在超声波激发下反应，形成纳米尺寸的可掺入未反应的还原剂的钛颗粒。 纳米尺寸的钛颗粒可以是通过氧化钛，优选用低分子量醇形成的纳米尺寸的氧化钛的前体。 当钛颗粒掺入未反应的还原剂时，氧化反应将产生纳米级的钛酸盐。 可以通过首先从反应介质中过滤氧化钛或钛酸钠，然后用水洗涤以除去任何水溶性反应产物，然后喷雾干燥，来提取纳米尺寸颗粒。
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