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公开(公告)号：US08470468B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-25
申请号：US12704694
申请日：2010-02-12
IPC分类号： H01M2/16
CPC分类号： H01M10/052 , H01M2/16 , H01M2/1646 , H01M2/1653 , H01M2/166 , H01M2/1686 , H01M10/0565 , Y02T10/7011
摘要： A porous polymer sheet or membrane is provided with a thin coating of an electrically non-conductive ceramic composition and the coating conforms to all surfaces, including the pore surfaces, of the membrane. Such a coated membrane serves well, for example, as an intra-cell separator in a lithium ion battery. The coating increases the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the separator in battery operation and retains electrolyte. The coating may be formed by a two-step vapor-phase process in which atoms of one or more metals such as aluminum, calcium, magnesium, titanium, silicon and/or zirconium are deposited in a conformal layer on a workpiece surface. The metal atoms may then be reacted with ammonia, carbon dioxide, and or water to form their respective non-conductive nitrides, carbides, and/or oxides on the surface. The two-step process is repeated as necessary to obtain a ceramic material coating of desired thickness.
摘要翻译： 多孔聚合物片或膜设置有非导电陶瓷组合物的薄涂层，并且涂层符合膜的所有表面，包括孔表面。 这样的涂布膜例如作为锂离子电池中的细胞内分离器良好地起作用。 涂层在电池操作中增加了隔膜的机械性能和热稳定性，并保持了电解液。 涂层可以通过两步气相法形成，其中一种或多种金属如铝，钙，镁，钛，硅和/或锆的原子沉积在工件表面上的共形层中。 然后可以将金属原子与氨，二氧化碳和/或水反应，以在表面上形成它们各自的非导电氮化物，碳化物和/或氧化物。 根据需要重复两步法以获得所需厚度的陶瓷材料涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US20110200863A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-18
申请号：US12704694
申请日：2010-02-12
CPC分类号： H01M10/052 , H01M2/16 , H01M2/1646 , H01M2/1653 , H01M2/166 , H01M2/1686 , H01M10/0565 , Y02T10/7011
摘要： A porous polymer sheet or membrane is provided with a thin coating of an electrically non-conductive ceramic composition and the coating conforms to all surfaces, including the pore surfaces, of the membrane. Such a coated membrane serves well, for example, as an intra-cell separator in a lithium ion battery. The coating increases the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the separator in battery operation and retains electrolyte. The coating may be formed by a two-step vapor-phase process in which atoms of one or more metals such as aluminum, calcium, magnesium, titanium, silicon and/or zirconium are deposited in a conformal layer on a workpiece surface. The metal atoms may then be reacted with ammonia, carbon dioxide, and or water to form their respective non-conductive nitrides, carbides, and/or oxides on the surface. The two-step process is repeated as necessary to obtain a ceramic material coating of desired thickness.
摘要翻译： 多孔聚合物片或膜设置有非导电陶瓷组合物的薄涂层，并且涂层符合膜的所有表面，包括孔表面。 这样的涂布膜例如作为锂离子电池中的细胞内分离器良好地起作用。 涂层在电池操作中增加了隔膜的机械性能和热稳定性，并保持了电解液。 涂层可以通过两步气相法形成，其中一种或多种金属如铝，钙，镁，钛，硅和/或锆的原子沉积在工件表面上的共形层中。 然后可以将金属原子与氨，二氧化碳和/或水反应，以在表面上形成它们各自的非导电氮化物，碳化物和/或氧化物。 根据需要重复两步法以获得所需厚度的陶瓷材料涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US10020526B2
公开(公告)日：2018-07-10
申请号：US13611709
申请日：2012-09-12
IPC分类号： H01M8/1069 , H01M2/14 , H01M8/1081 , C08K3/16
CPC分类号： H01M8/1079 , C08K3/16 , H01M2/145 , H01M8/1081 , Y02P70/56 , Y10T29/49108 , Y10T29/49826
摘要： A method for forming a membrane includes a step of dissolving a lithium salt in a solution including an ionomer that includes protogenic groups to form a modified solution. A membrane is formed from the solution containing the lithium salt and the ionomer that includes protogenic groups. The membrane is dried and then contacted with water to form a plurality of pores therein.
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公开(公告)号：US20140068927A1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-13
申请号：US13611709
申请日：2012-09-12
CPC分类号： H01M8/1079 , C08K3/16 , H01M2/145 , H01M8/1081 , Y02P70/56 , Y10T29/49108 , Y10T29/49826
摘要： A method for forming a membrane includes a step of dissolving a lithium salt in a solution including an ionomer that includes protogenic groups to form a modified solution. A membrane is formed from the solution containing the lithium salt and the ionomer that includes protogenic groups. The membrane is dried and then contacted with water to form a plurality of pores therein.
摘要翻译： 形成膜的方法包括将锂盐溶解在包括包含原基团的离聚物的溶液中以形成改性溶液的步骤。 由含有锂盐和包含原始基团的离聚物形成的溶液形成膜。 将膜干燥，然后与水接触以在其中形成多个孔。
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公开(公告)号：US08802301B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-12
申请号：US12902120
申请日：2010-10-11
申请人： Ion C. Halalay , Damon R. Frisch , Olt E. Geiculescu , Darryl D Desmarteau , Stephen E Creager , Changqing Lu
发明人： Ion C. Halalay , Damon R. Frisch , Olt E. Geiculescu , Darryl D Desmarteau , Stephen E Creager , Changqing Lu
IPC分类号： H01M10/0568 , H01M10/0569
CPC分类号： H01M10/0568 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/0569 , H01M2300/0045
摘要： An electrolyte for a lithium ion battery includes a vitreous eutectic mixture represented by the formula AxBy, where A is a salt chosen from a lithium fluoroalkylsulfonimide or a lithium fluoroarylsulfonimide, B is a solvent chosen from an alkylsulfonamide or an arylsulfonamide, and x and y are the mole fractions of A and B, respectively.
摘要翻译： 用于锂离子电池的电解质包括由式AxBy表示的玻璃态共晶混合物，其中A是选自氟代烷基磺酰亚胺锂或氟化芳基磺酰亚胺的盐，B是选自烷基磺酰胺或芳基磺酰胺的溶剂，x和y是 A和B的摩尔分数。
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6.发明授权Carbon-titanium oxide electrocatalyst supports for oxygen reduction in PEM fuel cells 有权碳氧化钛电催化剂载体用于PEM燃料电池中的氧还原公开(公告)号：US08524415B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-03
申请号：US12897472
申请日：2010-10-04
申请人： Mei Cai , Suresh K. Donthu , Martin S. Ruthkosky , Ion C. Halalay
发明人： Mei Cai , Suresh K. Donthu , Martin S. Ruthkosky , Ion C. Halalay
CPC分类号： H01M8/0243 , H01M4/9075 , H01M4/9083 , H01M8/0234 , H01M2008/1095 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A high surface area support material is formed of an intimate mixture of carbon clusters and titanium oxide clusters. A catalytic metal, such as platinum, is deposited on the support particles and the catalyzed material used as an electrocatalyst in an electrochemical cell such as a PEM fuel cell. The composite material is prepared by thermal decomposition and oxidation of an intimate mixture of a precursor carbon polymer, a titanium alkoxide and a surfactant that serves as a molecular template for the mixed precursors.
摘要翻译： 高表面积的支撑材料由碳簇和氧化钛簇的紧密混合物形成。 在诸如PEM燃料电池的电化学电池中的载体颗粒和用作电催化剂的催化材料上沉积催化金属如铂。 复合材料通过前体碳聚合物，钛醇盐和用作混合前体的分子模板的表面活性剂的紧密混合物的热分解和氧化来制备。
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公开(公告)号：US20130183582A1
公开(公告)日：2013-07-18
申请号：US13348977
申请日：2012-01-12
申请人： Ion C. Halalay , Timothy J. Fuller , Lijun Zou , Zicheng Li
发明人： Ion C. Halalay , Timothy J. Fuller , Lijun Zou , Zicheng Li
CPC分类号： H01M10/0525 , H01M2/1653 , H01M2/1686 , H01M4/13 , H01M4/62 , Y02E60/122 , Y10T29/49108 , Y10T29/49115
摘要： A lithium ion battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a microporous polymer separator disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, and a polymer having a chelating agent tethered thereto. The polymer is incorporated into the lithium ion battery such that the chelating agent complexes with metal cations in a manner sufficient to not affect movement of lithium ions across the microporous polymer separator during operation of the lithium ion battery.
摘要翻译： 锂离子电池包括正极，负极，设置在负极和正极之间的微孔聚合物隔板，以及具有束缚于其的螯合剂的聚合物。 将聚合物并入锂离子电池中，使得螯合剂以足以在锂离子电池操作期间不影响锂离子穿过微孔聚合物分离器的运动的方式与金属阳离子络合。
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公开(公告)号：US07940060B2
公开(公告)日：2011-05-10
申请号：US11682345
申请日：2007-03-06
申请人： Ion C. Halalay , Eric W. Schneider
发明人： Ion C. Halalay , Eric W. Schneider
IPC分类号： G01R27/08
CPC分类号： G01N33/2888 , G01N27/06 , G01N27/221
摘要： One embodiment of the invention includes a method comprising measuring the level of a fluid in a system in a vehicle comprising measuring an electrical property of the fluid indicative of the amount of air in the fluid and comparing the measured electrical property to a reference. The measured electrical property may include at least one of electrical resistivity or electrical permittivity. Another embodiment of the invention includes a method comprising measuring an electrical property of a fluid, measuring an electrical property of an air-free fluid sample, and determining a volume fraction of air in the fluid using the electrical property of the fluid and the electrical property of the air-free fluid sample, wherein the electrical property comprises at least one of electrical resistivity or electrical permittivity. In some embodiments an indication can be provided when the slope of the electrical property versus time changes.
摘要翻译： 本发明的一个实施例包括一种方法，其包括测量车辆系统中的流体的水平，包括测量表示流体中的空气量的流体的电特性，并将测量的电特性与参考值进行比较。 测量的电性能可以包括电阻率或电介电常数中的至少一个。 本发明的另一个实施例包括一种方法，其包括测量流体的电特性，测量无空气流体样品的电性能，以及使用流体的电性质和电气性质确定流体中空气的体积分数 的空气流体样品，其中电性质包括电阻率或介电常数中的至少一种。 在一些实施例中，当电特性对时间的斜率改变时可以提供指示。
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公开(公告)号：US07465333B1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-16
申请号：US11465180
申请日：2006-08-17
IPC分类号： B22F9/24 , B22F9/30 , B01J19/08 , B01J19/10 , C22B34/10 , C22B34/12 , B01D47/02 , C01G23/02 , B06B1/20
CPC分类号： B22F9/24 , Y10S423/12
摘要： A precursor halide compound is reduced to a predetermined product at substantially ambient conditions. The halide is added to an anhydrous liquid reaction medium containing one or more alkali metals or alkaline earth metals as reductants. The metal reductants are dispersed as very small globules in the liquid by cavitation of the liquid, such as by application of high intensity ultrasonic vibrations or high-shear mixing to the reaction vessel. Continued cavitation of the liquid medium affects low temperature reduction of the precursor halide(s) to produce a metal, metal alloy, metal compound, ceramic material, metal matrix-ceramic composite material, or the like. The practice may be applied, for example, to titanium tetrachloride, alone or with other chlorides, to produce titanium metal, titanium alloys (for example Ti-6Al-4V), and titanium compounds (TiSi2).
摘要翻译： 在基本环境条件下将前体卤化物化合物还原成预定的产物。 将卤化物加入到含有一种或多种碱金属或碱土金属作为还原剂的无水液体反应介质中。 金属还原剂通过液体的空化作为非常小的小球分散在液体中，例如通过对反应容器施加高强度超声振动或高剪切混合。 液体介质的持续气穴影响前体卤化物的低温还原，以产生金属，金属合金，金属化合物，陶瓷材料，金属基体陶瓷复合材料等。 该实践可以例如单独或与其它氯化物一起应用于四氯化钛，以生产钛金属，钛合金（例如Ti-6Al-4V）和钛化合物（TiSi 2）。
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公开(公告)号：US20080271569A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-06
申请号：US11465174
申请日：2006-08-17
申请人： Ion C. Halalay , Michael P. Balogh
发明人： Ion C. Halalay , Michael P. Balogh
IPC分类号： B22F9/24
CPC分类号： B22F9/24 , Y10S423/12
摘要： A titanium halide and, optionally, other precursor halides compound are reduced to a predetermined titanium product, suitably at or near ambient conditions. Titanium tetrachloride, for example, is added to an anhydrous liquid reaction medium containing one or more alkali metals or alkaline earth metals as reductants. The metal reductants are dispersed as very small globules in the liquid by cavitation of the liquid reaction medium, such as by application of high intensity ultrasonic vibrations or high-shear mixing to the reaction vessel. Continued cavitation of the liquid medium affects relatively low temperature reduction of the precursor halide(s) to produce a titanium-containing product such as titanium metal, a titanium alloy or compound, or a titanium matrix-ceramic composite material, or the like.
摘要翻译： 卤化钛和任选的其它前体卤化物化合物在适合于或接近环境条件下还原成预定的钛产品。 例如，将四氯化钛加入到含有一种或多种碱金属或碱土金属作为还原剂的无水液体反应介质中。 金属还原剂通过液体反应介质的空化作为非常小的小球分散在液体中，例如通过对反应容器施加高强度超声振动或高剪切混合。 液体介质的持续气穴影响前体卤化物的相对低的温度降低以产生含钛产物如钛金属，钛合金或化合物，或钛基陶瓷复合材料等。
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