Rapid screening for lead concentration compliance by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis
    41.
    发明授权
    Rapid screening for lead concentration compliance by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis 有权
    通过X射线荧光(XRF)分析快速筛选铅浓度依从性

    公开(公告)号:US08155268B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-04-10

    申请号:US12766250

    申请日:2010-04-23

    IPC分类号: G01N23/223

    CPC分类号: G01N23/223 G01N2223/076

    摘要: A method is provided for screening lead concentration compliance of objects, particularly consumer products such as toys, using x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. The measured intensity ratio of the characteristic Lα and Lβ x-rays of lead provides an indication of whether the lead is located primarily in a coating (e.g., paint) layer on the object, or in a thin or thick bulk material. If the intensity ratio indicates that the lead is located in a coating layer or distributed in a thin bulk material, an areal density of lead is determined from at least one of the characteristic x-ray intensities, and the measured areal density is compared to specified lower and upper limits to determine whether the object is unambiguously compliant, unambiguously non-compliant, or indeterminate.

    摘要翻译: 提供了使用X射线荧光(XRF)分析来筛选物体,特别是诸如玩具等消费品的铅浓度依从性的方法。 特征Lα和L&bgr的测量强度比; 铅的x射线提供铅是否主要位于物体上的涂层(例如油漆)层中,或者薄的或厚的散装材料中的指示。 如果强度比表明引线位于涂层中或分布在薄体材料中,则从特征x射线强度中的至少一个确定铅的面密度,并将测量的面密度与指定的 下限和上限,以确定对象是否明确兼容,明确不符合或不确定。

    Measurement of lead by X-ray fluorescence
    42.
    发明授权
    Measurement of lead by X-ray fluorescence 有权
    通过X射线荧光测量铅

    公开(公告)号:US07933379B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-04-26

    申请号:US12726306

    申请日:2010-03-17

    IPC分类号: G01N23/223

    CPC分类号: G01N23/223 G01N2223/076

    摘要: A method, instrument, and computer program software product for characterizing a sample with respect to the presence of a specified element, either as a constituent of a surface layer or of the bulk of the sample. Intensities of fluorescent emission at two characteristic emission lines are compared to establish whether the specified element is disposed above the bulk of the sample. In the case where the specified element is disposed above the bulk of the sample, an areal density of the specified element is determined, whereas in the case where the specified element is disposed within the bulk of the sample, a volumetric concentration of the specified element within the sample is determined.

    摘要翻译: 用于表征样品相对于指定元素的存在的方法,仪器和计算机程序软件产品,作为表面层或样品的主体的组成部分。 比较两个特征发射线处的荧光发射强度,以确定指定元素是否位于样品的大部分之上。 在将特定元素设置在样本体上方的情况下,确定特定元素的面密度,而在将特定元素设置在样本体内的情况下,指定元素的体积浓度 在样品内确定。

    Small spot X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer
    43.
    发明授权
    Small spot X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer 有权
    小点X射线荧光(XRF)分析仪

    公开(公告)号:US07916834B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-03-29

    申请号:US12029410

    申请日:2008-02-11

    IPC分类号: G01N23/223

    CPC分类号: G01N23/223 G01N2223/076

    摘要: A hand-held, self-contained x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyzer produces a small x-ray spot on a sample to interrogate the elemental composition of a sample region of millimeter-size characteristic dimension. The analyzer includes a collimator for aiming an x-ray beam toward a desired location on the sample and for determining the size of the spot produced on the sample. The analyzer may include a digital camera oriented toward the portion of the sample that is, or would be, interrogated by the x-ray spot to facilitate aiming the analyzer. The analyzer may generate a reticule in a displayed image to indicate the portion of the sample that is, or would be, illuminated by the x-ray beam. The analyzer may automatically annotate the image of the sample with text or graphics that contain information about the analyzed sample. The image may be stored in the hand -held analyzer or provided for external storage or display.

    摘要翻译: 手持式独立的X射线荧光(XRF)分析仪在样品上产生小的x射线斑点,以询问毫米尺寸特征尺寸的样品区域的元素组成。 分析仪包括准直器,用于将X射线束朝向样品上的期望位置,并用于确定样品上产生的斑点的尺寸。 分析器可以包括朝向被X射线点或将要被X射线点询问以便于瞄准分析器的样本部分的数字照相机。 分析器可以在所显示的图像中生成网状物,以指示样本的X射线束照射的部分或者被X射线束照射的部分。 分析仪可以使用包含有关分析样本信息的文本或图形自动注释样品图像。 图像可能存储在手持式分析仪中或提供用于外部存储或显示。

    Measurement of lead by X-ray fluorescence
    44.
    发明授权
    Measurement of lead by X-ray fluorescence 有权
    通过X射线荧光测量铅

    公开(公告)号:US07702067B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-04-20

    申请号:US12205678

    申请日:2008-09-05

    IPC分类号: G01N23/223

    CPC分类号: G01N23/223 G01N2223/076

    摘要: A method, instrument, and computer program software product for characterizing a sample with respect to the presence of a specified element, either as a constituent of a surface layer or of the bulk of the sample. Intensities of fluorescent emission at two characteristic emission lines are compared to establish whether the specified element is disposed above the bulk of the sample. In the case where the specified element is disposed above the bulk of the sample, an areal density of the specified element is determined, whereas in the case where the specified element is disposed within the bulk of the sample, a volumetric concentration of the specified element within the sample is determined.

    摘要翻译: 用于表征样品相对于指定元素的存在的方法,仪器和计算机程序软件产品,作为表面层或样品的主体的组成部分。 比较两个特征发射线处的荧光发射强度,以确定指定元素是否位于样品的大部分之上。 在将特定元素设置在样本体上方的情况下,确定特定元素的面密度,而在将特定元素设置在样本体内的情况下,指定元素的体积浓度 在样品内确定。

    Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Instrument with Tapered Absorption Collar
    45.
    发明申请
    Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Instrument with Tapered Absorption Collar 有权
    带锥形吸收圈的便携式X射线荧光仪器

    公开(公告)号:US20090220045A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-09-03

    申请号:US12300790

    申请日:2007-05-25

    申请人: Lee Grodzins

    发明人: Lee Grodzins

    IPC分类号: G01N23/223

    CPC分类号: G01N23/223 G01N2223/076

    摘要: An instrument and method for measuring the elemental composition of a test material. The instrument has a source of penetrating radiation for irradiating an irradiated region of the test material, a detector for detecting fluorescence emission by the test material and for generating a detector signal, and a controller for converting the detector signal into a spectrum characterizing the composition of the test material. A platen of attenuating material extends outward from adjacent to, and surrounding, the irradiated surface of the test material. In certain embodiments, the thickness of the attenuating platen is tapered such as to decrease with increasing radial distance from the central irradiated region of the test material.

    摘要翻译: 用于测量测试材料的元素组成的仪器和方法。 该仪器具有用于照射测试材料的照射区域的穿透辐射源,用于检测由测试材料产生荧光发射并产生检测器信号的检测器,以及用于将检测器信号转换成表征组成的光谱的控制器 测试材料。 衰减材料的压板从测试材料的照射表面的相邻并且围绕其向外延伸。 在某些实施例中,衰减台板的厚度是锥形的,以便随着与测试材料的中心照射区域的径向距离的增加而减小。

    Neutron and gamma ray monitor
    46.
    发明授权
    Neutron and gamma ray monitor 有权
    中子和伽马射线监视器

    公开(公告)号:US07525101B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-04-28

    申请号:US11442638

    申请日:2006-05-26

    申请人: Lee Grodzins

    发明人: Lee Grodzins

    IPC分类号: G01T3/06

    CPC分类号: G01T3/06 G01T1/2018

    摘要: An apparatus for selective radiation detection includes a neutron detector that facilitates detection of neutron emitters, e.g. plutonium, and the like; a gamma ray detector that facilitates detection of gamma ray sources, e.g., uranium, and the like. The apparatus comprises a first light guide, optically coupled to a first optical detector; a second light guide, optically coupled to a second optical detector a sheet of neutron scintillator, opaque for incoming optical photons, said sheet of neutron scintillator sandwiched between the first and the second light guides. The second light guide comprises a gamma ray scintillator material.

    摘要翻译: 用于选择性辐射检测的装置包括中子探测器,其有助于检测中子发射器,例如, 钚等; 有助于检测伽马射线源(例如铀等)的伽马射线检测器。 该装置包括光学耦合到第一光学检测器的第一光导; 第二光导,光耦合到第二光学检测器,一片中子闪烁体,对于入射的光子光不透明,所述中子闪烁体片夹在第一和第二光导之间。 第二光导包括伽马射线闪烁体材料。

    Measurement of Lead by X-Ray Fluorescence
    47.
    发明申请
    Measurement of Lead by X-Ray Fluorescence 有权
    通过X射线荧光测量铅

    公开(公告)号:US20090067572A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-03-12

    申请号:US12205678

    申请日:2008-09-05

    IPC分类号: G01N23/223

    CPC分类号: G01N23/223 G01N2223/076

    摘要: A method, instrument, and computer program software product for characterizing a sample with respect to the presence of a specified element, either as a constituent of a surface layer or of the bulk of the sample. Intensities of fluorescent emission at two characteristic emission lines are compared to establish whether the specified element is disposed above the bulk of the sample. In the case where the specified element is disposed above the bulk of the sample, an areal density of the specified element is determined, whereas in the case where the specified element is disposed within the bulk of the sample, a volumetric concentration of the specified element within the sample is determined.

    摘要翻译: 用于表征样品相对于指定元素的存在的方法,仪器和计算机程序软件产品,作为表面层或样品的主体的组成部分。 比较两个特征发射线处的荧光发射强度,以确定指定元素是否位于样品的大部分之上。 在将特定元素设置在样本体上方的情况下,确定特定元素的面密度,而在将特定元素设置在样本体内的情况下,指定元素的体积浓度 在样品内确定。

    LASER-TRIGGERED PLASMA APPARATUS FOR ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY
    48.
    发明申请
    LASER-TRIGGERED PLASMA APPARATUS FOR ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY 有权
    用于原子发射光谱的激光雷达等离子体设备

    公开(公告)号:US20080259330A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-10-23

    申请号:US12106233

    申请日:2008-04-18

    IPC分类号: G01J3/443

    摘要: Multiple energy sources, such as a laser and electrical current, are employed, in close coordination, spatially and temporally, to clean a sample, vaporize its material and excite vapor atoms for the purpose of atomic emission spectroscopy. These methods permit better monitoring and control of the individual processes in real time, lead to higher consistency and higher quality optical emission spectra, and enhance the measurements of non-conducting solids, liquids and gases. Additionally, a portable instrument is provided with both laser source and spectrometer optically coupled to a hand-holdable unit.

    摘要翻译: 在诸如激光和电流之间的多个能源,在空间和时间上紧密协调地被采用以清洁样品,汽化其材料并激发蒸气原子以用于原子发射光谱。 这些方法允许实时更好地监测和控制各个过程,从而提高一致性和更高质量的光发射光谱,并增强非导电固体,液体和气体的测量。 此外,便携式仪器具有与手持式单元光学耦合的激光源和光谱仪。

    Two-Stage X-Ray Concentrator
    49.
    发明申请
    Two-Stage X-Ray Concentrator 有权
    两级X射线浓缩器

    公开(公告)号:US20080095319A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-04-24

    申请号:US11681828

    申请日:2007-03-05

    IPC分类号: G21K5/02

    摘要: A method for obtaining a concentrated, monochromatic x-ray beam from a standard x-ray tube or other source of polychromatic emission. X-rays from the anode of the x-ray tube fluoresce an adjoining, independent target that produces a monochromatic spectrum, a portion of which is focused by the x-ray optical system. This two-stage method gives the system considerably versatility without undue loss in signal. The two-stage concentrator makes practical the use of focusing optics in hand-held and portable instruments.

    摘要翻译: 用于从标准X射线管或其他多色发射源获得浓缩的单色X射线束的方法。 来自X射线管的阳极的X射线发出相邻的独立目标,产生单色光谱,其一部分由x射线光学系统聚焦。 这种两阶段的方法使得系统具有很大的通用性,而不会在信号中造成不必要的损失。 两级聚光器使手持和便携式仪器中的聚焦光学器件成为可能。

    X-ray fluorescence analyzer
    50.
    发明授权
    X-ray fluorescence analyzer 有权
    X射线荧光分析仪

    公开(公告)号:US06765986B2

    公开(公告)日:2004-07-20

    申请号:US10067683

    申请日:2002-02-04

    IPC分类号: G01N23223

    CPC分类号: G01N23/223 G01N2223/076

    摘要: An x-ray fluorescence analyzer and method. The analyzer and method use a single radio-active source, such as, 241Am to determine the composition of a metal alloy or precious metal. The method compensates for Rayleigh scattering by first determining a scaling factor using a particular energy line in the spectrum of the test material and comparing that line to the same energy line for a pure metal. Based on the scaling factor the energy spectrum for the pure is compensated and then subtracted from the energy spectrum of the test material at discrete points.

    摘要翻译: X射线荧光分析仪及方法。 分析仪和方法使用单个放射性活性源,例如<241> Am来确定金属合金或贵金属的组成。 该方法通过首先使用测试材料的光谱中的特定能量线确定比例因子并将该线与纯金属的相同能量线进行比较来补偿瑞利散射。 基于缩放因子,纯化的能谱被补偿,然后从离散点处的测试材料的能谱中减去。