摘要:
A process is described for preparing 3-pentenenitrile by hydrocyanating 1,3-butadiene in the presence of at least one catalyst, wherein the reaction is carried out in a loop reactor having external pumped circulation and jet nozzle for driving the internal circulation.
摘要:
A process is described for separating mixtures of isomeric pentenenitriles, in which at least one isomer is removed from the mixture, wherein the separation of the substance mixtures of isomeric pentenenitriles is effected distillatively under reduced pressure.
摘要:
A process is described for preparing nickel(0)-phosphorus ligand complexes containing at least one nickel(0) central atom and at least one phosphorus ligand. The process comprises reducing a nickel(II) source comprising nickel bromide, nickel iodide or mixtures thereof in the presence of at least one phosphorus ligand.
摘要:
A process is described for preparing a nickel(0)-phosphorus ligand complex containing at least one nickel(0)central atom and at least one phosphorus ligand, which comprises reducing a nickel(II) halide dried by azeotropic distillation in the presence of at least one phosphorus ligand.
摘要:
The invention relates to phosphinite phosphites I of formula 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 and mixtures thereof, wherein R1, R2, R4 independently represent an alkyl or alkylene group with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, provided that at least one of the groups R1, R2, R4 is different from H; R5 to R22 independently represent H, an alkyl or alkylene group with 1 to 8 carbon atoms; R3 is H, methyl or ethyl; X is F, Cl or CF3, if n=1 or 2 and X is H, if n=0.
摘要:
A process for hydrocyanating an olefinically unsaturated nitrile in the presence of an Ni(0)-containing catalyst, which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of a hydrocarbon which leads under certain pressure, concentration and temperature conditions to the formation of at least two liquid phases of the overall system, of which one phase has a higher proportion of the Ni(0)-containing catalyst, based on the total weight of this phase, than the other phase or other phases.
摘要:
A system which is suitable as a catalyst for the hydrocyanation of olefinically unsaturated compounds and comprises a) Ni(0) b) a compound which complexes Ni(0) as a ligand and contains trivalent phosphorus, c) a Lewis acid and d) a compound of the formula M Rn where M: Al or Ti R: identical or different monovalent alkoxy radicals, in which case a plurality of alkoxy radicals may be bonded together, and additionally, in the case that M=Al, R may be identical or different monovalent alkyl radicals, in which case a plurality of alkyl radicals may be bonded together or one or more alkyl radicals may be bonded to one or more of the abovementioned alkoxy radicals, n: valency of M, and processes for hydrocyanating an olefinically unsaturated compound in the presence of such a system.
摘要:
A system comprising a) Ni(0) b) from 4 to 10 mol per mol of Ni(0) in a) of a compound (I) of the formula P(X1R1)(X2R2)(X3R3) (I) where X1, X2, X3 are each, independently of one another, oxygen or a single bond, R1, R2, R3 are, independently of one another, identical or different organic radicals and c) from 1 to 4 mol per mol of Ni(0) in a) of a compound (II) of the formula where X11, X12, X13 X21, X22, X23 are each, independently of one another, oxygen or a single bond, R11, R12 are identical or different, individual or bridged organic radicals, R21, R22 are identical or different, individual or bridged organic radicals and Y is a bridging group is suitable as catalyst for preparing mixtures of monoolefinic C5 mononitriles having nonconjugated C═C and C═N bonds by hydrocyanation of a 1,3-butadiene-containing hydrocarbon mixture and for preparing a dinitrile by hydrocyanation of a mixture of monoolefinic C5 mononitriles having nonconjugated C═C and C═N bonds.
摘要翻译:一种系统,其包含a)式(I)中的式(ⅰ)中的每一摩尔Ni(0)中的Ni(0)b)4至10摩尔的式(ⅰ)的线性式描述=“在线式” 结束=“铅”→P(X 1> 1 SUP>)(X 2 2 R 2)(X (I)<?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”?>其中X <1> X 2,X 3,X 3各自彼此独立地为氧或单键,R 1,R 2, > 2,R 3彼此独立地为相同或不同的有机基团,c)1至4摩尔每摩尔a)化合物中的Ni(0) II),其中X 11,X 12,X 13,X 21,X 22 X 23,X 23各自彼此独立地为氧或单键,R 11,R 12和R 12相同或相同, 不同的单个或桥连的有机基团,R 21,R 22和R 22相同或不同,单个或桥接的有机基团和 Y是桥联基团,适合作为通过含1,3-丁二烯的烃混合物的氢氰化制备具有非共轭CC和CN键的单烯键式C 5 H 5单体的混合物的催化剂,并通过氢氰化制备二腈 的具有非共轭CC和CN键的单烯烃C 5 H 5单体的混合物。
摘要:
A system comprising a) Ni(0) b) from 4 to 10 mol per mol of Ni(0) in a) of a compound (I) of the formula P(X1R1)(X2R2)(X3R3) (I) where X1, X2, X3 are each, independently of one another, oxygen or a single bond, R1, R2, R3 are, independently of one another, identical or different organic radicals and c) from 1 to 4 mol per mol of Ni(0) in a) of a compound (II) of the formula where X11, X12, X13 X21, X22, X23 are each, independently of one another, oxygen or a single bond, R11, R12 are identical or different, individual or bridged organic radicals, R21, R22 are identical or different, individual or bridged organic radicals and Y is a bridging group is suitable as catalyst for preparing mixtures of monoolefinic C5 mononitriles having nonconjugated C═C and C═N bonds by hydrocyanation of a 1,3-butadiene-containing hydrocarbon mixture and for preparing a dinitrile by hydrocyanation of a mixture of monoolefinic C5 mononitriles having nonconjugated C═C and C═N bonds.
摘要翻译:一种系统,其包含a)式(I)中的式(ⅰ)中的每一摩尔Ni(0)中的Ni(0)b)4至10摩尔的式(ⅰ)的线性式描述=“在线式” 结束=“铅”→P(X 1> 1 SUP>)(X 2 2 R 2)(X (I)<?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”?>其中X <1> X 2,X 3,X 3各自彼此独立地为氧或单键,R 1,R 2, > 2,R 3彼此独立地为相同或不同的有机基团,c)1至4摩尔每摩尔a)化合物中的Ni(0) II),其中X 11,X 12,X 13,X 21,X 22 X 23,X 23各自彼此独立地为氧或单键,R 11,R 12和R 12相同或相同, 不同的单个或桥接的有机基团,R 21,R 22和R 22相同或不同,单个或桥接的有机基团和Y 桥联基团适合作为通过含1,3-丁二烯的烃混合物的氢氰化制备具有非共轭CC和CN键的单烯烃C 5 H 5单体的混合物的催化剂,并通过氢化氰化反应制备二腈 具有非共轭CC和CN键的单烯烃C 5 H 5单体的混合物。
摘要:
The invention relates to phosphinites I of formulae (1) or (2), in which R1, R2, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 independently represent hydrogen, an alkyl or alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; R3 is H or methyl; R4 is i-propyl or t-butyl; X is F, Cl or CF3 and n is 1 or 2.