摘要:
A controller apparatus for an electric vehicle includes a power supply, a power converting section for converting power supplied from the power supply, a motor which receives an output from the power converting section to drive the electric vehicle; an accelerator opening detector for detecting an accelerator opening; a controller section for controlling said power converting section in response to a detected output from said accelerator opening detector; a current detector for detecting the current supplied to the motor from the power supply; and failure decider for deciding that the controller suffers a failure when the output from the current detector is not smaller than the reference value previously determined in accordance with the accelerator opening, thereby stopping the drive of the motor. In such a structure, the torque not smaller than that required by a driver is produced so that it is possible to prevent the electric vehicle from running away.
摘要:
A torque transmission device of a four-wheel drive vehicle having a pair of drive shafts includes a hydraulic pump for transmitting torque to both drive shafts through a variable oil pressure generated therein according to the difference in rotational speed between both drive shafts, and a multiple disc clutch for transmitting torque to both drive shafts by a frictional coupling power. The hydraulic pump has a casing and a rotor housed therein. The casing is rotated by one of the drive shafts. The rotor is rotated by the other drive shaft through a transmitting member, a hydraulic piston mechanism and a rotary sleeve. The transmitting member has a clutch operating portion for operating the clutch. When the transmitted torque exceeds a predetermined level, the hydraulic piston mechanism is adapted to move the transmitting member to operate the multiple disc clutch with no intermediary of the casing.
摘要:
A protective tube covering an insertion portion of an endoscope is shorter than an inner structure of the insertion portion, and a protective tube covering a bending portion is longer than an inner structure of the bending portion. The front end of the protective tube of the insertion portion, as well as the rear end of the protective tube of the bending portion, is disposed a predetermined distance rearwardly from a portion of connection between the inner structure of the insertion portion and the inner structure of the bending portion. The protective tube of the bending portion covers not only the inner structure of the bending portion but also the above connection portion and the front end portion of the inner structure of the insertion portion. Since the protective tube of the bending portion is softer than the protective tube of the insertion portion, the front end portion of the insertion portion covered by the former protective tube is more flexible and bendable than the other portion of the insertion portion, and serves as an insertion guide portion. In order to restrain a slack of the protective tube of the bending portion, a portion of this protective tube intermediate the opposite ends thereof is fixed to the outer periphery of at least one of the inner structure of the insertion portion, the inner structure of the bending portion and the connection portion.
摘要:
An endoscope includes an electric device attached to a rigid portion provided at a distal end of the endoscope, and signal conductors extending from the electric device. The signal conductors are bent at a bending portion of the endoscope so as to reduce a bending resistance of the bending portion. Each signal conductor has an intersecting portion extending in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the bending portion. A jig for processing or bending the signal conductors includes a plurality of pairs of first and second engagement portions provided on each of opposite sides of the jig. The first engagement portions as well as the second engagement portions arre arranged in a row, and spaced from one another in the longitudinal direction of the jig. Each pair of first and second engagement portions are disposed in a straight line intersecting the longitudinal direction of the jig.
摘要:
A method of reverse development for depositing the toner particles to the light potential area of a photosensitive member. The developer used contains magnetic carrier particles and toner particles. An alternating electric field is formed in the developing position or zone. A relative volumetric ratio Q (%) of the magnetic carrier particles in the developing position satisfies 15.0.ltoreq.Q.ltoreq.28.0. The relative volumetric ratio is defined asQ=(M/h).times.(1/.rho.).times.C.sigma./(T+C)where M (g/cm.sup.2) is an amount of applied developer on a developing sleeve surface per unit area, h (cm) is a height of space in the developing position, .rho. (g/cm.sup.3) is a true density of the magnetic carrier particles, C/(T+C) (%) is a weight ratio of the carrier particles in the developer on the surface of the sleeve, and .sigma. is a ratio of a peripheral speed of the sleeve relative to the peripheral speed of the photosensitive member.
摘要:
A process for recovering an oxygen enriched gas from a mixed gas mainly composed of nitrogen gas and oxygen gas by means of PSA comprising:providing two adsorbers A and B packed with zeolite molecular sieve as the adsorbent and a gas reservoir for accumulating the recovered oxygen enriched gas which is connected to the outlet side of each adsorber and used in common to both adsorbers, introducing the mixed gas into adsorber A to adsorb nitrogen gas, and desorbing nitrogen has previously adsorbed in adsorber B therefrom under reduced pressure.Introduction, adsorption and desorption are carried out according to adsorption, desorption, rinsing, recovering, pressure accumulation and pressurization steps in turn with alternation of adsorbers A and B.
摘要:
Provided is a control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, which can adequately perform the control of a fuel injection amount even when an abnormality, a disconnection or the like of a fuel pressure sensor occurs and thereby accurate fuel pressure information is not able to be obtained.A fuel injection valve (26) is provided which is capable of directly injecting fuel into a cylinder. If a target fuel injection amount is smaller than a minimum fuel injection amount that is minimum and is capable of injecting during one opening and closing operation of the fuel injection valve (26), the start timing of fuel injection is set within a period in which an exhaust valve is opened during an exhaust stroke.
摘要:
An object of this invention is, even when executing WGV control, to stably control an air-fuel ratio in parallel therewith. An ECU calculates a WGV correction coefficient Kv based on a degree of opening of a waste gate valve (WGV) and calculates a wall-surface fuel adherence amount FMW that is an amount of fuel adhering to a wall surface of an intake port by adding a base wall-surface adherence amount FMWB, the WGV correction coefficient Kv, a water temperature correction coefficient Kt, and a load factor change correction coefficient Kdl. The calculated wall-surface fuel adherence amount FMW is added to a fuel injection amount ETAUout. Thus, a state of a blowback amount of exhaust gas that varies with the degree of opening of the WGV can be reflected in the fuel injection amount.
摘要:
A microbubble cleaning system includes a tank in which a solution into which a product is immersed to clean the product is stored; supplying means for putting microbubbles into the solution and supplying the solution that includes the microbubbles into the tank; oil separating apparatus that collects bubbles that have risen to a surface of the solution stored in the tank as a result of cleaning the product, as well as a portion of the solution that is near the surface of the solution, in order to separate oil from the solution; generating means for generating a surface flow of the solution near the surface of the solution in order to remove the bubbles that have risen to the surface of the solution in the tank; and removing means for removing carbon dioxide from air that is used to generate the microbubbles by the supplying means.
摘要:
An extreme ultraviolet light source apparatus comprises a target supply unit supplying a target into a vacuum chamber, a laser oscillator outputting a laser light into the vacuum chamber, a collector mirror outputting an extreme ultraviolet light outside by reflecting the extreme ultraviolet light emitted from the target being ionized as a plasma by irradiation with the laser light at a plasma luminescence point in the vacuum chamber, and an ion debris removal unit at least a part of which is located in an obscuration region including the plasma luminescence point.