Process for producing fluoropolymer particles
    42.
    发明授权
    Process for producing fluoropolymer particles 有权
    含氟聚合物颗粒的制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US08378063B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-02-19

    申请号:US12644306

    申请日:2009-12-22

    IPC分类号: C08F6/00

    摘要: A process for producing fluoropolymer particles includes preparing a solution/dispersion containing fluoropolymer dissolved/dispersed in a first solvent such that the swelling of fluoropolymer by the first solvent is from 50 to 1,200%, and mixing the solution/dispersion with a second solvent such that fluoropolymer forms particles and the swelling of fluoropolymer by the mixture of the first and second solvents is from 0 to 100%. WC/WB is in the range of from 1 to 5, WB represents mass of the first solvent, WC/ represents mass of the second solvent, WC/WB represents a ratio of the mass of the second solvent to the mass of the first solvent. SBC/SB is at most 0.5. SBC represents the swelling by the mixture of the first and second solvents, SB represents the swelling by the first solvent, and SBC/SB represents a ratio of the swelling by the mixture to the swelling by the first solvent.

    摘要翻译: 制备含氟聚合物颗粒的方法包括制备溶解/分散在第一溶剂中的含氟聚合物的溶液/分散体,使得第一溶剂的含氟聚合物的溶胀为50-1200%,并将溶液/分散体与第二溶剂混合使得 氟聚合物形成颗粒,并且通过第一和第二溶剂的混合物的含氟聚合物的溶胀为0至100%。 WC / WB在1至5的范围内,WB表示第一溶剂的质量,WC /表示第二溶剂的质量,WC / WB表示第二溶剂的质量与第一溶剂的质量的比率 。 SBC / SB最多为0.5。 SBC表示第一溶剂和第二溶剂的混合物的溶胀,SB表示第一溶剂的溶胀,SBC / SB表示混合物的溶胀与第一溶剂溶胀的比例。

    Process of making α-aminooxyketone/α-aminooxyaldehyde and α-hydroxyketone/α-hydroxyaldehyde compounds and a process of making reaction products from cyclic α, β-unsaturated ketone substrates and nitroso substrates
    43.
    发明授权
    Process of making α-aminooxyketone/α-aminooxyaldehyde and α-hydroxyketone/α-hydroxyaldehyde compounds and a process of making reaction products from cyclic α, β-unsaturated ketone substrates and nitroso substrates 有权
    制备α-氨基氧基酮/α-氨基氧醛和α-羟基酮/α-羟基醛化合物的方法和由环状α,β-不饱和酮底物和亚硝基底物制备反应产物的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08372985B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-02-12

    申请号:US13566587

    申请日:2012-08-03

    IPC分类号: C07D257/04

    摘要: The present invention is directed to a process of making α-aminooxyketone and α-hydroxyketone compounds. The synthetic pathway generally involves reacting an aldehyde or ketone substrate and a nitroso substrate in the presence of a catalyst of the formula (IV): wherein Xa-Xc represent independently nitrogen, carbon, oxygen or sulfur and Z represents a 4 to 10-membered ring with or without a substituent and optionally a further step to convert the α-aminooxyketone compound formed to the α-hydroxyketone compound. The present invention results in α-aminooxyketone and α-hydroxyketone compounds with high enantioselectivity and high purity. The present invention is also directed to a catalytic asymmetric O-nitroso Aldol/Michael reaction. The substrates of this reaction are generally cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone substrate and a nitroso substrate. This methodology generally involves reacting the cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketone substrate and the nitroso substrate in the presence of a proline-based catalyst, to provide a heterocyclic product.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及制备α-氨基氧基酮和α-羟基酮化合物的方法。 合成途径通常包括在式(Ⅳ)催化剂存在下使醛或酮底物和亚硝基底物反应:其中Xa-Xc独立地代表氮,碳,氧或硫,Z代表4至10元 具有或不具有取代基的环,以及任选的将形成的α-氨基氧基酮化合物转化为α-羟基酮化合物的步骤。 本发明产生具有高对映选择性和高纯度的α-氨基氧基酮和α-羟基酮化合物。 本发明还涉及催化不对称的O-亚硝基醛醇/迈克尔反应。 该反应的底物通常为环状α,β-不饱和酮底物和亚硝基。 该方法通常包括在脯氨酸基催化剂存在下使环状α,β-不饱和酮底物和亚硝基底物反应,得到杂环产物。

    Fuel cell system
    44.
    发明授权
    Fuel cell system 有权
    燃料电池系统

    公开(公告)号:US08182951B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-05-22

    申请号:US12828710

    申请日:2010-07-01

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04 H01M8/10

    摘要: To provide a fuel cell system provided with a polymer electrolyte fuel cell which is excellent in the power generation characteristics under high temperature and low or no humidity conditions.A fuel cell system 20 comprising a polymer electrolyte fuel cell 22 having a membrane/electrode assembly 10 having a catalyst layer containing a polymer (H) which has repeating units based on a perfluoromonomer having an alicyclic structure and has ion exchange groups, a temperature controlling means for controlling temperature of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 22, a temperature sensor 38 for detecting temperature of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 22, and a controlling device 40 for controlling the temperature controlling means based on temperature information from the temperature sensor 38 so that the maximum temperature of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell 22 becomes within the range of from 90 to 140° C.

    摘要翻译: 提供一种设置有在高温低湿条件下发电特性优异的聚合物电解质型燃料电池的燃料电池系统。 一种燃料电池系统20,包括具有膜/电极组件10的聚合物电解质燃料电池22,所述膜/电极组件10具有含有聚合物(H)的催化剂层,所述聚合物(H)具有基于具有脂环结构的全氟单体的重复单元并具有离子交换基团,温度控制 用于控制聚合物电解质燃料电池22的温度的装置,用于检测聚合物电解质燃料电池22的温度的温度传感器38,以及用于基于来自温度传感器38的温度信息来控制温度控制装置的控制装置40, 聚合物电解质燃料电池22的最高温度在90〜140℃的范围内。

    Etching amount calculating method, storage medium, and etching amount calculating apparatus
    45.
    发明授权
    Etching amount calculating method, storage medium, and etching amount calculating apparatus 有权
    蚀刻量计算方法,存储介质和蚀刻量计算装置

    公开(公告)号:US08014891B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-09-06

    申请号:US12353457

    申请日:2009-01-14

    申请人: Susumu Saito

    发明人: Susumu Saito

    摘要: An etching amount calculating method that can stably and accurately calculate the amount of etching even if a disturbance is added. Superposed interference light resulting from superposition of interference light of reflected light from a mask film and reflected light from the bottom of a concave portion on other interference light is received. A waveform in a predetermined time period is extracted from a superposed interference wave calculated from the superposed interference light. The period of an interference wave of the reflected light from the mask film and the reflected light from the bottom is detected from the distribution of frequencies of the extracted waveform. The steps described above are repeated while shifting the predetermined time period by a predetermined time, and the detected periods are integrated and averaged at each repetition. The etching amount of the concave portion is calculated based on the integrated and averaged periods.

    摘要翻译: 即使添加了干扰,也能够稳定,准确地计算蚀刻量的蚀刻量计算方法。 接收来自掩模膜的反射光的干涉光的叠加和来自凹部的底部的反射光在其他干涉光上的叠加干涉光。 从叠加干涉光计算的叠加干扰波中提取预定时间段内的波形。 从提取的波形的频率的分布中检测来自掩模膜的反射光的干涉波的周期和来自底部的反射光的周期。 在将预定时间段移动预定时间的同时重复上述步骤,并且在每次重复时对所检测的周期进行积分和平均。 基于积分和平均周期来计算凹部的蚀刻量。

    Method for producing alcohol by hydrogenating lactone and carboxylic acid ester in liquid phase
    46.
    发明授权
    Method for producing alcohol by hydrogenating lactone and carboxylic acid ester in liquid phase 有权
    通过在液相中氢化内酯和羧酸酯来生产醇的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08013193B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-09-06

    申请号:US12594577

    申请日:2008-04-02

    IPC分类号: C07C29/149

    摘要: Disclosed is a method for producing an alcohol from a lactone or a carboxylic acid ester, which enables to produce an alcohol from a lactone or a carboxylic acid ester under relatively mild conditions with high yield and high catalytic efficiency. This method also enables to produce an optically active alcohol from an optically active lactone or an optically active carboxylic acid ester. Specifically disclosed is a method for producing an alcohol by hydrogen reducing a lactone or a carboxylic acid ester in the presence of a catalyst containing ruthenium and a phosphine compound represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 represents a spacer; R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group; and R8, R9, R10, R11, R12 and R13 independently represent an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group.

    摘要翻译: 公开了一种从内酯或羧酸酯制备醇的方法,其能够在相对温和的条件下以高产率和高催化效率从内酯或羧酸酯制备醇。 该方法还能够从光学活性的内酯或光学活性的羧酸酯制备光学活性的醇。 具体公开的是通过在含有钌的催化剂和由以下通式(1)表示的膦化合物的存在下氢还原内酯或羧酸酯来制备醇的方法:其中R1表示间隔基; R2,R3,R4,R5,R6和R7独立地表示氢原子,具有1-12个碳原子的烷基,芳基或杂环基; 并且R 8,R 9,R 10,R 11,R 12和R 13独立地表示具有1-12个碳原子的烷基,芳基或杂环基。

    PLASMA PROCESSING APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING ACCURATE END POINT DETECTION
    47.
    发明申请
    PLASMA PROCESSING APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING ACCURATE END POINT DETECTION 有权
    用于执行精确的端点检测的等离子体处理装置

    公开(公告)号:US20100089532A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-04-15

    申请号:US12637955

    申请日:2009-12-15

    IPC分类号: H01L21/3065

    摘要: A plasma processing apparatus for generating a plasma of a processing gas by applying a high frequency power to an electrode provided in a processing chamber and processing a substrate using the plasma is provided. The plasma processing apparatus includes an optical data detection unit, a data storage unit and a control unit. The optical data detection unit detects optical data when plasma processing the substrate. The data storage unit stores correlation data representing a correlation between type data corresponding to a plurality of types classified based on a type of a mask or a film to be processed disposed on the substrate and optical data to be detected by the optical data detection unit, and end point detection setting data sets, each of the setting data sets serving to detect a plasma processing end point and corresponding to one of the types.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种等离子体处理装置,其通过向设置在处理室中的电极施加高频功率并使用等离子体处理衬底来产生处理气体的等离子体。 等离子体处理装置包括光学数据检测单元,数据存储单元和控制单元。 光学数据检测单元在等离子体处理衬底时检测光学数据。 数据存储单元存储表示与基于掩膜的类型分类的多种类型的类型数据之间的相关性的相关性数据,以及由光学数据检测单元检测的要被检测的光学数据, 和终点检测设定数据组,每个设定数据组用于检测等离子体处理终点并对应于其中一种类型。

    POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE FOR POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS, AND MEMBRANE/ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY
    48.
    发明申请
    POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE FOR POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS, AND MEMBRANE/ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY 有权
    用于聚合物电解质燃料电池的聚合物电解质膜和膜/电极组件

    公开(公告)号:US20100009236A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-01-14

    申请号:US12483315

    申请日:2009-06-12

    IPC分类号: H01M8/10

    摘要: To provide a polymer electrolyte membrane for polymer electrolyte fuel cells having high mechanical strength and excellent dimensional stability when it contains water even when it is made thin and the concentration of ionic groups is increased so as to reduce the electrical resistance, and a membrane/electrode assembly providing high output and having excellent durability.A polymer electrolyte membrane 15, which comprises a fluorinated proton conductive polymer (i) having a proton conductivity of at least 0.06 S/cm in an atmosphere at a temperature of 80° C. under a relative humidity of 50%, and (ii) having repeating units based on a vinyl ether type monomer with a mass (equivalent weight) of at most 400 per 1 mol of ionic groups and repeating units based on a perfluoromonomer (except for the above vinyl ether type monomer) and a fluorinated reinforcing material; and a membrane/electrode assembly 10 comprising the polymer electrolyte membrane 15 interposed between an anode 13 and a cathode 14.

    摘要翻译: 为了提供具有高机械强度和优异的尺寸稳定性的高分子电解质膜的高分子电解质膜,即使在含有水的情况下也含有水分,并且提高离子基团的浓度以降低电阻,并且提供膜/电极 组装提供高输出并具有优异的耐久性。 在相对湿度为50%的温度为80℃的气氛中,包含质子传导率为0.06S / cm以上的质子传导性聚合物(i)的高分子电解质膜15,(ii) 具有基于每1mol离子基质量(当量)至多400个/基于全氟单体(除上述乙烯基醚型单体除外)和氟化增强材料的重复单元)的乙烯基醚型单体的重复单元; 以及包含介于阳极13和阴极14之间的聚合物电解质膜15的膜/电极组件10。

    Ion generator and neutralizer
    49.
    发明授权
    Ion generator and neutralizer 有权
    离子发生器和中和器

    公开(公告)号:US07612981B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-11-03

    申请号:US12010928

    申请日:2008-01-31

    IPC分类号: H01T23/00 G03G15/02 H05F3/00

    CPC分类号: A61L9/22 H01T23/00

    摘要: The present invention is relating to an ion generator and an ionizer, in which the ion generator can obtain stable ion generation even if the electrode and the power supply slightly change, satisfies voltage and frequency conditions for realizing an ozone concentration less than 50 ppb as an allowable concentration. The ion generator of the present invention is characterized as a fan-type ion generator including a dielectric body, a discharge electrode having fine protrusions arranged on the surface of this dielectric body, and an induction electrode arranged on the back surface of the dielectric body, comprising: an ion element in which by applying a sinusoidal AC high voltage to the discharge electrode, a potential difference from the induction electrode is generated, plasma is formed on the surface of the dielectric body, and positive ions, negative ions, and ozone are produced according to air ionization; and a fan which generates an airflow with respect to the discharge electrode, wherein the peak-to-peak voltage is not less than 3.5 kV and not more than 7 kV, the frequency f, and the relationship between the voltage V and the frequency f satisfies a specific parameter. And, the ionizer of the present invention is characterized that ionization is performed by using the above mentioned fan-type ion generator.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种离子发生器和离子发生器,其中即使电极和电源稍微改变,离子发生器也可获得稳定的离子产生,满足用于实现小于50ppb的臭氧浓度的电压和频率条件,作为 容许浓度 本发明的离子发生器的特征在于:一种风扇式离子发生器,其包括电介质体,具有设置在该电介质体表面上的微细突起的放电电极,以及布置在电介质体的背面上的感应电极, 包括:离子元件,其中通过向放电电极施加正弦AC高电压,产生与感应电极的电位差,在电介质体的表面上形成等离子体,正离子,负离子和臭氧为 根据空气电离产生; 以及相对于放电电极产生气流的风扇,其峰值电压不小于3.5kV且不大于7kV,频率f以及电压V与频率f之间的关系 满足特定参数。 并且,本发明的电离器的特征在于,使用上述风扇式离子发生器进行离子化。

    FLUOROSULFONYL GROUP-CONTAINING COMPOUND, METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION AND POLYMER THEREOF
    50.
    发明申请
    FLUOROSULFONYL GROUP-CONTAINING COMPOUND, METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION AND POLYMER THEREOF 有权
    含氟聚合物的含氟化合物,其生产方法及其聚合物

    公开(公告)号:US20090187044A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-07-23

    申请号:US12410524

    申请日:2009-03-25

    IPC分类号: C07C309/82

    摘要: A compound containing two fluorosulfonyl groups which are groups convertible to sulfonic acid groups, an intermediate therefor, and methods for their production with high productivity, are provided. Also provided are a fluorosulfonyl group-containing polymer obtained by polymerizing such a compound, and a sulfonic acid group-containing polymer obtained from such a polymer.A method for producing a compound of the following formula (m0), such a compound, a fluorosulfonyl group-containing polymer obtained by polymerizing such a compound, and a sulfonic acid group-containing polymer obtained from such a polymer, provided that RF01 is a single bond or a C1-6 bivalent perfluoro organic group, RF02 is a C1-6 bivalent perfluoro organic group, and n is 0 or 1:

    摘要翻译: 提供了含有可转化成磺酸基团的两个氟磺酰基的化合物,其中间体,以及高生产率的生产方法。 还提供了通过聚合这种化合物获得的含氟磺酰基的聚合物和由这种聚合物获得的含磺酸基的聚合物。 制备下式(m0)化合物的方法,该化合物,通过聚合该化合物得到的含氟磺酰基的聚合物和由这种聚合物得到的含磺酸基的聚合物,条件是RF01为 单键或C1-6二价全氟有机基团,RF02为C1-6二价全氟有机基团,n为0或1: