摘要:
An optical heterodyne detector comprising means for causing two light beams to interfere with each other and producing interference light beams thereof, a streak camera for receiving the interference light beams and analyzing means for analyzing an output of the streak camera, thereby to detect a beat frequency of the two light beams.
摘要:
A voltage detecting device for detecting voltages in an object under test including an electro-optic material covering a plurality of parts of the object under test; the refractive index of the electro-optic material being variable according to an applied voltage. A light source emits light through the electro-optic material toward the object under test and a detecting device receives an emergent light beam reflected from within the electro-optic material in order to detect voltages in the object. Further, a scanning device automatically scans the object under test with the light beam in order to detect voltages at a plurality of locations on the object.
摘要:
In a voltage detector using an electro-optic material whose refractive index is changed by a voltage developing in a selected area of an object under test, an end portion of the electro-optic material has a corner-cube shape, whereby the detection of the voltage can be accurately achieved substantially being free from the influence of the input light tilt to the optical axis.
摘要:
An apparatus for optically observing a wavefront from an object on real-time basis to determine an optical characteristic of the object and observing two-dimensional images at positions taken in the direction of the depth of a three-dimensional object, that is, equidistant images on real-time basis, using four-wave mixing technique.
摘要:
A low noise pulsed light source using a laser diode for generating a short pulsed light of a high repetitive frequency. The low noise pulsed light source includes a laser diode drived by an electric pulse generator for emitting repetitive pulsed light; a current source for supplying a bias current to the laser diode; and a photodetector for detecting the repetitive pulsed light emitted from the laser diode; and control means. The control means modulates at least one of the bias current from the current source and the amplitude of a pulse signal generated from the electric pulse generator in accordance with an output signal from the photodetector such that the intensity of the pulsed light is kept unchanged and any noise involved in the same is reduced.
摘要:
A liquid crystal device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first alignment layer disposed on the liquid crystal layer side of the first substrate, and a second alignment layer disposed on the liquid crystal layer side of the second substrate. At least one of the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer is made of an inorganic porous film having pores exposed at its surface and grooves to control the orientation of the liquid crystal layer.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a liquid crystal device which includes first and second substrates which face each other and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and transitions an alignment state of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer from a spray alignment to a bend alignment to perform display or optical modulation, the liquid crystal device including: a protrusion which is provided on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate at the side of the liquid crystal layer and has a concave portion; and an alignment film which is provided on the surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate at the side of the liquid crystal layer so as to cover the surface of the protrusion including the concave portion.
摘要:
A method characterized by making modulated light having a predetermined modulation frequency component, incident to a scattering medium, receiving the modulated light having propagated inside the scattering medium to acquire measurement signals, detecting signals of the foregoing modulation frequency component from the measurement signals, obtaining amplitudes and inclinations of phase against modulation angular frequency, of the signals of the foregoing modulation frequency component, calculating a difference between absorption coefficients being primary information, based on a predetermined relation among the amplitudes, the inclinations of phase against modulation angular frequency and the difference between absorption coefficients, and calculating a difference of concentration of an absorptive constituent being secondary information, based on the difference between absorption coefficients.
摘要:
A measuring apparatus of absorption information of scattering medium, comprising a light source for generating pulsed light, a light incidence section for making the pulsed light incident to a scattering medium, a light receiving section for receiving the light having propagated inside the measured object, a signal detecting section for temporally cutting a portion out of a light signal obtained by the light receiving section to acquire a measurement signal corresponding to the cut-out signal, a first arithmetic section for performing a measurement for acquiring measurement signals respectively at plural different timings or the like and for deriving a time integration value and a mean optical pathlength for each of the plural measurement signals obtained, and a second arithmetic section for calculating a change amount of concentration of an absorptive constituent, based on a predetermined relation among plural time integration values, plural mean optical pathlengths, an absorption coefficient per unit concentration of the absorptive constituent, and the change amount of concentration of the absorptive constituent.
摘要:
An apparatus and method are provided for measuring a scattering medium containing a light absorbing substance. The apparatus includes a light source; a photodetector; a gate voltage applying circuit for applying gate voltage pulses to the photodetector at a plurality of detection timings in order to generate the photodetector output light detection signals corresponding to the intensity of the light during periods of application of the pulses; and a signal processing unit for obtaining signal intensities during the periods and calculating internal information of the scattering medium based on the signal intensities.