Abstract:
Provided are an apparatus and method for improving transmission control protocol (TCP) performance using path recovery notification over a wireless network. The apparatus includes: a path recovery manager which detects a mobile host recovered from a temporary disconnection state and then outputs a detection signal to notify the detection result; a path recovery notification manager which receives the detection signal and generates an ACK (acknowledgement) packet to inform a transmitting end that the mobile host is recovered; and a first packet transceiver which transmits/receives the generated ACK packet and a data packet. Accordingly, a temporary disconnection state of a wireless network is explicitly informed to a transmitting end so as to transmit only lost packets without performing unnecessary congestion control, thereby improving TCP performance.
Abstract:
Provided are an additive to an electrode for a fuel cell that is a proton conductive compound having at least one phosphate group, an electrode for a fuel cell including the same, a method of manufacturing the electrode for a fuel cell, and a fuel cell using the electrode. The additive to an electrode for a fuel cell improves the durability of a fuel cell and reduces the amount of phosphoric acid discharged during operation of the fuel cell by fixing the phosphoric acid. Accordingly, a fuel cell having improved efficiency may be prepared using the additive because of improved proton conductivity and durability.
Abstract:
Provided is a buffer system for adjusting first-in first-out, more particularly, a buffer system that temporarily stores a plurality of substrates and is capable of adjusting first-in first-out. The buffer system includes one or more buffer layers having shafts and rollers fitted and fixed to the shafts so as to temporarily store or transfer substrates, a vertically moving unit moving the buffer layers up or down such that a buffer layer having thereon a substrate to be transferred is connected to a driving unit, and the driving unit rotating the shafts of the buffer layer having thereon the substrate to be transferred to transfer the substrate.
Abstract:
A proton conductor includes a molecule with a hydroxy group arranged at a terminal end and an ether-based functional group arranged at an α-carbon position. The proton conductor may be used to impregnate a polymer matrix to form a polymer electrolyte.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a portable personal air purifier in which there are mounted a purifier body configured to have a shape that can be carried by a user and to purify air by means of a filter, a ventilation body connected to the purifier body and configured to communicate air, and a respiration mechanism connected to the ventilation body, and configured to suck purified air; wherein the purifier body is configured such that a filter accommodating space is formed in a casing so that a filter is inserted thereinto, and the filter accommodating space has a structure in which the filter can be withdrawn in one direction; and wherein the respiration mechanism separates a ventilation line for air flowing from the purifier body and a ventilation line for air exhaled from the user.
Abstract:
A redox flow battery. A metal-ligand coordination compound including an aromatic ligand that contains an electron withdrawing group is used as the catholyte and/or the anolyte so that a redox flow battery having high energy density and excellent charge/discharge efficiency may be provided.
Abstract:
A redox flow battery includes a positive electrode electrolyte and a negative electrode electrolyte, each of which includes a metal-ligand coordination complex, in which a metal of a metal-ligand coordination complex of the positive electrode electrolyte is different from a metal of a metal-ligand coordination complex of the negative electrode electrolyte. Due to use of different metals in the positive and negative electrode electrolytes, the redox flow battery has high energy density and high charge and discharge efficiency.
Abstract:
Topology input is used to identify a set of data flows as between a set of virtual machines (VMs), as well as one or more network services for one or more of the data flows. A determination is made as to a minimal number of network service virtual machines (NSVMs) for use in providing the one or more network services. An arrangement is determined for server resources and network resources of the data center network on which a virtual network topology is provided for the tenant, including the set of VMs and the number of NSVMs.
Abstract:
Organic/inorganic complex proton conductors are provided which display high proton conductivity over a wide temperature range. Electrodes for fuel cells which include the organic/inorganic complex proton conductors are also provided. The invention also advantageously provides electrolyte membranes for fuel cells including the organic/inorganic complex proton conductors, and fuel cells including the organic/inorganic complex proton conductors.
Abstract:
A solid proton conductor for a fuel cell and a fuel cell employing the solid proton conductor, the solid proton conductor including a sulfonated polymer, and a hydrophilic polymer having an acid group, constituting a polymer solvent, providing a proton mobile path.