公开(公告)号：US4383910A

公开(公告)日：1983-05-17

申请号：US265900

申请日：1981-05-21

申请人： Nolan E. Richards

发明人： Nolan E. Richards

IPC分类号： C25C3/08 ,  C25B11/12

CPC分类号： C25C3/08

摘要： An improved alumina reduction cell is described in which the carbonaceous cathode includes refractory hard metal tiles projecting upwardly from the cell surface thereof, forming the true cathode surface, and a solid layer of alumina and cryolite beneath the molten aluminum produced within the cell and the alumina-cryolite bath from which the molten aluminum is obtained. This bottom alumina-cryolite layer protects the refractory hard metal-carbonaceous interface from attack by the molten aluminum, increasing the useful life of the cell.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种改进的氧化铝还原电池，其中碳质阴极包括从其电池表面向上突出的难熔硬金属砖，形成真正的阴极表面，以及在电池内产生的熔融铝下面的氧化铝和冰晶石的固体层，氧化铝 - 从其获得熔融铝的冰晶石浴。 该底部氧化铝 - 冰晶石层保护难熔硬金属 - 碳质界面免受熔融铝侵蚀，增加了电池的使用寿命。

公开(公告)号：US4355008A

公开(公告)日：1982-10-19

申请号：US255553

申请日：1981-04-20

申请人： Wendell E. Dunn, Jr.

发明人： Wendell E. Dunn, Jr.

IPC分类号： C01F7/00 ,  C01F7/02 ,  C01F7/56 ,  C01G49/00 ,  C01G35/00 ,  C01G49/10

CPC分类号： C01F7/56 ,  C01F7/002 ,  C01F7/02 ,  C01G49/009

摘要： There is described a method for producing alumina from a material containing alumina values via a chlorination step which process comprises the steps of:(A) dehydrating the material, if necessary, at a temperature of between about 500 and about 1300.degree. K;(B) chlorinating the product of step (A) in the presence of chlorine and carbon at a temperature below about 1200.degree. K and under conditions which provide chlorination of a majority of the iron present in the clay without substantial chlorination of titania values which may be present therein with concommittant formation of an iron chloride cloud above the surface of the chlorination reaction mixture;(C) introducing oxygen into the iron chloride cloud under conditions to cause oxidation of a majority of the iron chloride contained in the cloud;(D) chlorinating the non-gaseous product of step (B) in the presence of chlorine and carbon at a temperature above about 1300.degree. K but below the fusion temperature of silica containing components and under conditions sufficient to chlorinate substantially entirely the alumina, titania and silica values contained therein;(E) reducing and condensing any iron chloride contained with the aluminum chloride in one or more iron chloride condensation stages;(F) absorbing the aluminum chloride under high temperature conditions with an alkali chloride or mixture of alkali chlorides to form an ionic alkali aluminum chloride complex;(G) selectively condensing the product of step (F) to produce a purified alkali metal/aluminum chloride comples;(H) hydrolysing the alkali metal/aluminum chloride complex with steam to produce alumina and hydrochloric acid.

摘要翻译： 描述了通过氯化步骤从含有氧化铝值的材料生产氧化铝的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：（A）如果需要，在大约500和大约1300℃之间的温度下将材料脱水; （B）在低于约1200℃的温度下，在氯和碳存在下氯化步骤（A）的产物，并且在存在于粘土中的大部分铁的氯化处理的条件下，氯化二氧化钛值不会显着氯化， 在其中存在氯化反应混合物表面上方形成氯化铁云; （C）在包含在云中的大部分氯化铁氧化的条件下，将氧气引入氯化铁云中; （D）在氯和碳的存在下，在高于约1300℃的温度下氯化步骤（B）的非气态产物，但低于含二氧化硅的组分的熔融温度，并且足以使氧化铝，二氧化钛基本上完全氯化的条件下 并含有二氧化硅值; （E）在一个或多个氯化铁凝结级中还原和冷凝氯化铝中含有的氯化铁; （F）在高温条件下用氯化碱或碱式氯化物的混合物吸收氯化铝以形成离子碱性氯化铝络合物; （G）选择性地冷凝步骤（F）的产物以产生纯化的碱金属/氯化铝混合物; （H）用蒸汽水解碱金属/氯化铝络合物，生成氧化铝和盐酸。

公开(公告)号：US4349100A

公开(公告)日：1982-09-14

申请号：US192010

申请日：1980-09-29

申请人： John R. McLean

发明人： John R. McLean

IPC分类号： B65G13/07 ,  B65G13/075 ,  B65G13/06

CPC分类号： B65G13/07 ,  B65G13/075

摘要： A conveyor system is disclosed in which a plurality of free-wheeling conveyor rollers are rotated by means of a driven belt which intermittently contacts the conveyor rollers when driven motion is desired. The rollers may also be braked by means of a second belt member which may contact the conveyor rollers at those times when the driven belt is out of contact with the rollers.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种输送机系统，其中当需要驱动运动时，多个续流输送辊通过从动带旋转，该从动带间歇地接触输送辊。 辊子也可以通过第二带构件制动，第二带构件可在从动带与辊不接触的时候接触输送辊。

公开(公告)号：US4341611A

公开(公告)日：1982-07-27

申请号：US217774

申请日：1980-12-18

申请人： Howard I. Kaplan

发明人： Howard I. Kaplan

IPC分类号： C25C3/08

CPC分类号： C25C3/08

摘要： An improved alumina reduction cell is described in which the carbonaceous cathode includes refractory hard metal tiles forming the surface in contact with molten aluminum formed in the cell and intermediate tiles separating the refractory hard metal tiles from the carbonaceous cathode to prevent reaction between refractory hard metal tiles and the carbonaceous cathode in the presence of the molten aluminum.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种改进的氧化铝还原电池，其中碳质阴极包括形成与电池中形成的熔融铝接触的表面的耐火硬金瓷砖和将耐火硬金属砖与碳质阴极分离的中间瓦，以防止耐火硬金属砖之间的反应 和碳酸阴极在熔融铝的存在下。

公开(公告)号：US4331645A

公开(公告)日：1982-05-25

申请号：US255551

申请日：1981-04-20

申请人： Wendell E. Dunn, Jr.

发明人： Wendell E. Dunn, Jr.

IPC分类号： C01F7/02

CPC分类号： C01F7/02 ,  Y10S423/16

摘要： A method for the production of reduction cell grade alumina from alkali metal/aluminum chloride complexes comprising the steps of:A. reacting the alkali metal/aluminum chloride complexes with oxygen in a three phase fluidized bed comprising:(I) as a solid phase, particles or pebbles of alumina of at least about 1/16" in average diameter;(II) as a gaseous phase oxygen fed at a rate to provide a fluidizing gas velocity above about 8'/sec.; and(III) as a liquid phase coating the particles of alumina an alkali metal/aluminum chloride complexes; andB. separating the product solids from the gases exiting the fluidized bed.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从碱金属/氯化铝络合物制备还原电池级氧化铝的方法，包括以下步骤：A.在三相流化床中使碱金属/氯化铝络合物与氧反应，所述三相流化床包含：（I）作为固相， 平均直径为至少约1/16“的氧化铝颗粒或卵石; （II）作为以提供高于约8'/秒的流化气体速度的速率供给的气相氧气; 和（III）作为液相涂覆氧化铝颗粒的碱金属/氯化铝络合物; 和B.将产物固体与离开流化床的气体分离。

公开(公告)号：US4317585A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-02

申请号：US154615

申请日：1980-05-30

申请人： Elvin G. Boice

发明人： Elvin G. Boice

IPC分类号： E21B12/02 ,  E21B17/042 ,  F16L15/00

CPC分类号： F16L15/001 ,  E21B17/006 ,  E21B17/042 ,  Y10S116/21

摘要： Suitable marks on protected places at opposite ends of a drill pipe make it possible to inspect the pipe after it has been used in a drill string to determine whether it has been subjected to excessive torque in the course of its previous use, so that it should not be used again in a new string. This reduces the risk of any pipe breaking in the new string, which would cause great trouble and expense.

摘要翻译： 在钻杆的相对两端的受保护位置上的适当标记使得在将其用于钻柱中以确定其在先前使用过程中是否受到过大扭矩的情况下可以检查管道，使得应当 不能在新的字符串中再次使用。 这样可以减少新产品中任何管道破裂的风险，这将导致很大的麻烦和费用。

公开(公告)号：US4312852A

公开(公告)日：1982-01-26

申请号：US175925

申请日：1980-08-06

申请人： John L. Dewey

发明人： John L. Dewey

IPC分类号： C01B21/40 ,  C01B21/42

CPC分类号： C01B21/40

摘要： There is described a process for the reconstitution of NO.sub.X gases produced by the thermal decomposition of metal nitrates to nitric acid comprising the steps of:1. contacting the NO.sub.X gases in counter-current relationship in one or more packed columns with cooled 50 to 60 percent nitric acid to remove as nitric acid a major portion of the originally introduced NO.sub.X values and provide an acid solution leaving the column having a temperature below about 180.degree. F. to remove as nitric acid a major portion of the originally introduced NO.sub.X values;2. compressing the residual gases from step 1 to from about 2 to about 6 atmospheres absolute;3. contacting the compressed gases from step 2 with from about 50 to about 60 percent nitric acid in a packed absorption column in counter-current relationship to remove substantially all of the remaining NO.sub.X values from the gas stream as HNO.sub.3 ; and4. recovering 50-60% nitric acid as it accumulates.

摘要翻译： 描述了通过将金属硝酸盐热分解产生的NO x气体重构为硝酸的方法，包括以下步骤：1.将一种或多种填充柱中的NOX气体以逆流关系与冷却的50至60％ 硝酸作为最初引入的NOX值的主要部分硝酸除去，并提供离开柱子的酸溶液，其温度低于约180°F，以除去作为最初引入的NOX值的主要部分的硝酸; 2.将来自步骤1的残余气体压缩至约2至约6大气压绝对值; 3.将来自步骤2的压缩气体与填充吸收塔中的约50％至约60％的硝酸以逆流关系接触，从而从气流中基本上除去所有剩余的NO x值，作为HNO 3; 并回收50-60％的硝酸积累。

公开(公告)号：US4254910A

公开(公告)日：1981-03-10

申请号：US83581

申请日：1979-10-11

申请人： James P. Martin

发明人： James P. Martin

IPC分类号： A61L9/01 ,  A61L9/12 ,  A61L9/04

CPC分类号： A61L9/12 ,  A61L9/01 ,  Y10S428/905

摘要： A packaging system for the controlled release of volatile substances is disclosed. This packaging system comprises a pair of outer vapor-impermeable barrier layers and a vapor-permeable central layer which is bonded to each of the pair of vapor-impermeable outer layers, with the volatile material being contained between the central vapor-permeable layer and each of the outer vapor-impermeable barrier layers. The central vapor-permeable layer is formed from a pair of vapor-permeable webs which are bonded to one another. The strength of the bond holding the vapor-permeable webs together is less than the strength of the bond between the vapor-permeable central layer and each of the outer vapor-impermeable barrier layers such that upon exerting a separating force on the outer vapor-impermeable barrier layers the central vapor-permeable webs will split, forming a pair of vapor-permeating members.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于控释挥发物质的包装系统。 该包装系统包括一对外部不透气阻挡层和透气性中心层，该中心层粘合到一对不透气外层中，其中挥发性物质包含在中心透气层与每个 的外部不透气阻挡层。 中心透气层由一对彼此粘合的透气性网构成。 保持蒸气可渗透的纤维网在一起的粘合强度小于透气中心层与每个外部不透气阻挡层之间的结合强度，使得当在外部不透气网层上施加分离力时 阻挡层，中心蒸气渗透性网将分裂，形成一对蒸气渗透构件。

公开(公告)号：UST993002I4

公开(公告)日：1980-04-01

申请号：US43242

申请日：1979-05-29

申请人： Howard I. Kaplan ,  Jerry H. Bryce ,  Thomas J. Johnston ,  Jan M. Pottinger ,  Curtis J. McMinn ,  Alton T. Tabereaux ,  John T. Willett ,  Nolan E. Richards

发明人： Howard I. Kaplan ,  Jerry H. Bryce ,  Thomas J. Johnston ,  Jan M. Pottinger ,  Curtis J. McMinn ,  Alton T. Tabereaux ,  John T. Willett ,  Nolan E. Richards

IPC分类号： C25C3/08

CPC分类号： C25C3/08

摘要： The disclosure pertains to alumina reduction cells which employ refractory materials to provide a molten-aluminum contacting surface for the cathode. Specifically, configurations and methods are described according to which refractory hard metal tiles are secured to a carbonaceous substrate to produce composites suitable for constructing a molten-aluminum contacting surface for the use stated. The tiles are wettable by molten aluminum and are inert chemically to the reduction cell electrolyte. Configurations for coupling and interlocking such tiles are also described. When the tiles are coupled or interlocked in the manner taught, it is possible to achieve a built-up refractory surface which remains chemically and mechanically stable in a reduction cell environment. The refractory hard metal materials used are included among the borides, nitrides and carbides of Group IV, V, and VI of the Periodic System, particularly compounds of titanium and zirconium, and especially titanium-diboride and titanium-diboride aluminum-nitride mixtures.

公开(公告)号：US4192722A

公开(公告)日：1980-03-11

申请号：US927915

申请日：1978-07-25

申请人： Daniel J. Schardein ,  Charles M. Rogers ,  Diane N. Vice

发明人： Daniel J. Schardein ,  Charles M. Rogers ,  Diane N. Vice

IPC分类号： C23C18/31 ,  C25D5/44 ,  C25D5/10 ,  C23C3/02

CPC分类号： C25D5/44 ,  C23C18/31

摘要： A composition and method for deoxidation or "activation" treatment of aluminum according to the stannate process in an alkaline tin solution, for either immersion or electrolytic plating of aluminum with tin, that provides an adherent tin layer and extends the allocable elapsed transfer time, between the activation bath and bronze strike bath, from the 20 seconds of the prior art to up to 2 minutes or more, whereby the stannate method for depositing tin on heavy parts such as aluminum automobile bumpers is commercially practicable for automatic plating of certain aluminum alloys such as alloy 7029.

摘要翻译： 根据锡酸盐工艺在碱性锡溶液中对铝进行脱氧或“活化”处理的组合物和方法，用于浸锡或电解电镀铝的锡，其提供粘附的锡层并延长可分配的经过的转移时间， 激活浴和青铜冲洗浴，从现有技术的20秒到最多2分钟或更长时间，由此在诸如铝汽车保险杠的重型部件上沉积锡的锡酸盐法可商业上用于某些铝合金的自动电镀 作为合金7029。