公开(公告)号：US4752727A

公开(公告)日：1988-06-21

申请号：US765726

申请日：1985-08-15

申请人： Georg Schneider

发明人： Georg Schneider

IPC分类号： G01N27/22 ,  G01F1/712 ,  G01P5/18 ,  G01P5/00

CPC分类号： G01F1/712 ,  G01P5/18

摘要： The arrangement includes a capacitive probe comprising pairs of sensor electrodes, arranged in a pseudo-random sequence, with which a common transmitting electrode is associated. The transmitting electrode is fed by an electrical voltage source and to the sensor electrodes of each pair an electrode circuit is connected which generates an output signal which corresponds to the difference of the displacement currents induced in the sensor electrodes. The electronic circuit is constructed such that it maintains the sensor electrodes at any time at a virtual ground potential. For this purpose each sensor electrode may be connected to the inverting input of an operational amplifier whose non-inverting input lies at the potential at which the sensor electrodes are to be held with respect to the supply voltage. The sensed signal is used in a correlative measurement of speed or travel time.

摘要翻译： 该装置包括电容式探针，其包括以伪随机序列布置的传感器电极对，公共传输电极与该电容探针相关联。 发射电极由电压源馈送到每对传感器电极，连接电极电路，其产生对应于在传感器电极中感应的位移电流的差的输出信号。 电子电路被构造成使得其在任何时间将传感器电极维持在虚拟接地电位。 为此，每个传感器电极可以连接到运算放大器的反相输入，其非反相输入位于相对于电源电压保持传感器电极的电位。 感测到的信号用于速度或行进时间的相关测量。

公开(公告)号：US4718285A

公开(公告)日：1988-01-12

申请号：US852521

申请日：1986-04-16

申请人： Helmut Pfeiffer

发明人： Helmut Pfeiffer

IPC分类号： G01F1/28 ,  B23Q1/36 ,  F16C29/00 ,  G01F1/30 ,  G01G11/00 ,  G01F1/20

CPC分类号： F16C29/00 ,  B23Q1/36 ,  G01F1/30

摘要： The bulk flow meter comprises a baffle plate which is arranged inclined in the fall path of the bulk material to be measured and is carried by a rigid support which is mounted displaceably in the direction of a horizontal axis on at least two spring systems which are spaced apart from each other and secured on the one hand to the baffle plate support and on the other hand to the frame, each spring system having at least one pair of spring members arranged opposite each other on either side of the baffle plate support. Each spring member is formed by a corrugated diaphragm section with vertically extending corrugations. The corrugated diaphragms provide a mounting of the baffle plate support with high transverse stability so that it is possible to arrange the baffle plate without modifying the suspension optionally in the longitudinal direction of the baffle plate support or in the transverse direction laterally adjacent the baffle plate support.

摘要翻译： 本体流量计包括挡板，该挡板在要测量的散装材料的下落路径中倾斜设置，并且由刚性支撑件承载，该刚性支撑件在至少两个间隔开的弹簧系统的水平轴线方向上可移动地安装 彼此分离并且一方面固定在挡板支撑件上，另一方面固定在框架上，每个弹簧系统具有在挡板支撑件的任一侧彼此相对布置的至少一对弹簧构件。 每个弹簧构件由具有垂直延伸的波纹的波纹隔膜部分形成。 波纹隔膜提供了具有高横向稳定性的挡板支撑件的安装，使得可以在挡板支撑件的纵向方向上或横向方向上侧向邻近挡板支撑件而布置挡板而不改变悬架 。

公开(公告)号：US4718284A

公开(公告)日：1988-01-12

申请号：US852425

申请日：1986-04-16

申请人： Helmut Pfeiffer

发明人： Helmut Pfeiffer

IPC分类号： G01F1/28 ,  G01F1/20 ,  G01F1/30 ,  G01G11/00

CPC分类号： G01F1/206 ,  G01F1/30

摘要： A bulk flow meter having an inclined baffle plate disposed within a conveying space in the path of a bulk material to be measured is provided. The meter includes a measuring chamber that is separated from the conveying space by a partition. The baffle plate is carried by a baffle plate support which is horizontally movable under the impact of the bulk material and which includes a rod-shaped connecting member that extends through an opening in the partition. A dust protector is provided for preventing dirt and dust from entering the measuring chamber from the conveying space. The dust protector includes a rigid tube that surrounds a portion of the length of the rod-shaped connecting member on the baffle-side of the partition. Flexible diaphragms are provided for connecting the rigid tube to the partition and to the rod-shaped connecting member.

摘要翻译： 提供一种具有设置在待测量的散装材料的路径中的输送空间内的倾斜挡板的主体流量计。 仪表包括一个测量室，该测量室通过一个隔板与输送空间分开。 挡板由挡板支撑件承载，该挡板支撑件在散装材料的冲击下可水平移动，并且包括延伸穿过隔板中的开口的杆状连接构件。 提供防尘罩，用于防止污物和灰尘从输送空间进入测量室。 防尘器包括刚性管，其围绕隔板的挡板侧上的杆状连接构件的一部分长度。 提供柔性隔膜用于将刚性管连接到隔板和杆状连接构件。

公开(公告)号：US4611117A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-09

申请号：US636816

申请日：1984-08-01

申请人： Frank Seibert ,  Gustav Wetzel

发明人： Frank Seibert ,  Gustav Wetzel

IPC分类号： G01T1/20 ,  G01F23/22 ,  G01T1/40

CPC分类号： G01T1/40 ,  G01F23/22

摘要： A plastic scintillation detector (14) generates on the basis of ionizing radiation coming from a radiation source (16) light flashes which are converted by a photoelectric transducer (20), for example a photoelectron multiplier, to electrical output pulses. An evaluation circuit (22) counts the output pulses as a measure of the radiation intensity. For automatic stabilization of the scintillation detector a light source (24) is controlled by a driving circuit (26) in such a manner that it transmits light pulses whose intensity is modulated in accordance with a predetermined periodic function, for example a sawtooth function. The modulated light pulses are also intercepted by the photoelectric transducer (20) and converted by the latter into electrical reference pulses. A monitoring circuit (28) determines in each modulation period the number of reference pulses whose amplitude exceeds a predetermined reference threshold value lying in the modulation interval. The pulse number determined is used to stabilize the scintillation detector, either by controlling the amplification in the sense of maintaining a predetermined pulse number or by corresponding correction of the measurement result furnished by the evaluation circuit.

摘要翻译： 塑料闪烁检测器（14）基于来自辐射源（16）的电光辐射产生由光电换能器（20）例如光电子倍增器转换的闪光灯到电输出脉冲。 评估电路（22）对输出脉冲进行计数，作为辐射强度的度量。 为了自动稳定闪烁检测器，光源（24）由驱动电路（26）控制，使得其传输强度根据预定周期函数（例如锯齿波函数）进行调制的光脉冲。 调制的光脉冲也被光电变换器（20）截取并由后者转换成电参考脉冲。 监视电路（28）在每个调制周期中确定其振幅超过位于调制间隔中的预定参考阈值的参考脉冲的数量。 确定的脉冲数用于稳定闪烁检测器，无论是通过在保持预定脉冲数的意义上控制放大，还是通过对由评估电路提供的测量结果的相应校正。

公开(公告)号：US4548086A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-22

申请号：US521890

申请日：1983-08-10

申请人： Walter Kastel

发明人： Walter Kastel

IPC分类号： F16F1/18 ,  G01D5/02 ,  G01D5/16 ,  G01L1/22 ,  G01L9/00

CPC分类号： G01D5/02 ,  G01L1/2206 ,  G01L9/006

摘要： A deflecting spring for distance or force measurement, particularly suited for use in force or pressure gauges and made of an areal spring material is provided with a force introducing section (2), a clamping section (6), and an intermediate section (45) connected to the first two sections (2,6) by flexural webs (10-13) which are equipped with sensor elements serving to convert bending into electrical signals. The intermediate section comprises two part sections (4,5) disposed at either side of an axis of symmetry (S) of the deflecting spring and each connected by a first web (10,11) with the force introducing section and by a second web (12,13) with the clamping section (6). By virtue of this design of the deflecting spring the respective webs belonging to a part section each are deflected in opposite directions when the force introducing section (3) is bended so that also opposite output signals are generated by the sensor elements. When the latter are applied to one side of the deflecting spring they may be combined in such manner in a full bridge circuit that measuring errors are compensated.

摘要翻译： 用于距离或力测量的偏转弹簧，特别适合用于力或压力计并由面弹簧材料制成，具有力引入部分（2），夹紧部分（6）和中间部分（45） 通过弯曲腹板（10-13）连接到前两个部分（2,6），所述弯曲腹板装备有用于将弯曲变换成电信号的传感器元件。 中间部分包括设置在偏转弹簧的对称轴线（S）的任一侧的两个部分部分（4,5），并且每个部分部分（4,5）通过第一腹板（10,11）与力引入部分和第二腹板 （12,13）与夹紧部分（6）。 由于偏转弹簧的这种设计，当力引入部分（3）弯曲时，属于部分部分的各个腹板在相反方向上被偏转，使得传感器元件也产生相反的输出信号。 当后者被施加到偏转弹簧的一侧时，它们可以以这样的方式组合在全桥电路中，以测量误差被补偿。

公开(公告)号：US4530030A

公开(公告)日：1985-07-16

申请号：US564212

申请日：1983-12-22

申请人： Wolfgang Woest ,  Rainer Silbermann ,  Frank Hegner

发明人： Wolfgang Woest ,  Rainer Silbermann ,  Frank Hegner

IPC分类号： G01N25/64 ,  G01N27/22 ,  H01G5/20

CPC分类号： G01N27/225 ,  Y10T29/435 ,  Y10T29/49169

摘要： A thin-film humidity sensor for measuring the absolute humidity having a base electrode, a moisture-sensitive dielectric layer and a top electrode is formed at the end face of an electrically insulating bushing body by the thin-film technique. The connecting conductors are led through the bushing body and terminate in contact areas which are ground plane and polished together with the end face of the bushing body. The metal layers forming the electrodes are so shaped on application, preferably by means of perforated masks, that they each cover the contact area of the associated connecting conductor and are electrically connected thereto. The bushing body is inserted into a sleeve of a highly alloyed nickel-molybdenum compound and connected thereto in pressure-resistant manner.

摘要翻译： 通过薄膜技术在电绝缘衬套主体的端面处形成用于测量具有基极，湿敏介电层和顶电极的绝对湿度的薄膜湿度传感器。 连接导体被引导穿过衬套主体并且终止于接地面并且与衬套主体的端面一起抛光的接触区域中。 形成电极的金属层在施加时是优选的，通过多孔掩模来形成，它们各自覆盖相关联的连接导体的接触区域并与之电连接。 衬套主体被插入到高度合金化的镍 - 钼化合物的套筒中并且以耐压的方式与其连接。

公开(公告)号：US4412450A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-01

申请号：US285763

申请日：1981-07-22

申请人： Hans-Jurgen Franz ,  Volker Dreyer

发明人： Hans-Jurgen Franz ,  Volker Dreyer

IPC分类号： G01F23/26

CPC分类号： G01F23/266

摘要： An arrangement for determining the level in a container includes a capacitive probe disposed in the container, a measuring transducer arranged in the vicinity of the container, and a remote evaluation apparatus. The measuring transducer produces a signal corresponding to the capacitance between the probe and the container. This signal, which is indicative of the level in the container, is transmitted from the transducer to the evaluation apparatus via a two-wire line, which also transmits the current supply DC voltage from the evaluation apparatus to the transducer. The transducer includes a switch for periodically switching from the probe capacitance to a test capacitance. The evaluation apparatus comprises a time control circuit which periodically varies or interrupts the DC voltage on the two-wire line, and the transducer includes a control circuit which responds to the voltage changes to actuate the switch. This permits control of the test operation by the evaluation apparatus over the same two-wire line which also carries the measuring signal and the current supply voltage.

摘要翻译： 用于确定容器中的电平的装置包括设置在容器中的电容式探头，布置在容器附近的测量传感器和远程评估装置。 测量传感器产生对应于探头和容器之间的电容的信号。 指示容器中的电平的该信号经由双线线路从换能器传递到评估装置，双线线路将电流供应DC电压从评估装置传送到换能器。 换能器包括用于周期性地从探针电容切换到测试电容的开关。 评估装置包括周期性地改变或中断双线线路上的DC电压的时间控制电路，并且换能器包括响应电压变化以致动开关的控制电路。 这允许评估装置通过同样的双线线路进行测试操作的控制，该双线线路还带有测量信号和当前电源电压。

公开(公告)号：US4251777A

公开(公告)日：1981-02-17

申请号：US944169

申请日：1978-09-20

申请人： Wilfried Sartorius ,  Don J. R. Stock

发明人： Wilfried Sartorius ,  Don J. R. Stock

IPC分类号： G01R13/34 ,  H03K5/13 ,  H03K5/22

CPC分类号： G01R13/34

摘要： A method and a circuit arrangement for time stabilization of scanning pulses for the stroboscopic sampling of periodically recurring signals. Stroboscopic sampling is performed by means of scanning pulses having a repetition period slightly different from the period of the recurring signals to be scanned. The signals to be scanned are transmitted over a transmission line in which a measuring section of known length is defined by the distance between two tapping points to each of which a sampling circuit is connected. The signals transmitted over the transmission line are sampled stroboscopically by means of the scanning pulses whereby time-transformed signals are obtained. These time-transformed signals are separated by a time interval corresponding to the transit time of the signals in the measuring section multiplied by the time-transformation factor. The number of scans occurring in this time-interval is counted and compared with a given desired number; if there is a difference between the two compared numbers, the scanning pulse period is changed so as to eliminate this difference. In an alternative embodiment, the measuring section is defined by a transmission line section of different characteristic impedance, and the recurrent signals are sampled at a single tapping point ahead of this transmission line section; in this case the time-interval corresponding to the transit time is determined by means of the reflexions occurring at the impedance breaks.

摘要翻译： 一种用于定期循环信号的频闪采样的扫描脉冲的时间稳定的方法和电路装置。 通过具有与要扫描的循环信号的周期稍微不同的重复周期的扫描脉冲来执行颤动采样。 要扫描的信号通过传输线传输，其中已知长度的测量部分由两个抽头点之间的距离限定，其中每个采样电路被连接。 通过传输线路传输的信号通过扫描脉冲频闪地采样，从而获得时间变换的信号。 这些经时间变换的信号被分离为与测量部分中的信号的传播时间相乘的时间间隔乘以时变系数。 对在该时间间隔内发生的扫描次数进行计数，并与给定的期望数进行比较; 如果两个比较数之间存在差异，则改变扫描脉冲周期以消除该差异。 在替代实施例中，测量部分由具有不同特性阻抗的传输线部分限定，并且在该传输线部分之前的单个攻丝点对反复信号进行采样; 在这种情况下，通过在阻抗断裂处发生的反射来确定对应于通过时间的时间间隔。

公开(公告)号：US4245188A

公开(公告)日：1981-01-13

申请号：US946365

申请日：1978-09-27

申请人： Werner Rottmar

发明人： Werner Rottmar

IPC分类号： G01F23/26 ,  G01R27/26

CPC分类号： G01F23/268

摘要： A capacitive measured value transducer for ascertaining the level of filling in a container. A probe electrode is combined with a circuit board carrying the associated electronic circuit into a unit which is suspended in the container on a cable provided with an external insulating cover. The circuit board is accommodated in a metal tube which is connected at one end to a hollow insulating member which, at the end remote from the metal tube, carries the probe electrode which is connected, by means of a wire extending through the hollow interior of the insulating member, to the circuit board which, in its turn, is connected at the opposite end of the metal tube to the conductors of the cable. The rigid unit consisting of the probe electrode, the insulating member and the metal tube together with the end section of the cable is covered by a continuous homogeneous sheathing of insulating material.

摘要翻译： 用于确定容器中的填充量的电容式测量值传感器。 探针电极与携带相关联的电子电路的电路板组合成一个单元，该单元在设置有外部绝缘盖的电缆上悬挂在容器中。 电路板容纳在金属管中，该金属管的一端连接到中空绝缘构件上，远离金属管的端部通过延伸穿过中空绝缘构件的中空内部的电线承载连接的探针电极 绝缘构件，连接到电路板，该电路板又在金属管的相对端连接到电缆的导体。 由探针电极，绝缘构件和金属管组成的刚性单元与电缆的端部一起被绝缘材料的连续均匀的护套覆盖。

公开(公告)号：US4201956A

公开(公告)日：1980-05-06

申请号：US946368

申请日：1978-09-27

申请人： Karl-Heinz Kienberger ,  Don J. R. Stock

发明人： Karl-Heinz Kienberger ,  Don J. R. Stock

IPC分类号： H01Q13/02 ,  H01P1/208 ,  H01P7/06 ,  H03B9/14 ,  H03B5/18 ,  H03B9/12

CPC分类号： H03B9/145

摘要： Apparatus for the generation and radiation of microwave radiation including a microwave oscillator having a cavity resonator directly coupled with the input of a horn resonator by way of a first apertured diaphragm. There is arranged within the horn radiator a second apertured diaphragm disposed at a distance from the first apertured diaphragm such that together with the first diaphragm it forms a filter resonator.

摘要翻译： 用于产生和辐射微波辐射的装置，包括微波振荡器，该微波振荡器具有通过第一有孔隔膜与喇叭谐振器的输入端直接耦合的空腔谐振器。 在喇叭辐射器内布置有与第一有孔光圈相距一定距离的第二有孔光阑，使得与第一光阑一起形成滤光器谐振器。