公开(公告)号：US20080052507A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-28

申请号：US11838192

申请日：2007-08-13

申请人： David Chow ,  Charles Lee ,  Frank Yu ,  Tzu-Yih Chu ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： David Chow ,  Charles Lee ,  Frank Yu ,  Tzu-Yih Chu ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F13/38 ,  G06F1/24 ,  G06F21/00 ,  G06F9/06

CPC分类号： G06F21/568 ,  G06F21/575 ,  G06F2221/2105 ,  G06F2221/2153

摘要： A multi-partition Universal Serial Bus (USB) device has a flash memory with multiple partitions of storage. Some partitions are for different operating systems and store OS images. Another partition has a control program while a user partition stores user data and user configuration information. The control program can test the multi-partition USB device and instruct the host computer BIOS to mount a partition from its flash memory as a drive of the host computer. The host computer can then be rebooted. The OS image from the flash memory is loaded into main memory during rebooting, and the host computer executes a new operating system using the new OS image. The user can press buttons on the multi-partition USB device to select which OS to load, and to begin rebooting. Virus removal programs in the alternate OS can help recover from a virus in the primary OS.

摘要翻译： 多分区通用串行总线（USB）设备具有具有多个存储分区的闪存。 一些分区用于不同的操作系统并存储操作系统映像。 另一个分区具有控制程序，而用户分区则存储用户数据和用户配置信息。 控制程序可以测试多分区USB设备，并指示主机BIOS将其闪存中的分区作为主机的驱动器安装。 然后可以重新启动主机。 重新启动时，闪存中的OS映像将加载到主内存中，主机使用新的操作系统映像执行新的操作系统。 用户可以按多分区USB设备上的按钮选择要加载的操作系统，并开始重新启动。 备用操作系统中的病毒清除程序可以帮助从主操作系统中的病毒恢复。

公开(公告)号：US20080040598A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-14

申请号：US11875648

申请日：2007-10-19

申请人： Charles Lee ,  David Chow ,  Abraham Ma ,  Frank Yu ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Charles Lee ,  David Chow ,  Abraham Ma ,  Frank Yu ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F15/177

CPC分类号： G06F9/441

摘要： A flash microcontroller has a Static Random-Access-Memory (SRAM) buffer that stores several blocks of boot code read from a flash memory. The boot code includes an initial boot loader, boot code and a control program that are executed by the flash microcontroller, and an operating system OS image and an external-host control program that are executed by an external host. Both the external host and the microcontroller are booted from boot code buffered in the SRAM buffer. A first-reset-read address from the external host is captured by the microcontroller during its boot sequence and stored in a mapping table along with a physical address of the block in the SRAM buffer with the operating system OS image and the external-host control program. A boot-loader state machine reads the flash ID and programs flash parameter registers with timing parameters for the flash memory.

摘要翻译： 闪存微控制器具有静态随机存取存储器（SRAM）缓冲器，其存储从闪存读取的几个引导代码块。 引导代码包括由闪存微控制器执行的初始引导加载程序，引导代码和控制程序，以及由外部主机执行的操作系统OS映像和外部主机控制程序。 外部主机和微控制器均由缓冲在SRAM缓冲区中的引导代码引导。 微控制器在其引导序列期间捕获来自外部主机的第一复位读取地址，并将其与SRAM缓冲器中具有操作系统OS映像和外部主机控制的块的物理地址一起存储在映射表中 程序。 引导加载器状态机读取闪存ID，并使用Flash存储器的时序参数对闪存参数寄存器进行编程。

公开(公告)号：US20070233955A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-04

申请号：US11679716

申请日：2007-02-27

申请人： Jianjun Luo ,  Chris Tsu ,  Charles Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Jianjun Luo ,  Chris Tsu ,  Charles Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F13/00

CPC分类号： H01R13/629 ,  G06F12/1416 ,  G06F21/32 ,  G06F21/78 ,  G06K9/00087 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G06K19/07354 ,  G07C9/00087

摘要： A Secure Digital (SD) flash microcontroller includes a memory interface to SRAM or DRAM, a flash-memory interface, and a SD interface to an SD bus. The flash memory can be on a flash bus or on the SD bus. The microcontroller is booted from boot code stored in the flash memory. An initial boot loader is read from the first page of flash by a state machine and written to a small RAM. A central processing unit (CPU) in the microcontroller reads instructions from the small RAM, executing the initial boot loader, which reads more pages from flash. These pages are buffered by the small RAM and written to a larger DRAM. Once an extended boot sequence is written to DRAM, the CPU toggles a RAM_BASE bit to cause instruction fetching from DRAM. Then the extended boot sequence is executed from DRAM, copying an OS image from flash to DRAM.

摘要翻译： 安全数字（SD）闪存微控制器包括到SRAM或DRAM的存储器接口，闪存存储器接口和到SD总线的SD接口。 闪存可以在闪存总线或SD总线上。 微控制器从存储在闪存中的引导代码引导。 初始引导加载程序由状态机从闪存的第一页读取并写入小RAM。 微控制器中的中央处理单元（CPU）从小型RAM读取指令，执行初始启动加载程序，从Flash读取更多的页面。 这些页面被小RAM缓冲并写入较大的DRAM。 一旦将扩展引导顺序写入DRAM，CPU将切换一个RAM_BASE位，以使DRAM从DRAM获取指令。 然后从DRAM执行扩展启动顺序，将OS映像从闪存复制到DRAM。

公开(公告)号：US20070204206A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11739613

申请日：2007-04-24

申请人： Charles Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Abraham Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Charles Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Abraham Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： H03M13/05

CPC分类号： H03M13/1545 ,  G06F11/1068 ,  G06F11/1076 ,  H03M13/153 ,  H03M13/1535 ,  H03M13/6561

摘要： One embodiment of the present includes a electronic data storage card having a Reed Solomon (RS) decoder having a syndrome calculator block responsive to a page of information, the page being organized into a plurality of data sections and the overhead being organized into a plurality of overhead sections. The syndrome calculator generates a syndrome for each of the data sections. The decoder further includes a root finder block responsive to the calculated syndrome and for generating at least two roots, a polynomial calculator block responsive to the at least two roots and operative to generate at least one error address, identifying a location in the data wherein the error lies, and an error symbol values calculator block coupled to the root finder and the polynomial calculator block and for generating a second error address, identifying a second location in the data wherein the error(s) lie.

摘要翻译： 本发明的一个实施例包括具有Reed Solomon（RS）解码器的电子数据存储卡，该解码器具有响应于信息页的校正子计算器块，该页被组织成多个数据段，并且开销被组织成多个 架空部分。 综合征计算器为每个数据部分产生综合征。 解码器还包括响应于所计算的校正子并用于生成至少两个根的根取景器块，响应于至少两个根并且可操作地生成至少一个错误地址的多项式计算器块，识别数据中的位置，其中， 并且错误符号值计算器块耦合到根查找器和多项式计算器块，并用于产生第二错误地址，识别错误所在的数据中的第二位置。

公开(公告)号：US20070156587A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-05

申请号：US11677658

申请日：2007-02-22

申请人： Frank Yu ,  Charles Lee ,  Abraham Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Frank Yu ,  Charles Lee ,  Abraham Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06Q99/00

CPC分类号： G06F21/10

摘要： Content on a storage medium is protected from unauthorized use, such as excessive copying or expired playback. A storage medium contains encrypted content and an encrypted content key with rules such as usage and copy rules. An interface between a record/playback device and the storage medium has enhanced security by not passing unprotected encryption keys that might be intercepted by external hackers. A content key is combined with usage and copy rules and then encrypted with a unique key, and may be doubly-encrypted with a control key before transmission over the interface. The unique key is generated from a key matrix on the record/playback device using row and columns received from the storage medium. The storage medium stores a pre-loaded copy of the unique key. The control key is generated from a random number on the record/playback device and storage medium avoiding transmission over the interface.

摘要翻译： 保护存储介质上的内容免受未经授权的使用，例如过度复制或过期播放。 存储介质包含加密内容和具有诸如使用和复制规则等规则的加密内容密钥。 记录/回放设备和存储介质之间的接口通过不传递可能被外部黑客拦截的未受保护的加密密钥而增强了安全性。 内容密钥与使用和复制规则组合，然后用唯一密钥加密，并且可以在通过接口传输之前用控制密钥进行双重加密。 使用从存储介质接收的行和列从记录/回放设备上的按键矩阵生成唯一密钥。 存储介质存储唯一密钥的预加载副本。 该控制键是从记录/重放设备和存储介质上的随机数生成的，避免了通过接口的传输。

公开(公告)号：US20070150963A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-28

申请号：US11668316

申请日：2007-01-29

申请人： Charles Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Abraham Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Charles Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Abraham Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： H04L9/32

CPC分类号： G06F21/32 ,  G06F21/10 ,  G06F2221/2129

摘要： A portable media player receives encrypted audio files and an encrypted content key from a central license server on the Internet. The media player supports digital rights management (DRM) by storing the encrypted audio file in its flash memory and disabling copying or playing of the audio file after a copy limit has been reached. The copy limit is a rule that is combined with the content key in a transfer key that can be encrypted together by the license server. The license server can detect cloning of the media player by reading a unique player ID from the player and detecting when too many accounts use the same unique player ID. The content key can be generated from polar coordinates of the unique player ID, player manufacturer, and song genre. A fingerprint sensor on the player can scan and compare the user's fingerprints to further detect cloning.

摘要翻译： 便携式媒体播放器从互联网上的中央许可证服务器接收加密的音频文件和加密的内容密钥。 媒体播放器通过将加密的音频文件存储在其闪存中来支持数字权限管理（DRM），并且在达到复制限制之后禁用复制或播放音频文件。 复制限制是与许可证服务器可一起加密的传输密钥中的内容密钥相结合的规则。 许可证服务器可以通过从播放器中读取唯一的播放器ID来检测媒体播放器的克隆，并检测何时太多的帐户使用相同的唯一播放器ID。 内容密钥可以由唯一播放器ID，播放器制造商和歌曲类型的极坐标生成。 播放器上的指纹传感器可以扫描并比较用户的指纹，以进一步检测克隆。

公开(公告)号：US20070118688A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-24

申请号：US11623860

申请日：2007-01-17

申请人： Charles Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Charles Lee ,  I-Kang Yu ,  Edward Lee ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F13/00 ,  G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/0868 ,  G06F12/0246 ,  G06F12/0804 ,  G06F2212/2022 ,  G06F2212/214

摘要： A flash-memory cache card caches data that a host writes to a hard disk drive. A flash-memory array has physical blocks of flash memory arranged into first and second data areas having M blocks each, and a wear-leveling-counter pool. An incoming logical sector address (LSA) from a host is mapped to one of M entries in a RAM lookup table using a hash of modulo M. The RAM entry stores a mapping to a physical block in a foreground area that is either the first or the second data area. Pages in the physical block are read for a matching LSA that indicates a cache hit. Full pages are written back to the hard disk and erased in the background while the other data area becomes the foreground area. A new physical block with a low wear-level count is selected from blocks in the new foreground area.

摘要翻译： 闪存缓存卡缓存主机写入硬盘驱动器的数据。 闪存阵列具有布置在每个具有M个块的第一和第二数据区域中的闪存的物理块和磨损平衡计数器池。 来自主机的输入逻辑扇区地址（LSA）被映射到使用模M的散列的RAM查找表中的M个条目之一.RAM条目存储到前景区域中的物理块的映射，该物理块是第一个或 第二个数据区。 对于指示缓存命中的匹配LSA，将读取物理块中的页面。 完整的页面将被写回硬盘并在后台擦除，而另一个数据区域成为前台区域。 从新的前景区域的块中选择具有低磨损级别计数的新物理块。

公开(公告)号：US20080065796A1

公开(公告)日：2008-03-13

申请号：US11926636

申请日：2007-10-29

申请人： Charles Lee ,  David Chow ,  Abraham Ma ,  Frank Yu ,  Ming-Shiang Shen ,  Horng-Yee Chou

发明人： Charles Lee ,  David Chow ,  Abraham Ma ,  Frank Yu ,  Ming-Shiang Shen ,  Horng-Yee Chou

IPC分类号： G06F13/42

CPC分类号： G06F13/28 ,  G06F12/1416 ,  G06F21/32 ,  G06F21/78 ,  G06K9/00087 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G06K19/07354 ,  G07C9/00087

摘要： An extended Universal-Serial Bus (EUSB) bridge to a host computer can have Peripheral Components Interconnect Express (PCIE) protocol layers on one side of the bridge, and EUSB layers on the other side of the bridge, with a high-level bridging converter module connecting the upper layers. The PCIE physical, data-link, and transport layers may be eliminated by integrating the bridge with an I/O controller. PCIE requests and data payloads are directly sent to the bridge, rather than low-level PCIE physical signals. The PCIE data payloads are converted to EUSB data payloads by a high-level direct bridging converter module. Then the EUSB data payloads are passed down to an EUSB transaction layer, an EUSB data-link layer, and an EUSB physical layer which drives and senses physical electrical signals on both differential pairs of the EUSB bus.

摘要翻译： 到主机的扩展通用串行总线（EUSB）桥可以在桥的一侧具有外围组件互连Express（PCIE）协议层，在桥的另一侧可以具有高级桥接转换器 模块连接上层。 可以通过将桥与I / O控制器集成来消除PCIE物理，数据链路和传输层。 PCIE请求和数据有效载荷直接发送到桥，而不是低级PCIE物理信号。 PCIE数据有效载荷通过高级直接桥接转换器模块转换为EUSB数据有效载荷。 然后，EUSB数据有效载荷被传递到EUSB事务层，EUSB数据链路层和EUSB物理层，其在EUSB总线的两个差分对上驱动和感测物理电信号。

公开(公告)号：US20080052452A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-28

申请号：US11929859

申请日：2007-10-30

申请人： David Chow ,  Frank Yu ,  Charles Lee ,  Abraham Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： David Chow ,  Frank Yu ,  Charles Lee ,  Abraham Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G06F12/00

CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 ,  G06F12/1416 ,  G06F21/32 ,  G06F21/78 ,  G06F2212/7202 ,  G06F2212/7208 ,  G06K9/00087 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G06K19/07354 ,  G07C9/00087

摘要： An electronic data flash card is accessible by a host computer, and includes a processing unit connected to a flash memory device that stores a data file, and an input-output interface circuit activated so as to establish a communication with the host computer. In an embodiment, the electronic data flash card uses a USB input/output interface circuit for communication with the host computer. A flash memory controller includes an index for converting logical addresses sent by the host computer into physical addresses associated with sectors of the flash memory device. The index is controlled by arbitration logic referencing to values from various look up tables and valid data stored in the flash memory device. The flash memory controller further includes a first-in-first-out unit (FIFO) for recycling obsolete sectors of the flash memory device in the background process so that they are available for reprogramming.

公开(公告)号：US20070268754A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-22

申请号：US11674645

申请日：2007-02-13

申请人： Charles Lee ,  Frank Yu ,  Abraham Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

发明人： Charles Lee ,  Frank Yu ,  Abraham Ma ,  Ming-Shiang Shen

IPC分类号： G11C16/04 ,  G06F12/00

CPC分类号： H01R13/629 ,  G06F12/0246 ,  G06F12/1416 ,  G06F21/32 ,  G06F21/78 ,  G06F2212/1044 ,  G06F2212/7201 ,  G06F2212/7205 ,  G06F2212/7209 ,  G06K9/00087 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G06K19/07354 ,  G07C9/00087

摘要： A sliding window of flash blocks is used to reduce wasted space occupied by stale data in a flash memory. The sliding window slides downward over a few flash blocks. The oldest block is examined for valid pages of data, and the valid pages are copied to the end of the sliding window so that the first block has only stale pages. The first block can then be erased and eventually re-used. A RAM usage table contains valid bits for pages in each block in the sliding window. A page's valid bit is changed from an erased, unwritten state to a valid state when data is written to the page. Later, when new host data replaces that data, the old page's valid bit is set to the stale state. A RAM stale-flags table keeps track of pages that are full of stale pages.

摘要翻译： 闪存块的滑动窗口用于减少闪存中过时数据占用的浪费空间。 滑动窗口向下滑过几个闪光块。 检查最旧的块是否有效的数据页面，有效的页面被复制到滑动窗口的末尾，以便第一个块只有过时的页面。 然后可以擦除第一个块并最终重新使用。 RAM使用表包含滑动窗口中每个块中页面的有效位。 当数据写入页面时，页面的有效位从擦除的未写入状态更改为有效状态。 之后，当新的主机数据替换该数据时，旧页面的有效位被设置为陈旧状态。 RAM陈旧标记表可以跟踪页面中已经有过时的页面。