公开(公告)号：US06587356B2

公开(公告)日：2003-07-01

申请号：US09866304

申请日：2001-05-24

申请人： Lizhi Zhu ,  Jin-Sheng Lai ,  Fred C. Lee

发明人： Lizhi Zhu ,  Jin-Sheng Lai ,  Fred C. Lee

IPC分类号： H02M3335

CPC分类号： H02M1/34 ,  H02M3/3376 ,  H02M2001/342 ,  Y02B70/1491 ,  Y10S323/908

摘要： The invention is a scheme for high power isolated full-bridge boost DC/DC converters to minimize the effect of in-rush current during start-up. A single pulse width modulation controller (PWM) is possible for the present invention for not only start-up but also normal boost modes. A primary circuit can have a clamping switch or at least two choke diodes. The choke diode can include “push-pull” and “L”-type configurations. A resistor can be used to dissipate energy clamped from the voltage spike. A startup circuit can be used to eliminate the in-rush current experienced during start-up. The proposed start-up schemes have been experimentally verified using a 1.6 kW, 12V/288 V prototype. Since the present invention eliminates the need to match characteristics of multiple controllers, it significantly reduces the cost associated with implementing this type of technology.

公开(公告)号：US06414469B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-02

申请号：US09734697

申请日：2000-12-13

申请人： Xunwei Zhou ,  Fred C. Lee

发明人： Xunwei Zhou ,  Fred C. Lee

IPC分类号： G05F140

CPC分类号： G05F1/62

摘要： An interleaved small-inductance buck voltage regulator (VRM) converter with the novel current sensing and sharing technology significantly improves transient response with size minimization. Specifically, two or more buck VRM modules are interleaved or connected in parallel. The resultant current waveform has a fast transient response but with reduced ripples since the ripples in the individual modules mathematically cancel one another. The result is a smooth output current waveform having spikes within an acceptable tolerance limits when for example the load increases due to a connected processor changing from “sleep” to “active” mode. A novel current sensing and sharing scheme between the individual VRMs is implemented using an RC network in each module to detect inductor current for that module. Good current sharing result can be easily achieved. Unlike peak current mode control and average current mode control, with this technology, the converter still has low output impedance and fast transient response. As a result, the VRM can be very cost-effective, high power density, high efficiency and have good transient performance.

公开(公告)号：US5920471A

公开(公告)日：1999-07-06

申请号：US921062

申请日：1997-08-29

申请人： Jayendar Rajagopalan ,  Paolo Nora ,  Fred C. Lee

发明人： Jayendar Rajagopalan ,  Paolo Nora ,  Fred C. Lee

IPC分类号： H02M1/00 ,  H02M1/42 ,  H02M1/12 ,  G05F1/40 ,  H02M5/42

CPC分类号： H02M1/4225 ,  Y02B70/126 ,  Y02P80/112

摘要： A method for preparing power factor control integrated circuits which generate linear pulse width modulation (PWM) waveforms is presented. The method of pulse width modulation waveform generation involves providing a capacitor; fast charging the capacitor; and controlling a discharge rate of the capacitor to ensure a constant switching period and a linear PWM waveform. The method is applicable for any single-phase ac/dc converter topology that performs power factor correction. Unlike conventional techniques which utilize three feedback loops, the method of the present invention reduces the total number of feedback loops to two, eliminates input voltage sensing and achieves the same objective. This method results in significant integrated circuit simplification, such as elimination of multiplier, squarer and divider circuits in the control integrated circuit and reduces the cost of the integrated circuit.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种制造产生线性脉宽调制（PWM）波形的功率因数控制集成电路的方法。 脉宽调制波形生成方法涉及提供电容器; 快速充电电容器; 并且控制电容器的放电速率以确保恒定的开关周期和线性PWM波形。 该方法适用于执行功率因数校正的任何单相交流/直流转换器拓扑。 与使用三个反馈回路的常规技术不同，本发明的方法将反馈回路的总数减少到两个，消除输入电压感测并实现相同的目的。 这种方法产生了显着的集成电路简化，例如消除了控制集成电路中的乘法器，平方和分频器电路，并降低了集成电路的成本。

公开(公告)号：US5486752A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-23

申请号：US262049

申请日：1994-06-17

申请人： Guichao C. Hua ,  Fred C. Lee

发明人： Guichao C. Hua ,  Fred C. Lee

IPC分类号： H02M3/158 ,  H02M3/335

CPC分类号： H02M3/158 ,  Y02B70/1425

摘要： A zero-current transition pulse-width modulated (ZCT-PWM) d.c.-d.c. converter allows minority-carrier semiconductor devices such as, for example, bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), MOSFET controlled thyristors (MCTs), and gate turn-off thyristors (GTOs), to be used as switches for high-power, high frequency applications. The ZCT-PWM converter comprises a shunt resonant branch inserted into a conventional PWM converter circuit. The resonant branch comprises a resonant inductor (Lr), a resonant capacitor (Cr), an auxiliary switch (S1), and an auxiliary diode (D1). The resonant branch is only active during a relatively short switching time in order to create a zero-current switch condition for the main pulse-modulating switch (S) without substantially increasing voltage or current stresses.

摘要翻译： 零电流转换脉宽调制（ZCT-PWM）直流 - 直流 转换器允许诸如例如双极结型晶体管（BJT），绝缘栅极双极晶体管（IGBT），MOSFET控制晶闸管（MCT）和栅极截止晶闸管（GTO））的少数载流子半导体器件用作开关 适用于大功率，高频应用。 ZCT-PWM转换器包括插入到常规PWM转换器电路中的并联谐振分支。 谐振支路包括谐振电感器（Lr），谐振电容器（Cr），辅助开关（S1）和辅助二极管（D1）。 谐振分支仅在相对短的开关时间期间是有效的，以便为主脉冲调制开关（S）创建零电流开关条件，而基本上不增加电压或电流应力。

公开(公告)号：US5442540A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-15

申请号：US903859

申请日：1992-06-25

申请人： Guichao C. Hua ,  Fred C. Lee

发明人： Guichao C. Hua ,  Fred C. Lee

IPC分类号： H02M3/158 ,  H02M7/5387

CPC分类号： H02M3/158 ,  Y02B70/1425

摘要： A full-bridge zero-voltage-switching pulse-width-modulated converter employs a saturable reactor in place of the linear inductor in order to reduce current stress on the active switches, reduce voltage stress on the rectifier diodes, and reduce secondary parasitic ringing. The zero-current-switching full-bridge pulse-width-modulated converter embodiment of the invention contemplates the provision of active switches that are zero-current-switched and passive switches, such as diode switches, that are zero-voltage-switched.

摘要翻译： 全桥零电压开关脉宽调制转换器采用可饱和电抗器代替线性电感器，以减少有源开关上的电流应力，减少整流二极管的电压，并减少次级寄生振铃。 本发明的零电流切换全桥脉宽调制转换器实施例设想提供零电流开关和无电压开关（例如二极管开关）的有源开关，其为零电压切换。

公开(公告)号：US5262930A

公开(公告)日：1993-11-16

申请号：US897674

申请日：1992-06-12

申请人： Guichao C. Hua ,  Fred C. Lee

发明人： Guichao C. Hua ,  Fred C. Lee

IPC分类号： H02M3/158 ,  H02M3/335

CPC分类号： H02M3/158 ,  Y02B70/1425

摘要： A pulse-width-modulated, quasi-resonant, d.c. to d.c. converter that has an auxiliary switch that periodically kills the resonance.

摘要翻译： 脉冲宽度调制，准谐振，直流。 到达 转换器具有周期性地消除共振的辅助开关。

公开(公告)号：US4841220A

公开(公告)日：1989-06-20

申请号：US99965

申请日：1987-09-23

申请人： Wojciech A. Tabisz ,  Fred C. Lee

发明人： Wojciech A. Tabisz ,  Fred C. Lee

IPC分类号： H02M3/155 ,  H02M3/335 ,  H02M3/337

CPC分类号： H02M3/337 ,  H02M3/155 ,  H02M3/335 ,  H02M3/33592 ,  Y02B70/1433 ,  Y02B70/1475

摘要： A generalized multi-resonant switch that combines current-mode and voltage-mode resonant switches. Application of the multi-resonant switch in zero-voltage switched multi-resonant converters results in reduction of the voltage stress to the switching transistor, increase of the load range and reduction of the switching frequency bandwidth. Each embodiment of the multi-resonant converter includes a multi-resonant switch having an active switch, a passive switch and reactive components for causing the active and passive switches to operate in a multi-resonant manner.

摘要翻译： 一种结合电流模式和电压模式谐振开关的通用多谐振开关。 多谐振开关在零电压开关多谐振转换器中的应用导致开关晶体管的电压应力降低，负载范围的增加和开关频率带宽的降低。 多谐振转换器的每个实施例包括具有有源开关，无源开关和无功部件的多谐振开关，用于使有源和无源开关以多谐振方式工作。

公开(公告)号：US4720668A

公开(公告)日：1988-01-19

申请号：US877185

申请日：1986-06-20

申请人： Fred C. Lee ,  Kwang-Hwa Liu

发明人： Fred C. Lee ,  Kwang-Hwa Liu

IPC分类号： H02M3/155 ,  G05F1/40

CPC分类号： H02M3/155

摘要： A quasi-resonant converter is disclosed as comprising a power source, a load and a resonant switch circuit for periodically connecting the power source to the load. The resonant switch circuit includes a switch for connecting the power source to the load and for disconnecting the power source from the load, and a resonant circuit comprised of a resonant capacitor and a resonant inductor. The switch is operated at a switching frequency in excess of 1 MHz and in the order of 10 to 20 MHz or greater. The resonant circuit is connected to the switch to impose thereon a voltage waveform as developed across the resonant capacitor. The resonant capacitor and the resonant inductor have respective impedances selected to shape the voltage waveform such that a zero-voltage condition is imposed upon the switch when it is disposed to its on state, whereby the parasitic capacitive losses associated with the switch are eliminated.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种准谐振转换器，其包括用于将电源周期性地连接到负载的电源，负载和谐振开关电路。 谐振开关电路包括用于将电源连接到负载并用于将电源与负载断开的开关，以及由谐振电容器和谐振电感器组成的谐振电路。 开关以超过1MHz的开关频率操作，并且在10至20MHz或更大的量级下操作。 谐振电路连接到开关以施加在谐振电容器两端形成的电压波形。 谐振电容器和谐振电感器具有相应的阻抗，其被选择成使电压波形成形，使得当其被置于其导通状态时，零开关施加零电压状态，从而消除与开关相关联的寄生电容性损耗。

公开(公告)号：US4380795A

公开(公告)日：1983-04-19

申请号：US246975

申请日：1981-03-24

申请人： Fred C. Lee ,  Roy A. Carter

发明人： Fred C. Lee ,  Roy A. Carter

IPC分类号： H02M7/5387 ,  H03K17/0412 ,  H03K17/615 ,  H02M7/537

CPC分类号： H03K17/615 ,  H02M7/5387 ,  H03K17/04126

摘要： A high power switching circuit which utilizes a four-terminal Darlington transistor block to improve switching speed, particularly in rapid turn-off. Two independent reverse drive currents are utilized during turn off in order to expel the minority carriers of the Darlington pair at their own charge sweep-out rate. The reverse drive current may be provided by a current transformer, the secondary of which is tapped to the base terminal of the power stage of the Darlington block. In one application, the switching circuit is used in each power switching element in a chopper-inverter drive of an electric vehicle propulsion system.

摘要翻译： 高功率开关电路利用四端子达林顿晶体管块来提高开关速度，特别是快速关断。 在关闭期间使用两个独立的反向驱动电流，以便以其自身的充电扫除速率驱逐达林顿对的少数载体。 反向驱动电流可以由电流互感器提供，电流互感器的次级被分接到达林顿块的功率级的基极端子。 在一个应用中，在电动车辆推进系统的斩波逆变器驱动中的每个功率开关元件中使用开关电路。

公开(公告)号：US20160294297A1

公开(公告)日：2016-10-06

申请号：US15089109

申请日：2016-04-01

申请人： Chao Fei ,  Fred C. Lee ,  Weiyi Feng ,  Qiang Li

发明人： Chao Fei ,  Fred C. Lee ,  Weiyi Feng ,  Qiang Li

IPC分类号： H02M3/335 ,  H02M1/36

CPC分类号： H02M3/33546 ,  H02M1/36 ,  H02M3/33515 ,  H02M3/33592 ,  H02M3/3376 ,  H02M2001/0035 ,  H02M2001/0058 ,  Y02B70/1433 ,  Y02B70/1475 ,  Y02B70/1491 ,  Y02B70/16

摘要： A resonant power converter is disclosed with a driving circuit generating a switching signal connecting power to a resonant tank circuit, with a voltage monitoring circuit measuring a voltage output and a load current. A micro-controller is operable with a control circuit for multiple step sampling with the switching signal at a switching frequency to settle the resonant circuit determined from the voltage output and load current. A fast load transient response at a high frequency with the resonant circuit provides the multiple step sampling to ensure enough time for micro-controller to calculate. Optimal trajectory control facilitates a burst mode of high frequency with the resonant circuit using adaptive multiple step sampling for an on-time to extend the burst operation range. A soft start-up process uses the micro-controller processing in multiple stages.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种谐振功率转换器，其具有驱动电路，该驱动电路产生用于将电力连接到谐振回路的开关信号，电压监视电路测量电压输出和负载电流。 微控制器可与控制电路一起操作，以开关频率的切换信号进行多步采样，以根据电压输出和负载电流确定谐振电路。 谐振电路在高频下的快速负载瞬态响应提供多步采样，以确保微控制器有足够的时间来计算。 最佳轨迹控制有助于高频脉冲串模式，谐振电路使用自适应多步采样进行导通时间来延长脉冲串操作范围。 软启动过程使用微控制器处理多个阶段。