摘要:
The present invention provides a technique to accurately grasp a deterioration state of a development agent in a development device, in a development system which supplies a new development agent consisting of a toner and a carrier and discharges an deteriorated development agent to maintain a performance of a development agent in a development device.An image forming apparatus according to the present invention includes a stirring information obtaining section configured to obtain information of a stirring time of the development agent in the development device, a supply information obtaining section configured to obtain information of an amount of the carrier supplied into the development device, and a deterioration degree determining section configured to determine a deterioration degree of the development agent in the development device on the basis of the information obtained by the stirring information obtaining section and the supply information obtaining section.
摘要:
The laser light generator control circuit comprises a load section, a control section, a bias current circuit section, and a modulation current circuit section. The load section generates a monitor voltage V1 that corresponds to the optical current corresponding to the amount of light received by a monitor light receiving element for receiving light from the laser light generator. The control section selects a combination (Db, Dm) in accordance with the result of comparing a value corresponding to the monitor voltage V1, and a reference value, from a group of combinations (Db, Dm)n that comprises a plurality of combinations (Db, Dm) of a value Db that corresponds to the bias current and a value Dm that corresponds to the modulation current, these combinations being specified so that the light emission power and the extinction ratio are constant, and generates a first control signal V2 and a second control signal V3 on the basis of the selected combination (Db, Dm).
摘要:
A laser diode control circuit comprises a load portion, a control portion, a bias current circuit portion, and a modulation current circuit portion. The load portion generates a signal V1 which corresponds to a photocurrent corresponding to an amount of light received in a monitoring photodetector for receiving light from a laser light generating portion. The control portion generates first and second control signals V2, V3 from a value Db, a value Dm, an amount of change &Dgr;Dm, and an amount of change &Dgr;Db. The amount of change &Dgr;Dm is generated using a function f(Db,&Dgr;Db)=&Dgr;Dm which is defined such that the light emission power and the extinction ratio become constant. The first control signal V2 is generated from &Dgr;Db and Db in order to modify a bias current Ib, whereas the second control signal V3 is generated from values corresponding to &Dgr;Dm and Dm in order to modify a modulation current Im.
摘要:
A fixing apparatus includes a fixing device having a fixing roller and pressure applying roller set in pressure contact with the fixing roller and, by feeding a developing agent image-transferred medium past a nip between the fixing roller and the pressure applying roller, fixing the developing agent image to the medium and a separating device having a forward end set in abutting contact with an outer peripheral surface of the fixing roller and separating the medium which is fed past the nip from the fixing roller, in which the forward end of the separating device abuts against on outer periphery of the fixing roller in a range of a distance corresponding to ⅛ to ⅓ of a full outer periphery length of the fixing roller which is spaced from a center of the nip along the outer periphery of the fixing roller.
摘要:
A crystalline bulk powder of N-(1-((2,4-diamino-6-pteridinyl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzothiazine-7-carbonyl)L-&agr;-aminoadipic acid is treated by using an impact grinding method or a jet mill grinding method to give a finely ground powder. Solid oral preparations containing the thus obtained finely ground powder as the active ingredient can quickly release the active ingredient and high content uniformity can be ensured without adversely affecting the stability.
摘要:
A method for controlling an amount of electric charge on a finely divided powder. When the finely divided powder is supplied into a powder transportation pipe in a substantially discrete particle state and transported therethrough in a discrete particle state by a stream of a compressed gas having a very small water content whose dew-point is 0.degree. C. or less, electric charge is inevitably produced by friction on the powder by the collision thereof against the inner wall of the transportation pipe. By controlling the dew-point of the compressed gas, the amount of frictional electric charge produced on the powder can be controlled even if there is a change in the type of the finely divided powder, the piping system, the spray nozzle, the type and state of the gas serving as a carrier medium, and environmental conditions such as the atmosphere. Further, a finely divided powder spraying method and apparatus uniformly spray the powder, whose amount of frictional electric charge is controlled as described above, onto a grounded sheet surface in a discrete particle state by means of a two-dimensionally-swinging nozzle.
摘要:
An ammoxidation method in a fluidized-bed reactor, in which, when a starting material to be ammoxidized is ammoxidized by means of vapor-phase catalytic fluidized-bed reaction, the reaction is carried out in a fluidized-bed reactor to which an oxygen-containing gas is fed through feed openings provided at the bottom thereof, and a starting material to be ammoxidized is fed through feed openings provided above the feed openings for the oxygen-containing gas, the distance between the feed openings for the oxygen-containing gas and those for the starting material being from 30 to 250% of the height of a fluidized solid matter in a static state so as to form such a fluidized bed that the density of the fluidized solid matter at the feed openings for the starting material to be ammoxidized is in the range of 50 to 300 kg/m.sup.3 and that the gas velocity is 1 m/s or lower. By this method, the efficiency of contact between catalyst particles and a starting material, and the result of the reaction (the yield of a desired product) are improved.
摘要翻译:在流化床反应器中的氨氧化方法,其中当待氧化的原料通过气相催化流化床反应进行氨氧化时,反应在流化床反应器中进行, 含氧气体通过设置在其底部的进料口进料,并且待氧化的原料通过在含氧气体的进料口上方提供的进料口供入,含氧气体的进料口和 起始材料为静态状态的流化固体物质高度的30〜250%,形成这样一种流化床,即原料待进料口的流化固体物质的浓度被氧化 在50〜300kg / m 3的范围内,气体速度为1m / s以下。 通过该方法,提高了催化剂粒子与原料的接触效率和反应结果(所需产物的收率)。
摘要:
A cylinder apparatus including a piston slidably fitted in a cylinder having a hydraulic fluid sealed therein. A piston rod is connected at one end thereof to the piston. The other end portion of the piston rod extends as far as the outside of the cylinder through a seal block fitted to an open end portion of the cylinder. The seal block retains a double seal including a rod seal that is in sliding contact with the piston rod and an O-ring that resiliently biases the rod seal toward the piston rod. The seal block is provided with a projection extending between the O-ring and the rod seal to bear a part of biasing force applied to the rod seal from the O-ring. The projection is provided at a side of the O-ring and rod seal which is remote from the piston.
摘要:
Method of placing and extracting raw materials or modules in such a way that a minimum area capable of accommodating the modules can be systematically searched for. The placement of the modules is started with drawing rightwardly upward oblique lines and rightwardly downward oblique lines. The number of the oblique lines of each kind is equal to the number of the modules. The modules are placed at the intersections of the oblique lines such that only one module is placed on each one of the oblique lines. Those modules which are located to the right of an arbitrary module are defined to be located on the right side. In this way, vertical or horizontal positional relations among all the modules are determined. Then, the left sides of those modules which have no other modules on their left sides are placed on a vertical baseline. The lower sides of those modules which have no other modules on their lower sides are placed on a horizontal baseline. The modules other than the modules existing on the vertical baseline are brought close to the left side without overlapping other modules. As a result, the modules are packed in on the left side. Similarly, the modules other than the modules existing on the horizontal baseline are brought close to the lower side without overlapping other modules. As a result, the modules are packed in on the lower side.
摘要:
Method of placing and extracting modules in such a way that a minimum area capable of accommodating the modules can be systematically searched for. The placement of the modules is started with drawing a grid having partitions or rooms greater in number than the modules. The grid is drawn by horizontal and vertical lines. Each horizontal line extends across two horizontally adjacent rooms. Each vertical line extends across two vertically adjacent rooms. Then, rectangular modules are arranged in the drawn rooms. Thereafter, the vertical lines are shrunk so that the horizontal lines are brought close to the top or bottom side of the grid while maintaining the vertical lengths of the modules inside the rooms. Finally, the horizontal lines are shrunk so that the vertical lines are brought close to the left or right side of the grid while maintaining the horizontal lengths of the modules inside the rooms.