公开(公告)号：US07981260B2

公开(公告)日：2011-07-19

申请号：US11575219

申请日：2005-09-12

Applicant: Guenther Huber ,  Reinhard Oettl ,  Manfred Munzinger ,  Heinz Neumann ,  Martina Schulz ,  Matthias Stahl ,  Gerhard Ruf ,  Ralph Hamleser ,  Hans-Juergen Bender ,  Volker Esswein

Inventor： Guenther Huber ,  Reinhard Oettl ,  Manfred Munzinger ,  Heinz Neumann ,  Martina Schulz ,  Matthias Stahl ,  Gerhard Ruf ,  Ralph Hamleser ,  Hans-Juergen Bender ,  Volker Esswein

IPC: C25D17/00 ,  C25B9/14

CPC classification number: C25C3/02 ,  C25C7/005 ,  C25C7/04

Abstract: An electrolysis cell for preparing alkali metals from a liquid alkali metal heavy metal alloy, including a tube arranged essentially horizontally having a closure device at each of the two ends of the tube. At least one solid electrolyte tube arranged concentrically in the tube and oriented with openings towards one end of the tube such that a first annular gap for conducting a liquid alkali metal, which forms an anode, is present between the inside of the tube and the outside of the solid electrolyte tube. An interior space in the solid electrolyte tube, sealed off from an alloy inlet, first annular gap and an alloy outlet, accommodates liquid alkali metal that can be used as a cathode.

Abstract translation: 一种用于从液态碱金属重金属合金制备碱金属的电解槽，包括基本上水平布置的管，在管的两端各有一个闭合装置。 至少一个固体电解质管同心地设置在管中并且朝向管的一端定向，使得在管的内部和外部之间存在用于导入形成阳极的液态碱金属的第一环形间隙 的固体电解质管。 在固体电解质管中，从合金入口，第一环形间隙和合金出口密封的内部空间容纳可用作阴极的液态碱金属。

公开(公告)号：US20110135565A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-09

申请号：US12632058

申请日：2009-12-07

Applicant: Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Terry D. Turner ,  Bruce M. Wilding ,  Lyman Frost

Inventor： Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Terry D. Turner ,  Bruce M. Wilding ,  Lyman Frost

IPC: C01B3/08 ,  B01J19/00 ,  C25B9/00

CPC classification number: C25C1/02 ,  B01J7/02 ,  C01B3/06 ,  C25B1/10 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C25C7/04 ,  Y02E60/366 ,  Y02P20/133 ,  Y02P20/134

Abstract: A method of producing hydrogen from sodium hydroxide and water is disclosed. The method comprises separating sodium from a first aqueous sodium hydroxide stream in a sodium ion separator, feeding the sodium produced in the sodium ion separator to a sodium reactor, reacting the sodium in the sodium reactor with water, and producing a second aqueous sodium hydroxide stream and hydrogen. The method may also comprise reusing the second aqueous sodium hydroxide stream by combining the second aqueous sodium hydroxide stream with the first aqueous sodium hydroxide stream. A system of producing hydrogen is also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种从氢氧化钠和水生产氢气的方法。 该方法包括将钠从钠离子分离器中的第一氢氧化钠水溶液流中分离出来，将钠离子分离器中产生的钠进料到钠反应器中，使钠反应器中的钠与水反应，并产生第二氢氧化钠水溶液流 和氢气。 该方法还可以包括通过将第二氢氧化钠水溶液与第一氢氧化钠水溶液流合并来重新使用第二氢氧化钠水溶液流。 还公开了一种生产氢的体系。

公开(公告)号：US20100200420A1

公开(公告)日：2010-08-12

申请号：US12677599

申请日：2008-09-03

Applicant: Adam J. Gesing ,  David K. Creber

Inventor： Adam J. Gesing ,  David K. Creber

IPC: C25C3/00

CPC classification number: C25C3/00 ,  C25C3/02 ,  C25C3/04 ,  C25C3/06 ,  C25C7/005 ,  C25C7/04

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-polar reduction cell for production of a light metal by electrolysis. The cell has an anode, a cathode, and at least one current-conducting multi-polar electrode interposed between the anode and the cathode. The cell has a molten electrolyte containing a metal salt to be electrolyzed held within the cell and preferably has means to maintain an upper surface of the electrolyte at a predetermined level within the cell. The level is preferably maintained above the upper end of the multi-polar electrode(s), at least in use of the cell. The multi-polar electrode has an electrically insulating surface at its upper end that minimizes or eliminates by-pass current between the anode and cathode when the cell is operated. The invention also relates to the method of minimizing or eliminating the by-pass current.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种通过电解生产轻金属的多极还原电池。 电池具有阳极，阴极和置于阳极和阴极之间的至少一个导电多极电极。 该电池具有含有待电解的金属盐的熔融电解质，并且优选具有将电解液的上表面保持在电池内预定水平的装置。 该电平优选至少在电池的使用中保持在多极电极的上端上方。 多极电极在其上端具有电绝缘表面，以在电池工作时使阳极和阴极之间的旁路电流最小化或消除。 本发明还涉及使旁路电流最小化或消除的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20090152104A1

公开(公告)日：2009-06-18

申请号：US12067670

申请日：2006-06-21

Applicant: Yuichi Ono ,  Masanori Yamaguchi

Inventor： Yuichi Ono ,  Masanori Yamaguchi

IPC: C25C3/08 ,  C25C3/12 ,  C25C3/28 ,  C25C3/00 ,  C25C3/26

CPC classification number: C25C3/02 ,  C25C7/005 ,  C25C7/04

Abstract: A molten salt electrolyzer for reducing metal comprises an electrolytic cell filled with a molten salt composed of a reducing metal chloride, an anode immersed in the molten salt of the electrolytic cell and surrounded by a first wall at the periphery thereof, and a cathode immersed in the molten salt of the electrolytic cell and surrounded by a second wall at the periphery thereof.

Abstract translation: 用于还原金属的熔融盐电解器包括填充有由还原金属氯化物组成的熔融盐的电解池，浸在电解槽的熔融盐中并被其周边的第一壁包围的阳极和浸入 电解池的熔融盐，并在周边由第二壁包围。

公开(公告)号：US20080149494A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-26

申请号：US11802184

申请日：2007-05-21

Applicant: Hiroo Tsuchiya

Inventor： Hiroo Tsuchiya

IPC: C25C1/12

CPC classification number: C25C1/12 ,  C25C7/00 ,  C25C7/04

Abstract: In a method for producing dense sheet-form electrolytic copper by electrowinning, the electrolyte contains a polyethylene glycol additive as a smoothening agent. In the prior art method, stirring is necessary. In an electrowinning method without stirring, the current concentrates on the edge portion of cathode 2. This current concentration is mitigated by means of conducting the electrolyzing current through a window 6b of a shielding plate 6 located in the vicinity of a cathode 2.

Abstract translation: 在通过电解沉积生产致密片状电解铜的方法中，电解质含有作为平滑剂的聚乙二醇添加剂。 在现有技术的方法中，需要进行搅拌。 在不搅拌的电解提取方法中，电流集中在阴极2的边缘部分上。 通过将电解电流通过位于阴极2附近的屏蔽板6的窗口6b来减轻该电流浓度。

公开(公告)号：US5904821A

公开(公告)日：1999-05-18

申请号：US900267

申请日：1997-07-25

Applicant: Howard M. Blank ,  Oswald Robert Bergmann ,  Walter John Simmons

Inventor： Howard M. Blank ,  Oswald Robert Bergmann ,  Walter John Simmons

IPC: C25C7/00 ,  C25C7/04 ,  C25C3/22

CPC classification number: C25C7/005 ,  C25C7/04

Abstract: An electrolytic cell is provided that increases current efficiency in the fused alkali chloride salt electrolysis process for producing chlorine and sodium or lithium by improved design of the cell's product collector, diaphragm and graphite anode.

Abstract translation: 提供一种电解池，其通过改善电池产品收集器，隔膜和石墨阳极的设计，提高用于产生氯和钠或锂的熔融碱金属氯化物盐电解方法中的电流效率。

公开(公告)号：US4988417A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-29

申请号：US291527

申请日：1988-12-29

Applicant: David H. DeYoung

Inventor： David H. DeYoung

IPC: C25C3/02 ,  C25C7/04

CPC classification number: C25C3/02 ,  C25C7/04

Abstract: A method of electrolytically producing lithium includes providing an electrolytic cell having an anode compartment and a cathode compartment. The compartments are separated by a porous electrically nonconductive membrane which will be wetted by the electrolyte and permit migration of lithium ions therethrough. Lithium carbonate is introduced into the anode compartment and produces delivery of lithium ions from the anode compartment to the cathode compartment where such ions are converted into lithium metal. The membrane is preferably a non-glass oxide membrane such as a magnesium oxide membrane. The membrane serves to resist undesired backflow of the lithium from the cathode compartment through the membrane into the anode compartment. Undesired communication between the anode and cathode is further resisted by separating the air spaces thereover. This may be accomplished by applying an inert gas purge and a positive pressure in the cathode compartment.The apparatus preferably includes an electrolytic cell with an anode compartment and a cathode compartment and an electrically nonconductive membrane which is wettable by the electrolyte and will permit migration of the lithium ion therethrough while resisting reverse passage of lithium therethrough.

Abstract translation: 电解生产锂的方法包括提供具有阳极室和阴极室的电解池。 隔室由多孔非导电膜隔开，其将被电解质润湿并允许锂离子通过其迁移。 将碳酸锂引入阳极室，并产生从阳极室到阴极室的锂离子输送，其中这些离子转化为锂金属。 膜优选为非玻璃氧化物膜，例如氧化镁膜。 膜用于防止锂从阴极室通过膜进入阳极室的不期望的回流。 阳极和阴极之间的不期望的通信通过分离其上的空气空间进一步抵抗。 这可以通过在阴极室中施加惰性气体吹扫和正压来实现。 该装置优选地包括具有阳极室和阴极室的电解池和可被电解质润湿的不导电膜，并且允许锂离子通过其中而阻止锂从其中反向通过。

公开(公告)号：US4804448A

公开(公告)日：1989-02-14

申请号：US65962

申请日：1987-06-24

Applicant: Anthony F. Sammells ,  Krystyna W. Semkow

Inventor： Anthony F. Sammells ,  Krystyna W. Semkow

IPC: C25C3/02 ,  C25C7/04 ,  C25C3/18 ,  C25C7/00

CPC classification number: C25C3/02 ,  C25C7/04

Abstract: A process and apparatus for electrochemically separating alkali oxides to simultaneously generate oxygen gas and liquid alkali metals in a high temperature electrolytic cell is provided. The high temperature electrolytic cell comprises a cathode in contact with an alkali ion conducting molten salt electrolyte separated from the anode by an oxygen vacancy conducting solid electrolyte. Alkali metals separated in the alkali metal reducing half cell reaction are useful as reducing agents in the direct thermochemical refining of lunar metal oxide ores to produce metallic species and alkali oxides, and the alkali oxides may then be recycled to the high temperature electrolytic cell.

Abstract translation: 提供一种用于电化学分离碱金属氧化物同时在高温电解池中产生氧气和液态碱金属的方法和装置。 高温电解池包括与通过氧空位传导固体电解质从阳极分离的导电熔融盐电解质的碱离子接触的阴极。 在碱金属还原半电池反应中分离的碱金属可用作月桂金属氧化物矿石的直接热化学精炼中的还原剂，以产生金属物质和碱金属氧化物，然后将碱金属氧化物再循环到高温电解池中。

公开(公告)号：US4326935A

公开(公告)日：1982-04-27

申请号：US110997

申请日：1980-01-10

Applicant: Karl Moeglich

Inventor： Karl Moeglich

IPC: B01D57/02 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C25B1/22 ,  C25B13/02 ,  C25C7/04

CPC classification number: B01D69/04 ,  B01D61/50 ,  B01D61/52 ,  C25B13/02 ,  C25C7/04 ,  C02F1/4606 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F2201/46115

Abstract: The invention relates to a membrane assembly and processes for the utilization of the membrane assembly, or membrane assemblies having like properties. The membrane assembly comprises intermixed layers of capillary material and high dielectric constant impermeable material, forming capillary channels parallel to the direction of ion transport through the membrane. The membrane is anion permeable, does not have membrane potential and will not foul even over extended operation, allows cross-flow of anions and cations, and is highly efficient. It is possible to remove complex metals from any contaminated acid by electrodialysis, such as removing vanadium and uranium in recoverable form from contaminated phosphoric acid, while producing food grade phosphoric acid in the process. Additionally, simple metals may be removed from mine waste liquids (from leaching), chlorine can be produced from a chloride containing salt, and chromium can be removed from chromium contaminated water by electrolysis. Milling sludge can be treated to form water, caustic, and acid, and mineralized water can be treated to form de-mineralized water, by subjecting the feed liquids to electrodialysis.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及膜组件和利用膜组件的方法，或具有相似性质的膜组件。 膜组件包括毛细管材料和高介电常数不渗透材料的混合层，形成平行于通过膜的离子传输方向的毛细管通道。 膜是阴离子可渗透的，不具有膜电位，即使在延长的操作中也不会弄脏，允许阴离子和阳离子的交叉流动，并且是高效的。 可以通过电渗析从任何污染的酸中除去复杂的金属，例如从污染的磷酸中除去可回收的钒和铀，同时在该过程中生产食品级磷酸。 另外，简单的金属可以从矿石废液中除去（浸出），可以由含氯化物的盐生成氯，并且可以通过电解从铬污染的水中除去铬。 研磨泥浆可以处理形成水，苛性碱和酸，并且可以通过对进料液进行电渗析来处理矿化水以形成去矿化水。

公开(公告)号：US4171250A

公开(公告)日：1979-10-16

申请号：US909432

申请日：1978-05-25

Applicant: William L. Eddleman

Inventor： William L. Eddleman

IPC: C25C1/16 ,  C25C7/04

CPC classification number: C22B19/22 ,  C25C1/16 ,  C25C7/04 ,  Y02P10/234 ,  Y02P10/236

Abstract: A method and apparatus for extraction of zinc ore is disclosed. The zinc ore is mixed with a dilute acid, typically sulfuric acid, in a leaching process and is thereafter filtered through an appropriate number of stages. The filtration removes some of the heavier metals such as lead. Purification removes other elements, typically copper and cadmium. After purification, the filtrate is introduced on the cathode side of a tank having an anode and cathode separated by a permeable diaphragm. The elemental zinc deposits on the cathode while reconstituted acid accumulates on the anode side. The acid is recovered and recycled to the leaching step. The rate of recovery of zinc at the cathode is substantial.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种提取锌矿的方法和装置。 在浸出过程中将锌矿石与稀酸（通常为硫酸）混合，然后通过适当数量的阶段过滤。 过滤除去一些较重的金属，如铅。 净化除去其他元素，通常是铜和镉。 纯化后，将滤液引入具有通过可渗透隔膜隔开的阳极和阴极的罐的阴极侧。 阴极上的元素锌沉积在阳极侧，而重构的酸积聚在阳极上。 将酸回收并再循环至浸出步骤。 阴极锌的回收率很大。