公开(公告)号：US5090325A

公开(公告)日：1992-02-25

申请号：US718306

申请日：1991-06-17

申请人： Takeo Saito ,  Yoshiaki Ishida ,  Nobuyuki Fukunaga ,  Mutsuhiko Kimura ,  Yasuo Metoki

发明人： Takeo Saito ,  Yoshiaki Ishida ,  Nobuyuki Fukunaga ,  Mutsuhiko Kimura ,  Yasuo Metoki

IPC分类号： E21D9/00

CPC分类号： E21D9/00

摘要： A tunnel driving method using a drill carriage provided with plural number of drill booms having drifters. According to a preferred embodiment, while the drill carriage is placed before a bench, the charging cages are moved to mark blasting holes and rock bolt holes for an upper portion. While the drill carriages are moved backward with a predetermined length, the charging cages are moved to insert the rock bolts for the upper portion. Simultaneously, the charging cages are operated in a lower portion to bore blasting holes for the lower portion. Then, the charging cages are operated to charge the blasting holes for the upper portion and the lower portion with dynamite for blasting so that the facing is broken and a new facing is formed. Subsequently, after first and second operation of concrete shooting, the above continuous operation is performed repeatedly.

摘要翻译： 一种隧道驱动方法，其使用具有多个具有漂移器的钻杆的钻台。 根据优选实施例，当钻台架放置在工作台之前，充电笼移动以标记用于上部的喷砂孔和岩石螺栓孔。 当钻架以预定长度向后移动时，移动充电笼以插入用于上部的岩石螺栓。 同时，充电笼在下部操作以对下部钻孔。 然后，对充电保持架进行操作，用用于爆破的炸药对上部和下部的喷孔充电，使得面部破裂并形成新的面。 随后，在混凝土射击的第一次和第二次操作之后，重复执行上述连续操作。

公开(公告)号：US4979848A

公开(公告)日：1990-12-25

申请号：US430569

申请日：1989-11-02

申请人： Gerhard Sauer

发明人： Gerhard Sauer

IPC分类号： E02D5/80 ,  E02D17/20 ,  E21D9/00 ,  E21D20/00 ,  E21D21/00

CPC分类号： E21D9/001 ,  E02D5/80 ,  E21D20/003 ,  E21D21/0033 ,  E21D21/0053

摘要： A process for protecting nonstable or moderately stable, cohesionless to slightly cohesive geologic formations, in particular, in tunnel construction, in which drill holes are first made by boring into the formation and, following completion of the boring, the drilling rod is removed. During this removal a hardenable injection material is forced into the drill hole, whereby, using a drilling rod, a pointed rod or anchoring element is placed in position in the boring. This element remains in the boring during removal of the drilling rod, and is solidly connected to the formation by the injection material.

摘要翻译： 保护不稳定或适度稳定的内聚力，特别是隧道施工中的轻微粘结地质构造的过程，其中钻孔首先通过钻孔进入地层，并且在钻孔完成之后，钻取杆被移除。 在该移除过程中，将可淬火的注射材料压入钻孔中，由此使用钻杆，将尖的杆或锚定元件放置在钻孔中就位。 在拆除钻杆期间该元件保持钻孔，并且通过注射材料牢固地连接到地层。

公开(公告)号：US4880334A

公开(公告)日：1989-11-14

申请号：US180461

申请日：1988-04-11

申请人： Giosue Miotti

发明人： Giosue Miotti

IPC分类号： E21D9/00 ,  E02D29/05

CPC分类号： E02D29/05

摘要： According to the present invention, tunnels, particularly shallow tunnels, are constructed by excavating slurry filled cross-trenches in a direction transverse to the axis of the tunnel and at regular intervals along the line or axis of the tunnel. Prefabricated frame elements are inserted into the cross-trenches to, in essence, create the tunnel wall lateral support structure before the tunnel walls are installed. Then the tunnel sidewalls are excavated under bentonite clay or mud slurry to form cross-slots between the previously installed support frames. Precast concrete sidewalls or panels are inserted between the support frames. The frames and sidewalls have interlocking tongue and groove or keyway structures so as to interfit and lock same into position. When the sidewalls are in place, the roof of the tunnel may be either cast in place and then the soil excavated to form the actual tunnel and then the floor cast or the tunnel may be excavated down to the floor or invert level and then the floor or inverts cast and then the roof cast.

公开(公告)号：US4784522A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-15

申请号：US89726

申请日：1987-08-26

申请人： Dennis Mraz

发明人： Dennis Mraz

IPC分类号： E21F17/103 ,  E21D9/00

CPC分类号： E21F17/103

摘要： Various high pressure isolation structures are operative to prevent brine or other unwanted liquid from seeping through incompetent or soluble rocks. In one embodiment, a pair of barrier dams are constructed in spaced relation within an underground passageway, and the interface between each dam and the host rock is sealed. A hydrophobic liquid is introduced under pressure into the passageway between the dams so as to impregnate the microfracture system within the host rock. A monitoring installation may be employed to sample the area on the flood side of the upstream barrier dam. Alternate embodiments of isolation structures in the form of expandable bulkheads may be employed to effect accelerated rock repressurization so as to close the microfractures either individually or in combination with another barrier dam with hydrophobic liquid.

摘要翻译： 各种高压隔离结构可操作以防止盐水或其他不需要的液体通过无能或可溶性岩石渗出。 在一个实施例中，一对阻挡坝在地下通道内以间隔的关系构造，并且每个坝与主岩之间的界面被密封。 在压力下将疏水性液体引入到坝之间的通道中，以便在主岩内浸渍微裂缝系统。 可以采用监控装置对上游障碍坝的洪水侧的区域进行采样。 可采用可膨胀舱壁形式的隔离结构的替代实施例来实现加速岩石再加压，以便单独地或与另一个具有疏水性液体的阻挡坝组合地关闭微裂缝。

公开(公告)号：US4657435A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-14

申请号：US814047

申请日：1985-12-27

申请人： Ming Y. Chang

发明人： Ming Y. Chang

IPC分类号： E02D27/52 ,  E02D29/063 ,  E21D9/00

CPC分类号： E02D29/063 ,  E02D27/52

摘要： A novel method of underwater tunnel construction is provided which comprises the employment of a double-layered flexible mold or form and the introduction of both an inert and a reactive fluid into spacings of the mold so as to produce both the shape and the basic structure of the designated tunnel. Upon consolidation of the reactive fluid, the inert fluid will be withdrawn and air is filled in to provide the tunnel spacing for further finishing work and normal function of the tunnel. When completed, the designated tunnel basically consists of a sandwich-like structural body having a least an inner and an outer layer of impermeable fabrics and sandwiched within these fabrics a relatively thick layer of consolidated mass such as concrete which constitutes the main structure or walls of the tunnel. A second layer of consolidated mass may be provided through the use of a third and outer fabric and the corresponding introduction of the reactive fluid into the enclosed spacing thereof. This provides the lateral strength for the tunnel. Alternatively, the basic tunnel structure may also be erected within a depression pre-excavated on the floor of the watercourse to delete the need for supplementary wall system.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种新颖的水下隧道施工方法，其包括使用双层柔性模具或形式，以及将惰性和反应性流体引入到模具的间隔中，以便产生形状和基本结构 指定隧道。 在反应流体固结时，惰性流体将被抽出并且填充空气以提供隧道间距以进一步完成工作和隧道的正常功能。 完成后，指定的隧道基本上由三层结构体构成，其具有至少内层和外层的不渗透织物并且夹在这些织物内，相对较厚的固结块如混凝土层构成主要结构或壁 隧道。 可以通过使用第三和外部织物提供第二层固结块，并将反应流体相应地引入其封闭的间隔。 这为隧道提供了横向的强度。 或者，基础隧道结构也可以在预先挖掘在水道地板上的凹陷内竖立，以删除对补充墙系统的需要。

公开(公告)号：US4648743A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-10

申请号：US790470

申请日：1985-10-23

申请人： Gerhard Sauer

发明人： Gerhard Sauer

IPC分类号： E02D29/055 ,  E21D9/00 ,  E21D11/00

CPC分类号： E02D29/055

摘要： In a method of producing a subterranean structure comprises the steps of excavating a ditch or hole in the ground to a desired subterranean level, placing the ceiling directly on the excavated ground at this level, filling the hole in the ground, and driving an arched tunnel into the ground below the ceiling, the ceiling is fixed in position and the ground is stabilized before the hole is filled and the arched tunnel is driven into the ground, by anchoring the ceiling with retaining elements projecting downwardly from the ceiling into the ground below, and arranging the retaining elements to form piles protecting the tunnel arch at respective sides thereof and preventing earth from crashing through the tunnel arch.

摘要翻译： 一种生产地下结构的方法包括以下步骤：将地面上的沟渠或孔挖掘到期望的地下水平面，将天花板直接放置在该层的挖掘的地面上，填充地面上的孔，并且驱动拱形隧道 在天花板下面的地面上，天花板被固定在位置，并且在孔被填充之前地面稳定，并且拱形隧道被驱动到地面中，通过将具有从天花板向下突出的保持元件固定在下面的地面中的天花板， 并且设置保持元件以形成在相应侧面保护隧道拱的桩，并防止地球撞击通过隧道拱。

公开(公告)号：US4618283A

公开(公告)日：1986-10-21

申请号：US647841

申请日：1984-09-06

申请人： William K. Hilfiker

发明人： William K. Hilfiker

IPC分类号： E02D17/18 ,  E02D29/02 ,  E02D29/05 ,  E21D9/00

CPC分类号： E02D29/0241 ,  E02D17/18 ,  E02D29/05

摘要： An archway construction positioned over a pathway for supporting a crossroad or the like. The archway has three primary sections including an upper ceiling section which spans the pathway and which is supported on two vertical support sections positioned on opposite sides of the pathway. The three primary sections are each comprised of alternating layers of compacted soil fill and steel reinforcing mats, with the mats serving to stabilize the fill. The ceiling section preferably includes at least three reinforcing mats including a lower flat mat and a pair of curved upper mats, with the three mats being separated by layers of fill except in a central region midway between the vertical support sections where the three mats are connected together. The two upper curved mats of the ceiling section provide vertical support for the center of the lower flat mat.

摘要翻译： 位于用于支撑十字路口等的路径上的拱形结构。 拱门具有三个主要部分，其包括横跨路径的上部天花板部分，并且支撑在位于路径的相对侧上的两个垂直支撑部分上。 三个主要部分各自包括交替的压实填土层和钢筋垫，其中垫用于稳定填料。 天花板部分优选地包括至少三个加强垫，其包括下平垫和一对弯曲的上垫，其中三个垫由填充层分隔，除了在三个垫连接的垂直支撑部分之间的中间区域之外的中心区域 一起。 天花板部分的两个上部弧​​形垫片为下部平垫的中心提供垂直支撑。

公开(公告)号：US4490086A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-25

申请号：US337161

申请日：1982-01-05

申请人： Dieter G. Luck

发明人： Dieter G. Luck

IPC分类号： B62D15/00 ,  E21D9/00 ,  E21D9/12 ,  B60P1/56

CPC分类号： E21D9/00 ,  B62D15/00 ,  E21D9/126

摘要： A load distribution vehicle which is adapted to run on a rail track on or over a train of open topped cars for the purpose of loading the cars with particulate material such as mineral ore, broken rock, sand, granular food stuff or the like. The vehicle consists of a bottom discharge hopper which includes a self contained power source for driving the vehicle on its rail track and opening and closing its load discharge doors. The wheels of the vehicle are rotatable on vertical axes and are dish shaped to provide the vehicle with an abnormal transverse movement capacity on its track to enable it to negotiate sharp kinks in its track.

摘要翻译： 一种负载分配车辆，其适于在开放式顶部车辆的列车上或上方的轨道上运行，以便用诸如矿石，破碎的岩石，沙子，颗粒状食品等的颗粒材料加载车辆。 车辆由底部排出料斗组成，其包括用于在其轨道上驱动车辆的独立的动力源并打开和关闭其卸载门。 车辆的车轮可以在垂直轴线上旋转，并且是碟形的，以便在其轨道上为车辆提供异常的横向移动能力，以使其能够在其轨道中协商锋利的扭结。

公开(公告)号：US4406498A

公开(公告)日：1983-09-27

申请号：US272059

申请日：1981-06-09

申请人： Toshio Akesaka

发明人： Toshio Akesaka

IPC分类号： E21D9/06 ,  E21D9/00 ,  E21D9/08 ,  E21D9/087 ,  E21D9/13

CPC分类号： E21D9/13 ,  E21D9/0657 ,  E21D9/087

摘要： A method for excavating a tunnel wherein the muck from the tunnel face is admitted into the shield; the muck is pressed by a pressure of a predetermined level higher than an active earth pressure in the face and lower than a passive earth pressure as the shield body is moved forward, thereby establishing the balance between the earth pressure in the face ground and the muck pressure; and a liquid of a level balancing the underground water pressure is used to resist the underground water, thereby preventing movement of the underground water, whereby the face is maintained stable; and when the muck pressure is raised over the predetermined level, the muck is discharged out of the shield. A shield tunneling machine embodying the above described method comprises a cutter head (24,124) allowing the passing of the muck therethrough, a diaphragm (14,114) provided in the shield body (10,110), a muck inlet (16,116) provided in the diaphragm, a cover member (50,148,149) adapted to open and close the muck inlet and coupled to an operating means (52,160) presetting the muck pressure at the aforesaid predetermined level, and a muck chamber provided behind the diaphragm and usually charged with a liquid.

摘要翻译： 一种用于挖掘隧道的方法，其中来自隧道面的垃圾进入盾构; 当屏蔽体向前移动时，泥浆被压在比面积中的主动土压力高的预定水平的压力下并且比被动地面压力低的压力，从而建立了地面的地面压力和泥土之间的平衡 压力; 使用平衡地下水压力的液体来抵抗地下水，从而防止地下水的移动，从而使面部保持稳定; 并且当泥渣压力升高到预定水平时，粪便被排出屏蔽。 体现上述方法的盾构隧道掘进机包括：允许通过其的泥浆通过的切割头（24,124），设置在屏蔽体（10,110）中的隔膜（14,114），设置在隔膜中的垃圾入口（16,116）， 盖构件（50,148,149），其适于打开和关闭垃圾入口并且联接到预设上述预定水平的垃圾压力的操作装置（52,160）以及设置在隔膜后面并且通常装有液体的垃圾箱。

公开(公告)号：US4383054A

公开(公告)日：1983-05-10

申请号：US268038

申请日：1981-05-28

申请人： Heinz Schulze ,  Harold G. Waddill

发明人： Heinz Schulze ,  Harold G. Waddill

IPC分类号： C08G59/50 ,  C08G65/334 ,  C08L63/00 ,  C09K8/575 ,  E21D9/00 ,  C08L63/02

CPC分类号： E21D9/002 ,  C08G59/504 ,  C08G65/3346 ,  C08L63/00 ,  C09K8/5755

摘要： A self curing aqueous solution/dispersion comprising about 50-70 wt. % water, about 25-35 wt. % of a novel N-polymethylene substituted polyoxypropylene polyamine and about 3-9 wt. % of a curable polymer-forming component such as an epoxy-resin is described. The solution is useful for injection into permeable earth formations such as unconsolidated sands to reduce their permeability and consolidate the formation. Novel N-substituted polyamines of the formula [NaO.sub.3 S--R.sub.1 ].sub.m A wherein R.sub.1 is a C.sub.2 to C.sub.6 polymethylene group and A is a polyoxyalkylene polyamine are employed in the solution to render the epoxy-resin component adequately soluble or dispersible in the aqueous solution and to act as the curing agent for the resin.

摘要翻译： 一种自固化水溶液/分散体，其包含约50-70wt。 ％水，约25-35重量％ ％的新型N-聚亚甲基取代的聚氧丙烯多胺和约3-9重量％ 描述了可固化聚合物形成组分如环氧树脂的％。 该溶液可用于注入渗透性地层，如未固结的砂，以降低其渗透性并巩固地层。 在溶液中使用具有式[NaO 3 S-R 1] mA的新型N-取代多胺，其中R1是C2-C6聚亚甲基，A是聚氧化烯多胺，使得环氧树脂组分充分地溶解或分散在水溶液中， 作为树脂的固化剂。