公开(公告)号：US20030048223A1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-13

申请号：US10266128

申请日：2002-10-07

发明人： Vytas Kezys

IPC分类号： H01Q003/22

CPC分类号： H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q19/32 ,  H01Q21/0025 ,  H01Q21/20 ,  H04B7/0857 ,  H04B7/086

摘要： An adaptive parasitic array antenna system having properties of directive gain, self-pointing and interference rejection is provided including an adaptive parasitic array antenna comprising at least one active element and one or more parasitic elements coupled to controlled impedances (CI). The system further comprises a transceiver, a content-based optimization criterion computation module (CBOCCM), and a control variable optimizer (CVO). The CBOCCM receives a signal wavefonn from the active element through the transceiver, and computes an optimization criterion (OC) based on the content of the received signal. The optimization criterion is coupled to the CVO, which adaptively computes one or more control variables (CV), which are coupled to the controlled impedances CI in order to adjust the beampattern created by the adaptive parasitic array antenna. Also disclosed are two preferred adaptation implementations and algorithms, a pilot-tone based adaptation system, and a decision-directed based adaptation system.

摘要翻译： 提供一种具有指向性增益，自我指向和抗干扰抑制特性的自适应寄生阵列天线系统，其包括自适应寄生阵列天线，其包括耦合到受控阻抗（CI）的至少一个有源元件和一个或多个寄生元件。 该系统还包括收发器，基于内容的优化准则计算模块（CBOCCM）和控制变量优化器（CVO）。 CBOCCM通过收发器从有源元件接收信号波，并根据接收信号的内容计算优化标准（OC）。 优化标准耦合到CVO，其自适应地计算耦合到受控阻抗CI的一个或多个控制变量（CV），以便调整由自适应寄生阵列天线产生的波峰图案。 还公开了两种优选的适应实现和算法，基于导频音调的适配系统和基于决策的适配系统。

公开(公告)号：US20030043071A1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-06

申请号：US09941299

申请日：2001-08-27

申请人： e-tenna Corporation

发明人： James D. Lilly ,  William E. McKinzie III

IPC分类号： H01Q003/22 ,  H01Q003/24

CPC分类号： H01Q3/2682 ,  H01P1/184 ,  H01Q3/22 ,  H01Q3/2605 ,  H01Q21/0006

摘要： An antenna system includes a beamformer having a feed port and a one-dimensional or two-dimensional arrangement of output ports, radiating antenna elements coupled with output ports of the beamformer, and an antenna control unit coupled with the beamformer to steer a beam of the antenna system. The antenna system forms an electrically steerable, phased array antenna having a beam steering angle which is constant over a very broad band of frequencies. Specific applications for the antenna system include satellite communications including tracking low earth orbiting satellites, radar systems and data links using a steerable antenna for self-installation, self-healing and adaptation.

摘要翻译： 天线系统包括波束形成器，波束形成器具有馈送端口和输出端口的一维或二维布置，辐射天线元件与波束形成器的输出端口耦合，天线控制单元与波束形成器耦合以控制波束形成器的波束 天线系统 天线系统形成电导向相控阵天线，其具有在非常宽的频带上恒定的波束转向角。 天线系统的具体应用包括卫星通信，包括跟踪低地球轨道卫星，雷达系统和数据链路，使用可导向天线进行自我安装，自我修复和适应。

公开(公告)号：US20030006934A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-09

申请号：US10242605

申请日：2002-09-13

发明人： Shuichi Obayashi

IPC分类号： H01Q003/22

CPC分类号： H01Q3/2605

摘要： An adaptive array antenna comprising array antenna elements, first and second phase control circuits for transmission data packet, a distributor distributing the transmission data packet to one of the first and second phase control circuits based on the destination, and phase shift amount control circuit controlling the phase shift amount of the first and second phase control circuits based on the destination.

公开(公告)号：US20020180639A1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-05

申请号：US10076088

申请日：2002-02-15

发明人： Bryan Stephen Rickett ,  Peter John Wright ,  Nicholas Alfred Carter

IPC分类号： H01Q003/22 ,  G01S003/16

CPC分类号： H01Q21/22 ,  G01S3/42 ,  G01S13/4463 ,  H01Q3/22 ,  H01Q3/36 ,  H01Q21/061 ,  H01Q25/002

摘要： A method is presented for operating a phased array antenna comprising a number of sub-arrays. The method comprises the steps of introducing phase offsets into signals received from/transmitted to each element in the antenna, to provide directional transmit or receive sensitivity in a first direction; summing signals received from each element in each sub-array to provide respective sub-array signals; introducing respective phase offsets into the respective sub-array signals to adjust the direction of maximum sensitivity within a sensitivity envelope defined by the phase offsets applied to each element of the antenna as a whole. The method further comprises the step of adjusting the phase offset of each element of each respective sub-array by a respective amount, thereby to alter the directional sensitivity of each respective sub-array, respective sub-arrays having the phase offset of their elements adjusted by differing amounts thereby providing the sub-arrays with a variety of directional sensitivities diverging from the first direction.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于操作包括多个子阵列的相控阵天线的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：将相位偏移引入从/发射到天线中的每个元件的信号中，以在第一方向上提供定向发射或接收灵敏度; 从每个子阵列中的每个元件接收的信号相加以提供相应的子阵列信号; 将相应的相位偏移引入相应的子阵列信号中，以在由施加到天线的每个元件的整个相位偏移定义的灵敏度包络内调节最大灵敏度的方向。 该方法还包括以下步骤：将每个相应子阵列的每个元件的相位偏移调整相应的量，从而改变每个相应子阵列的方向灵敏度，相应的子阵列的相位偏移被调整 通过不同的量从而为子阵列提供从第一方向发散的各种方向灵敏度。

公开(公告)号：US20020175859A1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-28

申请号：US09859927

申请日：2001-05-17

发明人： Irwin L. Newberg ,  Oleg Brovko ,  Steve I. Hsu ,  Robert A. Kosmala ,  Trung T. Nguyen ,  Ricardo Rico JR.

IPC分类号： H01Q003/22

CPC分类号： H01Q3/2682

摘要： A system and technique for phased array antenna beam steering for transmitting and receiving without sending the waveform through an actual (physical) time delay when a time varying frequency is used as the waveform. The inventive system is adapted for use with an antenna having an array of radiating elements and includes a plurality of signal sources. Each source is adapted to provide a signal having a predetermined frequency offset signal for an associated radiating element or set of radiating elements. For transmit a plurality of first mixers is provided. Each of the first mixers is coupled to receive an excitation signal as a first input and the output from a respective one of the sources as a second input. The output of each mixer is coupled to a respective subset of the antenna radiating elements. In effect, each of the sources provides a virtual time delay. In a specific embodiment, the virtual time delay source includes a direct digital synthesizer and a digital-to-analog converter connected to receive the output thereof. A second mixer is included in each source for mixing the output of the converter with the output of a supplemental signal source. For receive the process is implemented the same way as for transmit for the range of the desired nulltargetnull return. The output of the second mixer is supplied to a respective one of the first mixers. The invention adjusts the phase and frequency of an RF waveform that is spread out in frequency and time such that each frequency arrives at the radiating elements of a phased array antenna with the phase that will steer the antenna beam in the desired direction. The relative signal phase at each radiating element is made to be independent of the signal carrier frequency and thus the antenna beam pointing is made independent of RF carrier frequency.

摘要翻译： 一种用于相位阵列天线波束控制的系统和技术，用于发送和接收，而不会在使用时变频率作为波形时通过实际（物理）时间延迟发送波形。 本发明的系统适用于具有辐射元件阵列的天线，并且包括多个信号源。 每个源适于提供具有用于相关联的辐射元件或一组辐射元件的预定频率偏移信号的信号。 为了发送，提供了多个第一混合器。 每个第一混频器被耦合以接收作为第一输入的激励信号和来自相应一个源的输出作为第二输入。 每个混频器的输出耦合到天线辐射元件的相应子集。 实际上，每个源提供虚拟的时间延迟。 在具体实施例中，虚拟时间延迟源包括直接数字合成器和连接以接收其输出的数模转换器。 每个源中包括第二混频器，用于将转换器的输出与补充信号源的输出混合。 对于接收，该过程的实现方式与传输所需的“目标”返回的范围相同。 第二混合器的输出被提供给第一混合器中的相应一个。 本发明调整在频率和时间上分散的RF波形的相位和频率，使得每个频率到达相控阵天线的辐射元件，其相位将使天线波束沿所需方向转向。 使每个辐射元件处的相对信号相位与信号载波频率无关，因此使天线波束指向与RF载波频率无关。

公开(公告)号：US20020167443A1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-14

申请号：US09863975

申请日：2001-05-23

发明人： William E. McKinzie III ,  James D. Lilly

IPC分类号： H01Q003/22

CPC分类号： H01Q3/2682

摘要： An antenna beamformer is disclosed that uses controllable time delay elements distributed in a planar fractal feed network between the input port and multiple output ports. The use of time delay elements, rather than phase shifting elements, allows the beamformer to maintain a constant steering angle independent of frequencies over a broad range of frequencies. In addition, fewer control signals are used to control all of the time delay elements due to distributing the time delay elements throughout the fractal feed network, rather than grouping the delay elements near the output ports.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种天线波束形成器，其使用分布在输入端口和多个输出端口之间的平面分形馈电网络中的可控延时元件。 使用时间延迟元件而不是相移元件允许波束形成器保持与宽频率范围上的频率无关的恒定转向角。 此外，由于在整个分形馈送网络中分布时间延迟元件而不是将输出端口附近的延迟元件分组，所以使用较少的控制信号来控制所有的延时元件。

公开(公告)号：US20020158798A1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-31

申请号：US09845133

申请日：2001-04-30

发明人： Bing Chiang ,  Griffin K. Gothard ,  Christopher A. Snyder ,  Kenneth M. Gainey

IPC分类号： H01Q003/22

CPC分类号： H01Q3/446 ,  H01Q9/32 ,  H01Q19/32

摘要： An antenna array having a central active element and a plurality of passive elements surrounding the active element is disclosed. A dielectric substrate or other slow wave structure is disposed radially outwardly from the passive elements for slowing the radio frequency waves so as to increase the antenna directivity by reducing the amount of energy radiated in the elevation direction.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有中心有源元件和围绕有源元件的多个无源元件的天线阵列。 电介质基片或其他慢波结构从无源元件径向向外设置，用于减慢射频频率，从而通过减少沿仰角方向辐射的能量的量来增加天线的方向性。

公开(公告)号：US20020135513A1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-26

申请号：US09816047

申请日：2001-03-22

发明人： Dean Alan Paschen ,  Peter Moosbrugger

IPC分类号： H01Q003/22

CPC分类号： H01Q3/267

摘要： A phased array type antenna apparatus compensates for phase and time differences between signals received at different elements of the antenna. Each element within the antenna apparatus has an associated phase/time adjuster circuit. The signals from each element are divided, with the first output routed to a combining circuit. The second output of one element is used as a reference signal, with the second output from the remaining elements routed to a switch. One signal is selected at the switch, and is used as a non-reference signal. Phase difference between the reference signal and the non-reference signal is determined at a comparator circuit, and the phase/time adjuster circuit associated with the non-reference signal is adjusted to bring the two signals into phase alignment. Time difference between the reference and non-reference signal is determined using dual correlators and a comparator circuit. The comparator circuit compares the magnitude of an in-phase channel and a quadrature channel from each comparator to determine time difference between the signals. The phase/time adjuster circuit is adjusted to bring the signals into time alignment. When each element is phase and time aligned, the output of the combining circuit is enhanced. Time difference can also be determined for several distinct phased array apertures within an antenna apparatus.

摘要翻译： 相控阵天线装置补偿在天线的不同元件处接收的信号之间的相位和时间差。 天线装置内的每个元件具有相关联的相位/时间调节器电路。 来自每个元件的信号被分割，第一个输出路由到组合电路。 一个元件的第二个输出用作参考信号，其余元素的第二个输出路由到一个开关。 在开关处选择一个信号，并用作非参考信号。 在比较器电路中确定参考信号和非参考信号之间的相位差，并且调整与非参考信号相关联的相位/时间调节器电路以使两个信号相位对准。 使用双相关器和比较器电路确定参考和非参考信号之间的时间差。 比较器电路比较来自每个比较器的同相信道的幅度和正交信道的大小，以确定信号之间的时间差。 调整相位/时间调节器电路以使信号及时对准。 当每个元件是相位和时间对准时，组合电路的输出被增强。 也可以为天线装置内的几个不同的相控阵孔确定时间差。

公开(公告)号：US20020105463A1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-08

申请号：US09990692

申请日：2001-11-09

申请人： Harris Corporation

发明人： David Kenyon Vail ,  Frank J. Tabor ,  Daniel P. Blom ,  Stephen S. Wilson

IPC分类号： H01Q003/22

CPC分类号： H01Q3/36 ,  H01Q1/02 ,  H01Q1/246 ,  H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q21/062 ,  H01Q21/24 ,  H04B7/04

摘要： A phased array antenna may include a substrate and at least one phased array antenna element carried thereby, at least one element controller for controlling the at least one phased array antenna element based upon desired compensation data, and a central controller for supplying to the at least one element controller a current value of a quick control parameter and a block of current compensation data. The block of current compensation data may be based upon a current value of a slow control parameter and a range of possible values for the quick control parameter. Further, the quick control parameter may vary more quickly than the slow control parameter. Additionally, the at least one element controller may determine the desired compensation data based upon the supplied block of current compensation data and the current value of the quick control parameter.

摘要翻译： 相控阵天线可以包括衬底和由此携带的至少一个相控阵列天线元件，至少一个元件控制器，用于基于期望的补偿数据控制至少一个相控阵天线元件，以及中央控制器，用于至少向 一个元件控制器是快速控制参数的当前值和当前补偿数据块。 电流补偿数据块可以基于慢速控制参数的当前值和快速控制参数的可能值的范围。 此外，快速控制参数可以比慢速控制参数更快地变化。 另外，至少一个元件控制器可以基于所提供的当前补偿数据块和快速控制参数的当前值来确定期望的补偿数据。

公开(公告)号：US20020105462A1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-08

申请号：US09979564

申请日：2001-11-14

发明人： Hans Bloecher

IPC分类号： H01Q003/22

CPC分类号： H01Q3/24 ,  H04B7/0805 ,  H04B7/0825 ,  H04B7/0831

摘要： In order in simple manner to switchably cover a wide angle in sectors using an antenna array with broad main lobe, an antenna elements are so arranged, that the elements can be individually selected, so that some elements of the array can be operated in-phase and other elements operated in phase-opposition relative to each other. In order to determine the entry direction of a received signal, it is possible to operate the antenna array with non-symmetric antenna diagram, or however also to additively influence the symmetry of antenna characteristic by the use of a supplemental receiver element.

摘要翻译： 为了以简单的方式使用具有宽主瓣的天线阵列可切换地覆盖扇区中的广角，天线元件被布置成可以单独地选择元件，使得阵列的一些元件可以同相地操作 以及相对于彼此相对操作的其它元件。 为了确定接收信号的输入方向，可以用非对称天线图来操作天线阵列，或者也可以通过使用补充接收器元件来加和地影响天线特性的对称性。