Abstract:
A camera uses a film cartridge, which has an information recording disk which is rotatable integrally with a cartridge spool shaft and represents information inherent to a film, and feeds the film leading end portion from the cartridge by using a driver. A data detector reads the film information from the disk of the cartridge loaded in the camera. A nonvolatile memory stores the film information read from the disk. When the cartridge is loaded into the camera, the camera feeds the film leading end portion from the cartridge, reads the film information, and writes the read information in the memory. Another camera uses a film having two perforations per frame. The moving amount of the film fed by a motor controller is detected by a film driven roller rotation detector. A perforation on the film is detected by the perforation detector. Prior to at least the driving operation of the motor controller, information indicating the film feeding operation is stored in an EEPROM. The overall operations of the camera are controlled by a CPU. When a power supply is interrupted during the film feeding operation, the CPU determines the position of the next frame to be photographed on the film based on the outputs from the EEPROM, the film driven roller rotation detector, and the perforation detector.
Abstract:
When a client sends an RPC request that requests a server for a service, the client adds identification information to the RPC request. When an active server receives an RPC request, it stores the identification information thereof in a stable area that is not destroyed even if a defect takes place in the client or the server, and executes the requested service. When a defect takes place in the active server, the backup server takes over the process of the active server. A PALIB of the backup server compares the identification information of the RPC request re-sent from the client with the identification information in the stable area. When they match, the PALIB determines that the RPC request is redundant. The backup server performs a redundant process and sends back the correct result to the client.
Abstract:
In a stage slit type focus position detecting system, an opening pattern unit (11A) on a reticle (10) is illuminated with exposure light (IL1) from a light source system (1), and light passing through the opening pattern unit (11A) is received through a projection optical system (13) and a reference pattern plate (23). In a stage emission type focus position detecting system, the reference pattern plate (23) is illuminated with illuminating light from a light source (35), and light passing through the reference pattern plate (23) and further going and returning through the projection optical system (13) is received by a photoelectric detector (42). An oblique incidence type AF sensor has a light-transmitting system (24) and a converging optical system (28). Thus, even if the projection optical system absorbs thermal energy of exposure light and thus causes the position of its image-formation plane to change, calibration of the oblique incidence type AF sensor can be readily made by using the stage slit type focus position detecting system and the stage emission type focus position detecting system.
Abstract:
A projection exposure apparatus comprises a projection optical system for projecting a pattern of a mask on a photosensitive substrate, a stage, for holding the photosensitive substrate, movable in an optical-axis direction of the projection optical system and in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, a position detection system for outputting a detection signal corresponding to a deviation of the projection optical system in the optical-axis direction between an imaging plane of the projection optical system and the surface of the photosensitive substrate by projecting a beam of light assuming a predetermined shape on the photosensitive substrate and, at the same time, photoelectrically detecting the reflected light from the photosensitive substrate, a fiducial member provided on the stage and having a fiducial pattern assuming a predetermined shape, and a device for detecting an irradiation position of the light beam within a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the projection optical system on the basis of variations in intensity of a detection signal outputted from the position detection system when the fiducial pattern and the light beam are relatively moved in the predetermined direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the projection optical system.
Abstract:
A data printing apparatus of this invention controls the emission timing or the emission interval of a light-emitting means on the basis of a signal according to traveling of a sheet film along a traveling path so as to print data free from blurring of characters or a variation in interval between characters on the sheet film having no perforations. After an exposure operation is ended, the apparatus feeds the sheet film from an exposure position along a spool wall. Light corresponding to digital numerals representing a date is emitted by light-emitting elements, and the date to be printed by the light-emitting elements is focused on the sheet film by an optical system. The date on the sheet film is printed during traveling of the sheet film along the spool wall. The apparatus also includes a photoreflector, arranged in a traveling chamber of the film, for detecting an emulsion portion on which an object image from a photographing lens is exposed, and the remaining frame portion on the basis of a difference in reflectance, and a timer for measuring a moving time from when the frame portion is detected by the photoreflector until the emulsion portion is detected thereby, and controls the emission timings of the light-emitting elements on the basis of the moving time.
Abstract:
A motor driven camera includes a plurality of motors for independently driving individual actuators of a camera such as film winder, shutter charger, a drive associated with a movable reflecting mirror and diaphragm driver. In addition, the camera includes a storage battery, a drive circuit for feeding the power from the battery to the plurality of motors, and a controller which controls the drive circuit. In accordance with the invention, a film winding rate or the rotational speed of a motor which performs a shutter charging operation or the speed of operation of the movable reflecting mirror or the voltage of the power supply is detected, and the plurality of motors are automatically switched between the concurrent drive and the sequential drive in accordance with the detected value. Subsequent to the switching, either drive to which the operation is switched is maintained.
Abstract:
A metal layer of aluminum, an aluminum-silicon alloy, aluminum-copper alloy to be patterned is formed on an insulating substrate and a mask layer of a predetermined pattern is formed on the metal layer and then the metal layer is subjected to electrolytic etching by an electrolyte through the mask layer, forming a patterned metal layer. When the metal layer is formed of aluminum, the electrolyte is an aqueous solution including a solute consisting principally of phosphoric acid; phosphoric acid and nitric acid; phosphoric acid, nitric acid and acetic acid; hydrochloric acid; potassium hydroxide; or sodium hydroxide. When the metal layer is formed of the aluminum-copper alloy, the electrolyte is an aqueous solution including a solute consisting principally of phosphoric acid; phosphoric acid and nitric acid; or phosphoric acid, nitric acid and acetic acid. A DC constant-current source is connected between the metal layer and electrode corresponding thereto, and the electrolytic etching is carried out until voltage between the metal layer and the electrode increases suddenly.
Abstract:
In a method for detecting a focus condition which utilizes an image lateral shift between images formed alternately on light receiving elements substantially arranged on a focal plane, an incident light unbalance on the light receiving elements caused by an image height effect for respective light receiving elements and a relative positional shift between a pupil dividing means and the light receiving element is corrected by using correction coefficients previously stored in a digital memory. The correction coefficients for respective light receiving elements are derived from inversion outputs of respective light receiving elements under the condition such that a uniform light flux is projected onto the imaging optical system before effecting an actual focus detecting operation. It is possible to make the optical system small in size and inexpensive in cost, because it is not necessary to use an additional optical system. In addition, it is possible to detect the focus condition in a highly accurate manner, since no incident light unbalance occurs.
Abstract:
An apparatus stores, in association with each of one or more services to be provided, a communication monitoring rule under which communication performed for providing the each of the one or more services is to be monitored. The apparatus communicates with another apparatus that is operable to run a virtual machine and run a virtual router relaying communication performed by the virtual machine. When a service to be provided by the virtual machine is selected from among the one or more services, the apparatus controls the virtual router to monitor communication performed by the virtual machine according to the communication monitoring rule associated with the selected service, by sending the communication monitoring rule to the virtual router.
Abstract:
There is provided a handy terminal connected to a cradle in a removable manner, wherein the cradle has a communication function and is connected to a network. The handy terminal includes: a determining unit configured to determine whether or not the handy terminal is connected to the cradle; an identifying unit configured to identify the cradle when the determining unit determines that the handy terminal is connected to the cradle; and an address setting unit configured to set a network terminal address for identifying the handy terminal on the network, depending on the identified cradle.