摘要:
A compact and substantially achromatic optical lens system (100, 200) comprising an electrowetting lens (104, 204) is provided. The optical lens system is using an electrowetting lens in which at least one of the entrance window surface (117, 217) or exit window surfaces (219), being in contact with one of the fluids (112, 212, 113, 213), has a curvature. When the sign of the curvature of that surface has the same sign as the curvature of the meniscus when no voltage is applied, a low building height is achieved. The optical element (104, 204) not only acts as a focussing or zooming device, but that it also acts as an aberration reduction element for the other elements in the optical lens system (100, 200).
摘要:
An optical system comprising a diffraction element (2) formed of a substantially rigid first material having a first refractive index. The diffraction element has a first plurality of grooves (4) at a first interface of the diffraction element with a second material (8) having a second refractive index; and a second, different, plurality of grooves (6) at a second, different, interface of the diffraction element with a third material (10) having a third refractive index. The first and second pluralities of grooves (4), (6) are aligned with respect to each other such that a combined diffractive effect is achieved. Moreover, the third material (10) is a liquid. The diffractive element may be manufactured using an injection moulding technique, following which the second and/or third materials may be applied in fluid form. By use of the invention, the two pluralities of grooves may be aligned with respect to each other with a high degree of efficiency and reliability
摘要:
A switchable element is described, which comprises a fluid chamber (111) containing a polar (101) and a non-polar (102) liquid, which are immiscible. The element is further provided with two electrodes (103,104), which are arranged to control the spatial distribution of the liquids, by means of an applied voltage across two the two electrodes. By the addition of surfactant to one or both of the liquids, the actuation voltage of the element is lowered. The element can work for example as an optical device or a motor.
摘要:
An electrowetting module (20) comprises a fluid chamber (8) which contains a first fluid (A) and a second fluid (B), which are separated by an interface (14) , and means (16, 17) to exert a force on at least one of the fluids to change the position and/or shape of the interface. By providing the second fluid body with a dissolved or mixed compound, being insoluble in or immiscible with the first fluid body, and/or the first fluid body comprises a dissolved or mixed compound being insoluble in or immiscible with the second fluid body, in amounts sufficient for lowering the freezing point of the respective fluids to below −20° C., the performance of the module can be improved so that the module can be used at low temperatures.
摘要:
A optical scanning device (1) for scanning an information layer (2) with a radiation beam (25) in a writing mode and a reading mode comprises a radiation source (7) for emitting the beam and an objective lens (10) for converging the beam so as to form a scanning spot (19) in the information layer. The device also includes a scanning spot power switch (20) for switching the size of the cross-section of the beam between a first size at the writing mode and a second, larger size at the reading mode so as to switch the rim intensity of the beam between a first intensity level (Irim,writing) at the writing mode and a second, higher intensity level (Irim,reading) at the reading mode, thereby switching the light power of the scanning spot between a first power level (Pwriting) at the writing mode and a second, lower power level (Preading) at the reading mode.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of determining in vitro the amount of nuclear DNA within a human or animal cell using UV absorption measurement with UV light. The invention also relates to a method for detecting in vitro cancerous cells in a biological sample relying on the aforementioned principles. The invention also relates to an in vitro method of diagnosing or predicting the likely occurrence of cancer in a human or animal subject.
摘要:
A catheter apparatus includes an elongated body having proximal and distal ends, and an acoustic transducer disposed proximate the distal end of the elongated body. A variably-refracting acoustic lens is provided to dynamically adjust a direction associated with an acoustic wave coupled to the acoustic transducer in response to one or more control signals provided thereto.
摘要:
Fluid lens system includes a container enclosing a fluid arranged to refract incoming waves. A pressure release mechanism is in contact with the fluid so as to compensate changes in its volume due to thermal variations. The pressure release mechanism is positioned within a pathway of incoming waves. The fluid container may be connected via a tube to the fluid as a reservoir which is arranged within or outside the container, such as beyond an image sensor. Alternatively, an easily compressible body such as a small closed metal bellows enclosing a gas, is positioned inside the fluid to absorb volume changes by compression. The container may have an inner container part that fits inside an outer container part, where the pressure release mechanism is positioned within the outer container part. A fluid filled cavity including a compressible body may be formed between the inner and outer container parts.
摘要:
The disclosure is directed to a system for variably refracting, and is transparent for, ultrasound as well as for light. By choosing liquids with the right optical and acoustical properties, it is possible to variably refract (including focusing and deflecting or steering) ultrasound while not affecting the refraction of light, or vice versa. Two lenses in series, or preferably one lens, allow for variably refracting ultrasound and light.
摘要:
The electrowetting optical element comprises a first electrically conducting fluid and a second electrically insulating fluid. According to the invention the second fluid comprises a compound including an aliphatic ring-structure. The optical element may be a lens or a zoomlens or be part of a zoomlens system.