公开(公告)号：US07844144B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-30

申请号：US12402127

申请日：2009-03-11

申请人： Joseph M. Kahn ,  Mark A. Horowitz ,  Olav Solgaard ,  Shanhui Fan

发明人： Joseph M. Kahn ,  Mark A. Horowitz ,  Olav Solgaard ,  Shanhui Fan

IPC分类号： G02B6/26

CPC分类号： G02B6/4206 ,  G02B6/2861

摘要： Optical signals are passed in an optical medium using an approach that facilitates the mitigation of interference. According to an example embodiment, a filtering-type approach is used with an optical signal conveyed in an optical fiber, such as a multimode fiber (MMF) or a multimode waveguide. Adaptive spatial domain signal processing, responsive to a feedback signal indicative of data conveyed in the multimode waveguide, is used to mitigate interference in optical signals conveyed in the multimode waveguide.

摘要翻译： 光信号通过使用有助于减轻干扰的方法在光学介质中传播。 根据示例实施例，滤波型方法与诸如多模光纤（MMF）或多模波导之类的光纤中传送的光信号一起使用。 响应于指示在多模波导中传送的数据的反馈信号的自适应空间域信号处理被用于减轻在多模波导中传送的光信号中的干扰。

公开(公告)号：US07809219B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-05

申请号：US12369709

申请日：2009-02-11

申请人： Onur Kilic ,  Olav Solgaard ,  Michel J. F. Digonnet ,  Gordon S. Kino

发明人： Onur Kilic ,  Olav Solgaard ,  Michel J. F. Digonnet ,  Gordon S. Kino

IPC分类号： G02B6/00 ,  G01B9/02 ,  G01H1/00

CPC分类号： G01H9/00 ,  G01H9/004

摘要： An acoustic sensor includes at least one photonic crystal structure having at least one optical resonance with a resonance frequency and a resonance lineshape. The acoustic sensor further includes a housing mechanically coupled to the at least one photonic crystal structure. At least one of the resonance frequency and the resonance lineshape is responsive to acoustic waves incident upon the housing.

摘要翻译： 声传感器包括至少一个光子晶体结构，其具有至少一个具有谐振频率和谐振线形的光学谐振。 声学传感器还包括机械耦合到所述至少一个光子晶体结构的壳体。 谐振频率和谐振线形形状中的至少一个响应于入射到壳体上的声波。

公开(公告)号：US20100120023A1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-13

申请号：US11404181

申请日：2006-04-13

申请人： Ozgur Sahin ,  Calvin F. Quate ,  Olav Solgaard

发明人： Ozgur Sahin ,  Calvin F. Quate ,  Olav Solgaard

IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 ,  G01N33/566 ,  G01N33/553 ,  G01N33/552 ,  G01N33/544

CPC分类号： G01Q60/34

摘要： Method and apparatus which uses harmonic cantilevers, such as used in atomic force microscopy, to detect variations in the attractive and repulsive forces on a solid surface as a result of macromolecular binding, for example, hybridization of a single stranded DNA molecule attached to the surface with another DNA molecule. The complexed macromolecule is less flexible than an uncomplexed molecule. It will typically have more negative charge due to amino acids or DNA monomers. Both stiffness of the surface and the attractive capillary forces will change after binding and may be detected. By scanning the harmonic cantilever across a surface with macromolecules attached in tapping-mode and by recording the signals at the high frequency vibrations provided by harmonic cantilever, complexed molecules on a surface may be identified and quantified.

摘要翻译： 使用诸如用于原子力显微镜的谐波悬臂的方法和装置来检测由于大分子结合而导致的固体表面上的吸引力和排斥力的变化，例如附着在表面上的单链DNA分子的杂交 与另一个DNA分子。 络合的大分子比未复合的分子灵活性低。 由于氨基酸或DNA单体，它通常会具有更多的负电荷。 表面的刚度和吸引的毛细管力将在结合后改变并且可以被检测。 通过用分接模式连接的大分子扫描谐波悬臂，并通过在由谐波悬臂提供的高频振动下记录信号，可以识别和量化表面上的复合分子。

公开(公告)号：US07463420B2

公开(公告)日：2008-12-09

申请号：US11857605

申请日：2007-09-19

申请人： Hakon Sagberg ,  Ib-Rune Johansen ,  Odd Lovhaugen ,  Olav Solgaard ,  Matthieu Lacolle

发明人： Hakon Sagberg ,  Ib-Rune Johansen ,  Odd Lovhaugen ,  Olav Solgaard ,  Matthieu Lacolle

IPC分类号： G02B5/18

CPC分类号： G02B5/1828

摘要： This invention relates to a configurable diffractive optical element comprising an array of diffractive sub-elements having a reflective surface, wherein each sub-element has a controllable position with a chosen range, and in which a number of sub-elements are provided with a reflective grating with a number of chosen spectral characteristics.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种可配置衍射光学元件，其包括具有反射表面的衍射子元件的阵列，其中每个子元件具有可选择的范围的可控位置，并且其中多个子元件设置有反射 光栅具有多个选择的光谱特征。

公开(公告)号：US07451638B1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-18

申请号：US11187991

申请日：2005-07-22

申请人： Ozgur Sahin ,  Abdullah Atalar ,  Calvin F. Quate ,  Olav Solgaard

发明人： Ozgur Sahin ,  Abdullah Atalar ,  Calvin F. Quate ,  Olav Solgaard

IPC分类号： H01J37/00

CPC分类号： G01Q60/38 ,  G01Q60/34 ,  G01Q70/10 ,  Y10S977/873

摘要： A harmonic cantilever for use in an atomic force microscope includes a cantilever arm and a probe tip. The cantilever arm has a shape selected to tune the fundamental resonance frequency or a resonance frequency of a selected higher order mode so that the fundamental and higher-order resonance frequencies have an integer ratio or near integer ratio. In one embodiment, the cantilever arm can be shaped to tune the fundamental resonance frequency. Alternately, the cantilever arm can include a geometric feature for tuning the resonance frequency of the fundamental mode or the selected higher order mode. An imaging method using the harmonic cantilever is disclosed whereby signals at the higher harmonics are measured to determine the material properties of a sample. In other embodiment, a cantilever includes a probe tip positioned at a location of minimum displacement of unwanted harmonics for suppressing signals associated with the unwanted harmonics.

摘要翻译： 用于原子力显微镜的谐波悬臂包括悬臂和探针尖。 悬臂臂具有选择的形状来调谐基本共振频率或所选高阶模式的谐振频率，使得基波和高次谐振频率具有整数比或接近整数比。 在一个实施例中，悬臂可以成形为调谐基本共振频率。 或者，悬臂可以包括用于调谐基本模式或选择的较高阶模式的谐振频率的几何特征。 公开了使用谐波悬臂的成像方法，其中测量高次谐波的信号以确定样品的材料性质。 在另一个实施例中，悬臂包括位于最小位移处的不需要的谐波的探针尖端，用于抑制与不需要的谐波相关联的信号。

公开(公告)号：US20080226217A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-18

申请号：US11971714

申请日：2008-01-09

申请人： Onur Kilic ,  Michel J.F. Digonnet ,  Gordon S. Kino ,  Olav Solgaard

发明人： Onur Kilic ,  Michel J.F. Digonnet ,  Gordon S. Kino ,  Olav Solgaard

IPC分类号： G02B6/00

CPC分类号： G01H9/004 ,  G02B6/264

摘要： An acoustic sensor and a method of fabricating an acoustic sensor are provided. The acoustic sensor includes at least one photonic crystal structure and an optical fiber having an end optically coupled to the at least one photonic crystal structure. The acoustic sensor further includes a structural portion mechanically coupled to the at least one photonic crystal structure and to the optical fiber. The at least one photonic crystal structure, the optical fiber, and the structural portion substantially bound a region having a volume such that a frequency response of the acoustic sensor is generally flat in a range of acoustic frequencies.

摘要翻译： 提供声传感器和制造声传感器的方法。 声传感器包括至少一个光子晶体结构和具有光学耦合到至少一个光子晶体结构的端部的光纤。 声学传感器还包括机械耦合到至少一个光子晶体结构和光纤的结构部分。 至少一个光子晶体结构，光纤和结构部分基本上结合了具有音量的区域，使得声学传感器的频率响应在声频范围内通常是平坦的。

公开(公告)号：US07302833B2

公开(公告)日：2007-12-04

申请号：US11456810

申请日：2006-07-11

申请人： Ozgur Sahin ,  Calvin F. Quate ,  Olav Solgaard

发明人： Ozgur Sahin ,  Calvin F. Quate ,  Olav Solgaard

IPC分类号： G01B5/28 ,  G01N13/10 ,  G12B21/08 ,  G12B21/22

CPC分类号： G01Q60/38 ,  G01Q60/34

摘要： A method for measuring high frequency force of interaction between a tip of a cantilever and a sample includes providing a cantilever having a cantilever arm and a probe tip formed on a free end of the cantilever arm where the cantilever arm has a first shape and an axis of torsion associated with the first shape and the probe tip is positioned in an offset displacement from the axis of torsion, vibrating the cantilever at or near the fundamental flexural resonance frequency with a predetermined oscillation amplitude, bringing the cantilever to the vicinity of the sample, tapping the surface of the sample repeatedly using the probe tip, and detecting changes in the amplitude or the phase of a high frequency vibration harmonic of the cantilever as the cantilever is deflected in response to features on the surface of the sample.

摘要翻译： 用于测量悬臂的尖端和样品之间的高频力的相互作用的方法包括提供悬臂，悬臂具有悬臂和形成在悬臂的自由端上的探针尖，其中悬臂具有第一形状和轴 与第一形状和探针尖端相关联的扭转位于与扭转轴线偏移的位置，以预定的振荡幅度在基本弯曲共振频率处或附近振动悬臂，使悬臂到达样本附近， 使用探针尖端重复使用样品的表面，并且响应于样品表面上的特征，当悬臂被偏转时，检测悬臂的高频振动谐波的振幅或相位的变化。

公开(公告)号：US20070081165A1

公开(公告)日：2007-04-12

申请号：US11414506

申请日：2006-04-28

申请人： Onur Kilic ,  Olav Solgaard ,  Michel Digonnet ,  Gordon Kino

发明人： Onur Kilic ,  Olav Solgaard ,  Michel Digonnet ,  Gordon Kino

IPC分类号： G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01H9/00 ,  G01H9/004

摘要： An acoustic sensor includes at least one photonic crystal structure having at least one optical resonance with a resonance frequency and a resonance lineshape. The acoustic sensor further includes a housing substantially surrounding the at least one photonic crystal structure and mechanically coupled to the at least one photonic crystal structure. At least one of the resonance frequency and the resonance lineshape is responsive to acoustic waves incident upon the housing.

摘要翻译： 声传感器包括至少一个光子晶体结构，其具有至少一个具有谐振频率和谐振线形的光学谐振。 声学传感器还包括壳体，其基本上围绕所述至少一个光子晶体结构并且机械耦合到所述至少一个光子晶体结构。 谐振频率和谐振线形形状中的至少一个响应于入射到壳体上的声波。

公开(公告)号：US07089787B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-15

申请号：US10887608

申请日：2004-07-08

申请人： Ozgur Sahin ,  Calvin F. Quate ,  Olav Solgaard

发明人： Ozgur Sahin ,  Calvin F. Quate ,  Olav Solgaard

IPC分类号： G01B5/28 ,  G01N13/16 ,  G12B21/08

CPC分类号： G01Q60/38 ,  G01Q60/34

摘要： A cantilever for the use in atomic force microscopy includes a cantilever arm having a fixed end being attached to a base member and a free end where the cantilever arm has a first shape and an axis of torsion associated with the first shape, and a probe tip projecting from the cantilever arm near the free end where the probe tip is positioned in an offset displacement from the axis of torsion. Alternately, the cantilever arm has a first shape selected to tune a torsional resonance frequency of a selected torsional mode or the fundamental flexural resonance frequency of the fundamental mode so that the torsional resonance frequency and the fundamental flexural resonance frequency has an integer ratio. In this manner, the torsional motion of the torsional harmonic cantilever at that harmonic frequency will be largely enhanced by the corresponding torsional resonance.

摘要翻译： 在原子力显微镜中使用的悬臂包括悬臂，其具有附接到基部构件的固定端和悬臂具有与第一形状相关联的第一形状和扭转轴线的自由端，以及探针尖端 从探针尖端位于与扭转轴线偏移位置的自由端附近的悬臂臂突出。 或者，悬臂臂具有选择的第一形状，以调节所选扭转模式的扭转共振频率或基模的基本弯曲共振频率，使得扭转共振频率和基本弯曲共振频率具有整数比。 以这种方式，在谐波频率下的扭转谐波悬臂的扭转运动将通过相应的扭转共振大大增强。

公开(公告)号：US06922239B2

公开(公告)日：2005-07-26

申请号：US10293897

申请日：2002-11-12

申请人： Olav Solgaard ,  Jonathan P. Heritage ,  Amal R. Bhattarai

发明人： Olav Solgaard ,  Jonathan P. Heritage ,  Amal R. Bhattarai

IPC分类号： G01J3/28 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/35 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/35 ,  G02B6/3512 ,  G02B6/3516 ,  G02B6/3518 ,  G02B6/3534 ,  G02B6/3542 ,  G02B6/3546 ,  G02B6/3556 ,  G02B6/356 ,  G02B6/3566 ,  G02B6/357 ,  G02B6/3582 ,  G02B6/3584 ,  G02B6/3592 ,  H04Q2011/0024 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/0083

摘要： A cross-connect switch for fiber-optic communication networks employing a wavelength dispersive element, such as a grating, and a stack of regular (non-wavelength selective) cross bar switches using two-dimensional arrays of micromachined, electrically actuated, individually-tiltable, controlled deflection micro-mirrors for providing multiport switching capability for a plurality of wavelengths. Using a one-dimensional micromirror array, a fiber-optic based MEMS switched spectrometer that does not require mechanical motion of bulk components or large diode arrays can be constructed with readout capability for WDM network diagnosis or for general purpose spectroscopic applications.

摘要翻译： 使用诸如光栅的波长色散元件的光纤通信网络的交叉连接开关和使用微加工，电致动的可单独倾斜的二维阵列的规则（非波长选择性）横杆开关的堆叠 ，用于为多个波长提供多端口切换能力的受控偏转微镜。 使用一维微镜阵列，不需要体积组件或大二极管阵列的机械运动的基于光纤的MEMS开关光谱仪可以用于WDM网络诊断或通用光谱应用的读出能力。