公开(公告)号：US20020144842A1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-10

申请号：US10036105

申请日：2001-10-17

Inventor： Roger L. Schultz ,  Orlando De Jesus ,  Andrew J. Osborne JR.

IPC: E21B012/02

CPC classification number: E21B44/00 ,  E21B12/02 ,  E21B41/0085 ,  E21B47/18 ,  E21B47/185 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: A method and apparatus is described for signalling the surface operator about downhole conditions. Sensors located downhole collect data while drilling and the data is processed to determine bit failure, for example. When the sensor data indicates a failure, the pressure of drilling mud is varied using a valve on the downhole unit, and this pressure variance is indicated by a pressure gauge visible to the operator. This pressure change tells the operator a failure has been indicated.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种方法和装置，用于向地面操作者发出关于井下条件的信号。 位于井下的传感器在钻井时收集数据，例如处理数据以确定位故障。 当传感器数据指示故障时，钻井泥浆的压力可以使用井下单元上的阀而改变，并且该压力变化由操作者可见的压力表示。 这种压力变化告诉操作者已经指出了故障。

公开(公告)号：US20020126021A1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-12

申请号：US09768655

申请日：2001-01-24

Inventor： Harold J. Vinegar ,  Robert Rex Burnett ,  William Mountjoy Savage ,  Frederick Gordon Carl JR. ,  James William Hall ,  John Michele Hirsch

IPC: G01V003/00

CPC classification number: E21B47/12 ,  E21B17/003 ,  E21B17/028 ,  E21B33/1294 ,  E21B34/066 ,  E21B34/08 ,  E21B34/16 ,  E21B37/06 ,  E21B41/0085 ,  E21B41/02 ,  E21B43/12 ,  E21B43/122 ,  E21B43/123 ,  E21B43/14 ,  E21B43/16 ,  E21B47/06 ,  E21B47/10 ,  E21B47/1005 ,  E21B47/101 ,  E21B47/1015 ,  E21B47/122 ,  E21B2041/0028 ,  H04B13/02 ,  Y10T307/258

Abstract: A system and method of communicating among devices via a piping structure using at least one induction choke about the piping structure to route a time-varying current carrying communication signals between the devices. A communications system comprises a piping structure, a first communication device, a second communication device, and an induction choke. The piping structure comprises a first location, a second location, and an electrically conductive portion extending between the first and second locations. The first and second locations are distally spaced along the piping structure. The first and second communication devices are each electrically connected to the electrically conductive portion of the piping structure along the first location and second location, respectively, and each is adapted to send and receive communication signals via time-varying current. The induction choke is located about an electrically choked portion of the electrically conductive portion of the piping structure, such that the induction choke is adapted to route time-varying current within the piping structure between the electrical connection location for the first communication device and the electrical connection location for the second communication device, and such that the first communication device can communicate with the second communication device via the piping structure. A preferred application of the present invention is a well for producing petroleum products (e.g., oil, natural gas), comprising a communication system as described above.

Abstract translation: 一种通过管道结构在设备之间通过管道结构使用至少一个感应扼流圈进行通信的系统和方法，以便在设备之间路由携带通信信号的时变电流。 通信系统包括管道结构，第一通信设备，第二通信设备和感应扼流圈。 管道结构包括第一位置，第二位置和在第一和第二位置之间延伸的导电部分。 第一和第二位置沿着管道结构向远侧间隔开。 第一和第二通信设备分别沿着第一位置和第二位置电连接到管道结构的导电部分，并且每个通信设备适于经由时变电流发送和接收通信信号。 感应扼流圈位于管道结构的导电部分的电阻塞部分周围，使得感应扼流圈适于在第一通信设备的电连接位置和电气连接位置之间布置管道结构内的时变电流 用于第二通信设备的连接位置，并且使得第一通信设备可以经由管道结构与第二通信设备通信。 本发明的优选应用是生产包含上述通信系统的石油产品（例如油，天然气）的良好应用。

公开(公告)号：US06446736B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

申请号：US09839423

申请日：2001-04-20

Applicant: Thomas Kruspe ,  Volker Krueger

Inventor： Thomas Kruspe ,  Volker Krueger

IPC: E21B4701

CPC classification number: G01V3/32 ,  E21B33/1243 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/06 ,  E21B49/10 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: An MWD method and apparatus for determining parameters of interest in a formation has a sensor assembly mounted on a slidable sleeve slidably coupled to a longitudinal member, such as a section of drill pipe. When the sensor assembly is held in a non-rotating position, for instance for obtaining the measurements, the longitudinal member is free to rotate and continue drilling the borehole, wherein downhole measurements can be obtained with substantially no sensor movement or vibration. This is particularly useful in making NMR measurements due to their susceptibility to errors due caused by tool vibration. In addition, the substantially non-rotating arrangement of sensors makes it possible to efficiently carry out VSPs, reverse VSPs and looking ahead of the drill bit. A clamping device is used, for instance, to hold the sensor assembly is held in the non-rotating position. The sensor assembly of the present invention can include any of a variety of sensors and/or transmitters for determining a plurality of parameters of interest including, for example, nuclear magnetic resonance measurements.

Abstract translation: 用于确定地层中感兴趣的参数的MWD方法和装置具有安装在可滑动地联接到诸如钻杆的一部分的纵向构件的可滑动套筒上的传感器组件。 当传感器组件保持在非旋转位置时，例如用于获得测量值时，纵向构件自由旋转并继续钻孔，其中可以基本上无传感器运动或振动获得井下测量。 这在进行NMR测量时特别有用，因为它们对刀具振动引起的误差的敏感性。 此外，传感器的基本上不旋转的布置使得可以有效地执行VSP，反向VSP并且向前看钻头。 例如，使用夹紧装置来保持传感器组件保持在非旋转位置。 本发明的传感器组件可以包括用于确定感兴趣的多个参数的各种传感器和/或发射器中的任何一个，包括例如核磁共振测量。

公开(公告)号：US20020108784A1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-15

申请号：US10119586

申请日：2002-04-10

Applicant: Baker Hughes Incorporated

Inventor： Thomas Kruspe ,  Volker Krueger

IPC: E21B047/026

CPC classification number: G01V3/32 ,  E21B33/1243 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/06 ,  E21B49/10 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: An MWD method and apparatus for determining parameters of interest in a formation has a sensor assembly mounted on a slidable sleeve slidably coupled to a longitudinal member, such as a section of drill pipe. When the sensor assembly is held in a non-rotating position, for instance for obtaining the measurements, the longitudinal member is free to rotate and continue drilling the borehole, wherein downhole measurements can be obtained with substantially no sensor movement or vibration. This is particularly useful in making NMR measurements due to their susceptibility to errors due caused by tool vibration. In addition, the substantially non-rotating arrangement of sensors makes it possible to efficiently carry out VSPs, reverse VSPs and looking ahead of the drill bit. A clamping device is used, for instance, to hold the sensor assembly is held in the non-rotating position. The sensor assembly of the present invention can include any of a variety of sensors and/or transmitters for determining a plurality of parameters of interest including, for example, nuclear magnetic resonance measurements.

公开(公告)号：US06378627B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-30

申请号：US08936078

申请日：1997-09-23

Applicant: Paulo S. Tubel ,  Jeffrey E. Johnson ,  Colin M. Angle ,  Thomas W. McIntyre

Inventor： Paulo S. Tubel ,  Jeffrey E. Johnson ,  Colin M. Angle ,  Thomas W. McIntyre

IPC: E21B4400

CPC classification number: E21B17/1078 ,  E21B4/18 ,  E21B17/1021 ,  E21B23/00 ,  E21B23/14 ,  E21B44/00 ,  E21B44/005 ,  E21B47/00 ,  E21B47/0002 ,  E21B47/08 ,  E21B47/12 ,  E21B47/124 ,  E21B2023/008 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: An autonomous downhole oilfield tool having its own mobility and decision making capability so that it may be deployed in a downhole environment to monitor and control said environment by modifying operations of other devices and maintaining downhole structures.

Abstract translation: 一种自主的井下油田工具，具有自身的移动性和决策能力，可以将其部署在井下环境中，通过修改其他设备的操作和维护井下结构来监测和控制所述环境。

公开(公告)号：US20020043369A1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-18

申请号：US09769046

申请日：2001-01-24

Inventor： Harold J. Vinegar ,  Robert Rex Burnett ,  William Mountjoy Savage ,  Frederick Gordon Carl JR.

IPC: E21B029/02

CPC classification number: H04B13/02 ,  E21B17/003 ,  E21B34/066 ,  E21B34/08 ,  E21B34/16 ,  E21B43/122 ,  E21B43/123 ,  E21B43/14 ,  E21B47/122 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: A petroleum well has an electronic module and a number of sensors which communicate with the surface using the tubing string and casing as conductors. Induction chokes at the surface and downhole electrically impede AC flow through the (tubing or casing if so configured) with the resulting voltage potential useful for power and communication. A high bandwidth, adaptable spread spectrum communications system is used to communicate between the downhole electronics module and a surface master spread spectrum modem. Downhole sensors, such as pressure, temperature, acoustic and seismic sensors accurately assess downhole physical conditions. In a preferred form, the electronics module and sensors are wireline insertable and retrievable into a side pocket mandrel in the tubing string. Permanent downhole sensors that can communicate with the surface allow such diverse applications as optimizing well and field performances, monitoring and assessing the geophysics of the fomrations around the well, assessing well and reservoir reserves, assessing reservoir conditions.

Abstract translation: 石油井具有电子模块和多个传感器，其使用油管柱和壳体作为导体与表面连通。 表面和井下的感应扼流圈电阻碍通过（管或套管，如果配置）的交流电流，并产生用于电力和通信的电压电位。 高带宽，适应性扩展通信系统用于在井下电子模块和表面主扩展调制解调器之间进行通信。 井下传感器，如压力，温度，声学和地震传感器，可准确地评估井下物理条件。 在优选形式中，电子模块和传感器是可插入的并可回收到管柱中的侧袋心轴中的电缆。 可以与表面通信的永久井下传感器允许这样多样的应用，例如优化井场和田间性能，监测和评估井附近的地质物理学，评估井和油藏储量，评估油藏条件。

公开(公告)号：US20020036085A1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-28

申请号：US09769047

申请日：2001-01-24

Inventor： Ronald Marshall Bass ,  Harold J. Vinegar ,  Robert Rex Burnett ,  William Mountjoy Savage ,  Frederick Gordon Carl JR.

IPC: E21B034/06 ,  E21B047/00

CPC classification number: H04B13/02 ,  E21B17/003 ,  E21B17/028 ,  E21B33/1294 ,  E21B34/066 ,  E21B34/08 ,  E21B34/16 ,  E21B37/06 ,  E21B41/0085 ,  E21B41/02 ,  E21B43/12 ,  E21B43/122 ,  E21B43/123 ,  E21B43/14 ,  E21B43/16 ,  E21B47/06 ,  E21B47/10 ,  E21B47/1005 ,  E21B47/101 ,  E21B47/1015 ,  E21B47/12 ,  E21B47/122 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: An induction choke in a petroleum well where a voltage potential is developed across the choke to power and communicate with devices and sensors in the well. Preferably, the induction choke is a ferromagnetic material and acts as an impedance to a time-varying current, e.g. AC. The petroleum well includes a cased wellbore having a tubing string positioned within and longitudinally extending within the casing. A controllable gas lift valve, sensor, or other device is coupled to the tubing. The valve sensor, or other device is powered and controlled from the surface. Communication signals and power are sent from the surface using the tubing, casing, or liner as the conductor with a casing or earth ground. For example, AC current is directed down a casing or tubing or a lateral where the current encounters a choke. The voltage potential developed across the choke is used to power electronic devices and sensors near the choke. Such induction chokes may be used in many other applications having an elongated conductor such as a pipe, where it is desirable to power or communicate with a valve, sensor, or other device without providing a dedicated power or communications cable.

Abstract translation: 在石油井中的感应扼流圈，其中电压电位在扼流圈上形成以供电并与井中的设备和传感器通信。 优选地，感应扼流圈是铁磁材料，并且作为时变电流的阻抗，例如， AC。 石油井包括套管井筒，其具有定位在壳体内并在壳体内纵向延伸的油管柱。 可控气举阀，传感器或其他装置联接到管道。 阀门传感器或其他设备由表面供电和控制。 使用管道，套管或衬管作为带有外壳或接地的导体，从表面发送通信信号和电源。 例如，交流电流被引导到壳体或管道或侧向，其中电流遇到扼流圈。 在扼流圈两端产生的电压电压用于为扼流圈附近的电子设备和传感器供电。 这种感应扼流器可以用于具有诸如管子的细长导体的许多其它应用中，其中期望在不提供专用电源或通信电缆的情况下对阀，传感器或其它设备供电或连通。

公开(公告)号：US20020029883A1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-14

申请号：US09768656

申请日：2001-01-24

Inventor： Harold J. Vinegar ,  Robert Rex Burnett ,  William Mountjoy Savage ,  Frederick Gordon Carl JR.

IPC: E21B047/00

CPC classification number: E21B47/122 ,  E21B17/003 ,  E21B34/066 ,  E21B34/08 ,  E21B34/16 ,  E21B43/122 ,  E21B43/123 ,  E21B2041/0028

Abstract: A controllable gas-lift well having controllable gas-lift valves and sensors for detecting flow regime is provided. The well uses production tubing and casing to communicate with and power the controllable valve from the surface. A signal impedance apparatus in the form of induction chokes at the surface and downhole electrically isolate the tubing from the casing. A high band-width, adaptable spread spectrum communication system is used to communicate between the controllable valve and the surface. Sensors, such as pressure, temperature, and acoustic sensors, may be provided downhole to more accurately assess downhole conditions and in particular, the flow regime of the fluid within the tubing. Operating conditions, such as gas injection rate, back pressure on the tubing, and position of downhole controllable valves are varied depending on flow regime, downhole conditions, oil production, gas usage and availability, to optimize production. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is trained to detect a Taylor flow regime using downhole acoustic sensors, plus other sensors as desired. The detection and control system and method thereof is useful in many applications involving multi-phase flow in a conduit.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种具有可控气举气阀和用于检测流动状态的传感器的可控气举井。 该井使用生产管道和套管与表面连通和供电可控阀门。 在表面和井下的感应扼流圈形式的信号阻抗装置将管道与壳体电隔离。 使用高带宽，适应性扩频通信系统在可控阀和表面之间进行通信。 可以在井下提供诸如压力，温度和声学传感器的传感器，以更准确地评估井下条件，特别是管道内流体的流动状态。 操作条件，例如气体注入速率，管道上的背压和井下可控阀的位置根据流动状态，井下条件，石油生产，燃气使用和可用性而变化，以优化生产。 人工神经网络（ANN）被训练为使用井下声学传感器以及所需的其它传感器来检测泰勒流动状态。 检测和控制系统及其方法在涉及管道中的多相流的许多应用中是有用的。

公开(公告)号：US20020020533A1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-21

申请号：US09965488

申请日：2001-09-27

Inventor： Paulo Tubel

IPC: E03B003/11 ,  E21B043/00

CPC classification number: E21B34/066 ,  E21B41/0035 ,  E21B43/01 ,  E21B43/12 ,  E21B43/14 ,  E21B47/0001 ,  E21B47/01 ,  E21B47/06 ,  E21B47/12 ,  E21B47/16 ,  E21B2041/0028 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04L67/12 ,  H04L69/329

Abstract: A downhole production well control system is provided for automatically controlling downhole tools in response to sensed selected downhole parameters. The production well having a production tubing string therein with multiple branches, i.e., zones. Communication and transmission of power (i.e. telemetry) over the production tubing string is by way of a combination of a hardwire system in the main borehole and a short hop system at the branches or laterals. Each zone includes a downhole control system and appropriate completion devices for controlling fluid flow. An acoustic or electromagnetic transceiver is associated with each control system for communication and/or transmission of power. An electrical conductor runs from the surface downhole along the production tubing string in the main borehole for communication and/or transmission of power, hardwired systems are well known. The conductor is connected to an acoustic or electromagnetic transceiver disposed at the production tubing string in the main borehole near each branch. These transceivers communicate with and/or transfer power to corresponding transceivers at the branches (i.e., short hop communications), which is communicated and/or transferred along the production tubing string on the conductor (i.e., uphole or downhole).

公开(公告)号：US20010033164A1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-25

申请号：US09798192

申请日：2001-03-02

Inventor： Harold J. Vinegar ,  Robert Rex Burnett ,  William Mountjoy Savage ,  Frederick Gordon Carl JR. ,  John Michele Hirsch ,  Peter Anthony Crossley

IPC: G01R031/34

CPC classification number: E21B47/122 ,  E21B17/003 ,  E21B34/066 ,  E21B34/08 ,  E21B34/16 ,  E21B43/122 ,  E21B43/123 ,  E21B43/14 ,  E21B2041/0028 ,  G01V3/20

Abstract: A petroleum well (20) for producing petroleum products that incorporates a system adapted to controllably measure a formation resistivity using induction chokes (91-95) to form electrically isolated piping structure sections that can be used as the formation contact electrodes for time-varying current, and methods of producing petroleum products while measuring formation resistivity, are provided by the present invention. The system comprises a first induction choke (91), a second induction choke (92), and a device (50). The first induction choke (91) is located about a piping structure (30) of the well (20). The second induction choke (92) is also located about the piping structure (30) of the well (20), but the first induction choke (91) is distally spaced from the second induction choke (92). The device (50) is located outside of the piping structure (30) and comprises two terminals (71, 72). A first of the terminals (71) extending from the device (50) is electrically connected to the piping structure (30) on one side (81) of the first induction choke (91). A second of the terminals (72) extending from the device (50) is electrically connected to the piping structure (30) on another side (82) of the first induction choke (91), between the first and second induction chokes (91, 92), such that the downhole device (50) is electrically connected across an outside of the first induction choke (91). The system can further comprise other induction chokes (93-95), other terminals (97-99) extending from the device (50), a current sensor (114), a surface power source (54), a power transformer (104), a communications transformer (106), a surface modem (56), a downhole modem (102), a direct current power supply (101), and/or a power amplifier (110, 112). The piping structure can comprise at least a portion of a well casing (30), such that the well casing (30) acts as an electrode for making formation resistivity measurements due to the induction chokes (91-95).