公开(公告)号：US07576686B2

公开(公告)日：2009-08-18

申请号：US11462942

申请日：2006-08-07

申请人： Edward W. Needham ,  John C. Blessing

发明人： Edward W. Needham ,  John C. Blessing

IPC分类号： G01S7/40

CPC分类号： G01S7/4017 ,  G01S7/4008 ,  G01S7/4021 ,  G01S7/4052 ,  G01S13/762 ,  G01S13/767 ,  G01S2007/4069 ,  H01Q1/28 ,  H01Q3/26

摘要： In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a method is provided for calibrating an aircraft surveillance system for a protected aircraft. The system has a phased antenna array comprising antenna elements. The method comprises transmitting a first signal from a first antenna element in the array, and receiving the first signal at a third antenna element. The first signal may represent an interrogation signal transmitted in connection with a surveillance transmit sequence to locate potential intruding aircraft into a range of the protected aircraft. The method further includes transmitting a second signal from a second antenna element and receiving the second signal at the third antenna element. The method also includes calculating calibration information for the antenna array based on the first and second signals received at the third antenna element. During each transmit operation only a single antenna element transmits at one point in time.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种用于校准用于受保护的飞行器的飞行器监视系统的方法。 该系统具有包括天线元件的相控天线阵列。 该方法包括从阵列中的第一天线元件发射第一信号，以及在第三天线元件处接收第一信号。 第一信号可以表示与监视发射序列相关联的发送信号，以将潜在的入侵飞机定位到受保护飞机的范围内。 该方法还包括从第二天线元件发送第二信号并在第三天线元件处接收第二信号。 该方法还包括基于在第三天线元件处接收的第一和第二信号来计算天线阵列的校准信息。 在每个发射操作期间，只有一个天线元件在一个时间点传输。

公开(公告)号：US20090109085A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-30

申请号：US11462942

申请日：2006-08-07

申请人： Edward W. Needham ,  John C. Blessing

发明人： Edward W. Needham ,  John C. Blessing

IPC分类号： G01S7/40

CPC分类号： G01S7/4017 ,  G01S7/4008 ,  G01S7/4021 ,  G01S7/4052 ,  G01S13/762 ,  G01S13/767 ,  G01S2007/4069 ,  H01Q1/28 ,  H01Q3/26

摘要： In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a method is provided for calibrating an aircraft surveillance system for a protected aircraft. The system has a phased antenna array comprising antenna elements. The method comprises transmitting a first signal from a first antenna element in the array, and receiving the first signal at a third antenna element. The first signal may represent an interrogation signal transmitted in connection with a surveillance transmit sequence to locate potential intruding aircraft into a range of the protected aircraft. The method further includes transmitting a second signal from a second antenna element and receiving the second signal at the third antenna element. The method also includes calculating calibration information for the antenna array based on the first and second signals received at the third antenna element. During each transmit operation only a single antenna element transmits at one point in time.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种用于校准用于受保护的飞行器的飞行器监视系统的方法。 该系统具有包括天线元件的相控天线阵列。 该方法包括从阵列中的第一天线元件发射第一信号，以及在第三天线元件处接收第一信号。 第一个信号可以表示与监视发射序列相关联的发送信号，以将潜在的入侵飞机定位到受保护飞机的范围内。 该方法还包括从第二天线元件发送第二信号并在第三天线元件处接收第二信号。 该方法还包括基于在第三天线元件处接收的第一和第二信号来计算天线阵列的校准信息。 在每个发射操作期间，只有一个天线元件在一个时间点传输。

公开(公告)号：US20060284759A1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-21

申请号：US11183569

申请日：2005-07-18

申请人： Robert Wahl

发明人： Robert Wahl

IPC分类号： G01S13/78

CPC分类号： G01S13/78 ,  G01S13/762

摘要： An IFF interrogation system for use on an aircraft is described. The system transmits a signal from an interrogator to a transponder and from the transponder to the interrogator. The system includes a non-reciprocal IFF antenna that breaks either an uplink signal or a downlink signal at any given angle outside the main beam. The IFF transmitter transmits an Uplink Σ signal and an Uplink Δ signal to the IFF antenna.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种在飞机上使用的IFF询问系统。 系统将信号从询问器发送到应答器，并从发送应答器发送到询问器。 该系统包括在主波束外部以任何给定角度断开上行链路信号或下行链路信号的非互易IFF天线。 IFF发射机向IFF天线发送上行Sigma信号和上行链路增量信号。

公开(公告)号：US20030142002A1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-31

申请号：US10275934

申请日：2002-11-08

发明人： Karl Winner ,  Benjamin Kuehn

IPC分类号： G01S013/00

CPC分类号： G01S13/781 ,  G01S3/46 ,  G01S5/0054 ,  G01S13/726 ,  G01S13/762 ,  G01S13/86 ,  G01S13/878 ,  G01S13/913 ,  G01S13/9303 ,  G01S2013/916

摘要： An algorithm for improved tracking of Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System transponders is disclosed. The algorithm can be combined with a system that includes an interrogator which transmits an interrogation signal to an associated vehicle transponder at a first frequency, preferably 1030 MHZ in accordance with FAA regulations, and a receiver array which receives the transponder reply signal transmitted by the transponder at a second frequency, preferably 1090 MHZ in accordance with FAA regulations. An angle of arrival processor calculates an angle of the received reply signal, and a position processor calculates the vehicle position based on at least the received angle data.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于改进跟踪空中交通管制雷达信标系统转发器的算法。 该算法可以与包括询问器的系统组合，该询问器根据FAA规则以优先为1030MHz的第一频率向相关联的车辆转发器发送询问信号，接收器阵列接收由应答器发送的应答器应答信号 在第二频率，优选为1090MHz，符合FAA规定。 到达角处理器计算接收到的回复信号的角度，并且位置处理器至少基于所接收的角度数据来计算车辆位置。

公开(公告)号：US06469654B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-22

申请号：US09695359

申请日：2000-10-24

申请人： Karl Winner ,  Benjamin R. Kuehn

发明人： Karl Winner ,  Benjamin R. Kuehn

IPC分类号： G01S1300

CPC分类号： G01S3/46 ,  G01S13/762 ,  G01S13/913

摘要： A ground-based, precision aircraft landing system provides CAT I precision approach and landing guidance. The aircraft elevation position is determined by measuring differential carrier phase and time-of-arrival of the aircraft ATCRBS transponder reply. The transponder reply is received at a plurality of sensor antenna locations where it is then conveyed to a sensor, demodulated and digitized. The data is transmitted to a central processor where calibration and multipath corrections are applied. Aircraft transponder diversity antenna switching is isolated from the jitter and colored noise of transponder reply multipath by correlating differential phase jumps measured between separate sensor antennas. An estimate of the diversity antenna separation is maintained by Kalman filter processing; the estimated separation is used to correct the differential phase measurement data of aircraft elevation. The corrected phase measurement and time-of-arrival measurement is processed using another Kalman filter to achieve the desired aircraft elevation positioning accuracy. A similar differential carrier phase and time-of-arrival subsystem is applied to achieve an azimuth measurement of the aircraft position. The combined azimuth and elevation of the aircraft is then compared to the desired approach path, and the aircraft position error relative to the desired approach is communicated to the aircraft.

摘要翻译： 基于地面的精密飞机着陆系统提供CAT I精准方法和着陆指导。 飞机高度位置通过测量飞机ATCRBS应答器答复的差分载波相位和到达时间来确定。 在多个传感器天线位置处接收应答器应答，然后将其传送到传感器，进行解调和数字化。 数据被传送到中央处理器，其中应用校准和多径校正。 通过将分离的传感器天线之间测量的差分相位跳变相关联，飞行器应答器分集天线切换与应答器应答多径的抖动和彩色噪声隔离。 通过卡尔曼滤波处理维持分集天线分离的估计; 估计的分离用于校正飞机高程的差分相位测量数据。 使用另一卡尔曼滤波器处理校正的相位测量和到达时间测量，以实现所需的飞机高度定位精度。 应用类似的差分载波相位和到达时间子系统来实现飞行器位置的方位测量。 然后将飞机的组合方位角和高程与期望的进近路径进行比较，并且相对于期望方法的飞行器位置误差被传送到飞行器。

公开(公告)号：US06222480B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-24

申请号：US09369752

申请日：1999-08-06

申请人： Daryal Kuntman ,  Ruy L. Brandao ,  Ruy C. P. Brandao

发明人： Daryal Kuntman ,  Ruy L. Brandao ,  Ruy C. P. Brandao

IPC分类号： G01S1376

CPC分类号： G01S13/767 ,  G01S13/762 ,  G01S13/765 ,  G01S13/781 ,  G01S13/9303

摘要： A combined airborne Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System/Mode-Select (ATCRBS/Mode-S) surveillance system and Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance (TCAS) collision avoidance system device having common antennas and a switch coupling the common antennas to the relevant functions.

摘要翻译： 具有共同天线的联合空中交通管制雷达信标系统/模式选择（ATCRBS / Mode-S）监控系统和具有共同天线的交通警报和碰撞避免（TCAS）碰撞避免系统设备和将公共天线耦合到相关功能的交换机。

公开(公告)号：US5805111A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-08

申请号：US566357

申请日：1995-12-01

申请人： William Howard Brettner, III ,  Mark Dean Smith

发明人： William Howard Brettner, III ,  Mark Dean Smith

IPC分类号： G01S13/76 ,  G01S13/93 ,  G01S3/02

CPC分类号： G01S13/9303 ,  G01S13/762

摘要： A Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System(TCAS) antenna is mounted on a selected forward portion of an aircraft thereby extending the effective forward range of the TCAS. The antenna and ground plane are tilted relative to conventional TCAS antennas thereby aligning a peak of the antenna's radiation pattern along the aircraft's level line of flight. The resulting increased gain directed forward of the aircraft increases the forward range of the TCAS for both receiving and transmitting TCAS signals. The invention is also useful to extend the range of other aircraft systems including transponders. Alternate embodiments include tilting a conventional TCAS antenna mounted on a middle portion of the aircraft.

摘要翻译： 交通警报和碰撞避免系统（TCAS）天线安装在飞机的选定前部，从而延长了TCAS的有效向前范围。 天线和接地平面相对于传统的TCAS天线倾斜，从而沿着飞机的飞行高度线对准天线辐射图的峰值。 飞机前进的增加的增益增加了用于接收和发送TCAS信号的TCAS的前向范围。 本发明对于扩展包括应答器的其它飞行器系统的范围也是有用的。 替代实施例包括倾斜安装在飞机的中间部分的传统TCAS天线。

公开(公告)号：US5506590A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-09

申请号：US85023

申请日：1993-06-30

申请人： Jerry B. Minter

发明人： Jerry B. Minter

IPC分类号： G01S13/76 ,  G01S13/93 ,  G01S3/02 ,  G01S5/02

CPC分类号： G01S13/762 ,  G01S13/9303

摘要： This invention relates to a system to alert an aircraft pilot of the presence and general location of other aircraft that might constitute a collision threat to the pilot's aircraft. A first and second antenna on the upper paid lower surfaces of the aircraft each operate in first and second modes characterized by respective first and second directivity conditions. The first and second antennas directly receive pulse signals from a source in order to determine the relative time of arrivals and thus the relative altitude of the source to the aircraft. Analysis means compares amplitudes of responses in the first and second modes to provide an angle indicating signal without having to generate radio signals other than those already being generated by equipment in the other aircraft in response to ground ATC interrogation.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于向飞行员飞行员警告可能构成飞行员飞机的碰撞威胁的其他飞行器的存在和一般位置的系统。 在飞机的高付费下表面上的第一和第二天线各自以第一和第二方向性条件为特征的第一和第二模式操作。 第一和第二天线直接从源接收脉冲信号，以便确定到达时间的相对时间，从而确定源到飞行器的相对高度。 分析装置比较第一和第二模式中的响应振幅以提供角度指示信号，而不必产生除另外飞行器中的设备响应于地面ATC讯问已经产生的那些之外的无线电信号。

公开(公告)号：US5223847A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-29

申请号：US566258

申请日：1990-08-13

申请人： Jerry B. Minter

发明人： Jerry B. Minter

IPC分类号： G01S13/76 ,  G01S13/93

CPC分类号： G01S13/9303 ,  G01S13/762

摘要： This invention relates to a system to alert an aircraft pilot of presence and general location of other aircraft that might constitute a collision threat to the pilot's aircraft. An antenna means operates in first and second modes characterized by respective first and second directivity conditions resulting in first and second gains for signals from a certain direction. Analysis means compares the amplitues of the first and second responses to produce an angle-indicating signal locating a potential collision threat without having to generate radio signals other than those already being generated by equipment in other aircraft in response to ground ATC interrogation.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于向飞行员飞行员提醒可能构成飞行员飞机的碰撞威胁的其他飞行器的存在和一般位置的系统。 天线装置在第一和第二模式下工作，其特征在于相应的第一和第二指向性条件，从而导致来自特定方向的信号的第一和第二增益。 分析装置比较第一和第二响应的放大率以产生定位潜在的碰撞威胁的角度指示信号，而不必产生除了其他飞机中的设备响应于地面ATC询问已经产生的那些之外的无线电信号。

公开(公告)号：US4656477A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-07

申请号：US427285

申请日：1982-09-29

申请人： Roberto Ronconi ,  Roberto Chierici

发明人： Roberto Ronconi ,  Roberto Chierici

IPC分类号： G01S7/28 ,  G01S13/76

CPC分类号： G01S7/2813 ,  G01S13/762

摘要： The invention regards a perfectioning in reply type radar systems, in particular SSR (Secondary Surveillance Radar) or IFF (Identification Friend or Foe). The invention has as its aim that of eliminating or reducing undesired replies due to reflections from fixed obstacles or from structural peculiarities in the main radar system (i.e. radome) and other similar effects. The suppression of undesired replies is attained by varying azimuthally the emission power of the radio-frequency impulses according to a memorized law.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及在回复型雷达系统中的完善，特别是SSR（次级监视雷达）或IFF（识别朋友或敌人）。 本发明的目的是消除或减少由于来自固定障碍物的反射或主雷达系统（即雷达罩）中的结构特性的不期望的响应以及其它类似的影响。 根据记忆规律，通过方位角改变射频脉冲的发射功率来实现对不需要的响应的抑制。