公开(公告)号：US4336692A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-29

申请号：US140706

申请日：1980-04-16

申请人： Amir L. Ecker ,  Joseph A. Pietsch

发明人： Amir L. Ecker ,  Joseph A. Pietsch

IPC分类号： F24D11/02 ,  F24F5/00 ,  F25B29/00 ,  F25B47/02 ,  F25D21/12 ,  F25B27/00 ,  F25D21/10 ,  G05D23/00

CPC分类号： F25D21/12 ,  F24D11/0221 ,  F24F5/0046 ,  F25B29/003 ,  F25B47/022 ,  Y02B10/20 ,  Y02B10/70 ,  Y02B30/126

摘要： What is disclosed is a heat pump apparatus for conditioning a fluid characterized by a fluid handler and path for circulating the fluid in heat exchange relationship with a refrigerant fluid; at least two refrigerant heat exchangers, one for effecting heat exchange with the fluid and a second for effecting heat exchange between refrigerant and a heat exchange fluid and the ambient air; a compressor for efficiently compressing the refrigerant; at least one throttling valve for throttling liquid refrigerant; a refrigerant circuit; refrigerant; a source of heat exchange fluid; heat exchange fluid circulating device and heat exchange fluid circuit for circulating the heat exchange fluid in heat exchange relationship with the refrigerant; and valves or switches for selecting the heat exchangers and direction of flow of the refrigerant therethrough for selecting a particular mode of operation. The heat exchange fluid provides energy for defrosting the second heat exchanger when operating in the air source mode and also provides a alternate source of heat.

摘要翻译： 所公开的是一种用于调节流体的热泵装置，其特征在于流体处理器和用于使流体与制冷剂流体的热交换关系循环的路径; 至少两个用于与流体进行热交换的制冷剂热交换器和用于实现制冷剂与热交换流体和周围空气之间的热交换的制冷剂热交换器; 用于有效地压缩制冷剂的压缩机; 至少一个用于节流液体制冷剂的节流阀; 制冷剂回路; 制冷剂 热交换液源; 热交换流体循环装置和热交换流体回路，用于使热交换流体与制冷剂的热交换关系循环; 以及用于选择热交换器和制冷剂流动方向的阀或开关，用于选择特定的操作模式。 当在空气源模式中操作时，热交换流体提供用于除霜第二热交换器的能量，并且还提供替代的热源。

公开(公告)号：US4380156A

公开(公告)日：1983-04-19

申请号：US330005

申请日：1981-12-11

申请人： Amir L. Ecker

发明人： Amir L. Ecker

IPC分类号： F24D11/02 ,  F25B30/02 ,  F25B43/00 ,  F25B29/00

CPC分类号： F25B43/006 ,  F24D11/0264 ,  F25B30/02 ,  Y02B10/20 ,  Y02B10/70 ,  Y02B30/126

摘要： A heat pump apparatus for conditioning a fluid characterized by a fluid handler and path for circulating a fluid in heat exchange relationship with a refrigerant fluid, at least three refrigerant heat exchangers, one for effecting heat exchange with the fluid, a second for effecting heat exchange with a heat exchange fluid, and a third for effecting heat exchange with ambient air; a compressor for compressing the refrigerant; at least one throttling valve connected at the inlet side of a heat exchanger in which liquid refrigerant is vaporized; a refrigerant circuit; refrigerant; a source of heat exchange fluid; heat exchange fluid circuit and pump for circulating the heat exchange fluid in heat exchange relationship with the refrigerant; and valves or switches for selecting the heat exchangers and directional flow of refrigerant therethrough for selecting a particular mode of operation. Also disclosed are a variety of embodiments, modes of operation, and schematics therefor.

摘要翻译： 一种用于调节流体的热泵装置，其特征在于流体处理器和用于使流体与制冷剂流体热交换关系的循环路径，至少三个用于与流体进行热交换的制冷剂热交换器，用于进行热交换的第二制冷剂热交换器 具有热交换流体，第三个与环境空气进行热交换; 用于压缩制冷剂的压缩机; 在热交换器的入口侧连接有至少一个节流阀，其中液体制冷剂被蒸发; 制冷剂回路; 制冷剂 热交换液源; 热交换流体回路和泵，用于使热交换流体与制冷剂的热交换关系循环; 以及用于选择热交换器和制冷剂的定向流动的阀或开关，用于选择特定的操作模式。 还公开了各种实施例，操作模式及其示意图。

公开(公告)号：US4175397A

公开(公告)日：1979-11-27

申请号：US948973

申请日：1978-10-05

申请人： Thomas C. Edwards ,  Amir L. Ecker

发明人： Thomas C. Edwards ,  Amir L. Ecker

IPC分类号： B60H1/00 ,  B60H1/32 ,  F24F5/00 ,  F24F11/00 ,  F25B9/00 ,  F25B23/00 ,  F25D9/00

CPC分类号： F24F11/00 ,  B60H1/00007 ,  B60H1/3205 ,  B60H1/3211 ,  F24F5/0085 ,  F25B9/004 ,  B60H2001/3241 ,  B60H2001/3248 ,  B60H2001/3255 ,  B60H2001/3269 ,  B60H2001/3275 ,  F24F11/0012 ,  F24F2005/0025 ,  F24F2011/0041 ,  F24F2011/0043 ,  F24F2011/0073 ,  F24F2203/021 ,  F24F2221/56

摘要： An air conditioning system for an enclosed space including a jointly driven compressor and expander of the positive displacement type each having an inlet port and an outlet port with a primary heat exchanger connected between the compressor outlet port and expander inlet port and a secondary heat exchanger connected between the expander outlet port and the compressor inlet port to complete a closed loop having a charge of air and with one of the heat exchangers being thermally coupled to the enclosed space. Ambient air is injected into the closed loop to raise the pressure in the secondary heat exchanger to substantially above the atmospheric level to increase the heat rate of the system. Alternatively air is bled from the loop to reduce the pressure in the secondary heat exchanger thereby to decrease the heat rate of the system. In one embodiment of the invention a blocking valve in the path of the air stream flowing through the secondary heat exchanger is momentarily closed to create a vacuum at the compressor inlet port and an injector valve at the compressor inlet port is coincidentally opened so that ambient air is injected by the process of aspiration. While the system may be manually controlled, it is one of the features of the invention that injection and bleeding are under the automatic and corrective control of a temperature pressure sensing device so that the heat rate of the system is varied automatically in accordance with the requirements of an enclosed space for automatic maintenance of a present condition. The system is usable in a refrigerating mode, making use of the absorption of heat in the secondary heat exchanger or in the heat pump mode utilizing the dissipation of heat in the primary heat exchanger, with automatic control of space temperature in both of the modes.

摘要翻译： 一种用于封闭空间的空调系统，包括共同驱动的压缩机和正排量的膨胀机，每个具有入口端口和出口，其中连接有压缩机出口和膨胀器入口之间的主要热交换器和连接在第二热交换器 在膨胀器出口和压缩机入口之间，以完成具有空气的闭合回路，并且其中一个热交换器热耦合到封闭空间。 将环境空气注入到闭环中以将次级热交换器中的压力升高到大气水平以上，以增加系统的热量。 或者，空气从环路排出，以降低二次热交换器中的压力，从而降低系统的热量。 在本发明的一个实施例中，流过二次热交换器的空气流路径中的阻塞阀暂时关闭，以在压缩机入口处产生真空，并且压缩机入口处的喷射器阀巧合地打开，使得环境空气 通过吸气过程注射。 虽然系统可以手动控制，但是本发明的特征之一是注射和渗流在温度感测装置的自动和校正控制下，使得系统的热量根据要求自动变化 的封闭空间用于自动维护现状。 该系统可利用在二次热交换器中的热量吸收或利用热交换器中的热耗散的热泵模式中的两种模式中的空间温度的自动控制来使用。

公开(公告)号：US4064705A

公开(公告)日：1977-12-27

申请号：US733751

申请日：1976-10-26

申请人： Thomas C. Edwards ,  Amir L. Ecker

发明人： Thomas C. Edwards ,  Amir L. Ecker

IPC分类号： F24F5/00 ,  F25B9/00 ,  F25B29/00 ,  F25B13/00

CPC分类号： F25B9/00 ,  F24F5/00 ,  F24F5/0046 ,  F24F5/0085 ,  F25B29/00 ,  F25B2400/14

摘要： An air conditioning system for an enclosed space, capable of operating as a heat pump in the winter and as a refrigerator in the summer, of the type employing a unitary compressor and expander having a common rotor with vanes defining enclosed compartments for positive compression and expansion of air. An indoor heat exchanger and outdoor heat exchanger are provided with one being connected between the outlet port of the compressor and the inlet port of the expander and the other being connected from the outlet port of the expander to the inlet port of the compressor thereby to complete a loop which is charged with air. Valves are interposed for effectively interchanging the connections of the heat exchangers so that the indoor heat exchanger is used for warming in winter and cooling in summer. The outdoor heat exchanger is in the form of a solar-directed panel having a heat absorption surface and air passages for convection cooling. Means are provided for exposing the heat absorption surface and closing the air passages in the winter and for shielding the absorption surface and opening the air passages in the summer. A cold storage device is provided to serve as a heat source and to freeze water during the winter and with the melting of the resulting ice augmenting cooling effect during the summer. A heat storage device is also used to store heat during a winter day for release during the winter night. The loop is pressurized with air, the pressure being correctively varied by thermostatic control to vary the heat rate, thereby to maintain a set temperature both winter and summer in the enclosed space. The air in the loop is preferably moistened and a regenerator is optionally provided to increase the capacity of the system under extreme temperature conditions.

摘要翻译： 一种用于封闭空间的空调系统，能够在冬天作为热泵和夏季作为冰箱运行，采用单一压缩机和膨胀器的类型，其具有共同的转子，叶片限定用于正压缩和膨胀的封闭隔室 的空气。 室内热交换器和室外热交换器设置有一个连接在压缩机的出口和膨胀机的入口之间，另一个从膨胀机的出口连接到压缩机的入口，从而完成 一个充满空气的回路。 插入阀有效地交换热交换器的连接，使得室内热交换器在冬季用于升温和夏季的冷却。 室外热交换器是具有吸热表面的太阳能定向板和用于对流冷却的空气通道的形式。 提供了用于在冬季暴露吸热表面并关闭空气通道并且用于屏蔽吸收表面并在夏季打开空气通道的装置。 提供冷藏装置作为热源，并在冬季期间冻结水，并在夏季融化所产生的冰增加冷却效果。 一个储热装置也用于在冬天的一个冬季保存热量，以便在冬天的夜晚释放。 环路用空气加压，通过恒温控制校正压力，以改变热量，从而在封闭空间内保持冬季和夏季的设定温度。 循环中的空气优选地被润湿，并且可选地提供再生器以在极端温度条件下增加系统的容量。

公开(公告)号：US4175400A

公开(公告)日：1979-11-27

申请号：US958650

申请日：1978-11-08

申请人： Thomas C. Edwards ,  Amir L. Ecker

发明人： Thomas C. Edwards ,  Amir L. Ecker

IPC分类号： B60H1/00 ,  B60H1/32 ,  F24F5/00 ,  F24F11/00 ,  F25B9/00

CPC分类号： B60H1/00007 ,  B60H1/3205 ,  B60H1/3211 ,  F24F11/00 ,  F24F5/0085 ,  F25B9/004 ,  B60H2001/3241 ,  B60H2001/3248 ,  B60H2001/3255 ,  B60H2001/3269 ,  B60H2001/3275 ,  F24F11/0012 ,  F24F2005/0025 ,  F24F2011/0041 ,  F24F2011/0043 ,  F24F2011/0073 ,  F24F2203/021 ,  F24F2221/54 ,  F24F2221/56

摘要： An air conditioning system for an enclosed space employing a unitary compressor and expander of the positive displacement type, each having an inlet port and an outlet port, with a primary heat exchanger connected between the compressor outlet port and the expander inlet port and a secondary heat exchanger connected between the expander outlet port and the compressor inlet port to complete a closed loop having a charge of gas, the gas being non-condensing at the temperatures and pressures encountered in the unit. An accumulator holds an auxiliary charge of the pressurized gas at a pressure which is lower than the pressure existing in the primary heat exchanger and higher than the pressure existing in the secondary heat exchanger. A first intermittently operated valve couples the accumulator to the secondary heat exchanger for injection of auxiliary gas into the closed loop to raise the pressure in the secondary heat exchanger substantially above the atmospheric level to increase the heat rate of the system. A second intermittently operated valve couples the accumulator to the primary heat exchanger so that air is bled from the primary heat exchanger to decrease the heat rate of the system. The valves have a common operator arranged to operate the valves alternatively. It is one of the distinctive characteristics of the present invention that the loop is free of any intentional restriction in the form of a capillary or the like, or any change of phase, so that the system may be switched between high and low heat rates without risk of the "slugging" or "starvation" encountered in conventional air conditioning systems.

摘要翻译： 一种用于封闭空间的空调系统，其采用单一压缩机和正排量型膨胀机，每个压缩机和膨胀机均具有入口和出口，连接在压缩机出口和膨胀机入口之间的主热交换器和二次热 连接在膨胀器出口和压缩机入口之间的交换器，以完成具有气体充电的闭合回路，气体在该单元中遇到的温度和压力下不凝结。 蓄压器以比初级热交换器中存在的压力低的压力保持加压气体的辅助装料，并且高于次级热交换器中存在的压力。 第一间歇操作的阀将蓄能器连接到次级热交换器，用于将辅助气体注入到闭环中，以将次级热交换器中的压力升高到基本上高于大气压水平，以增加系统的热量。 第二间歇操作的阀将蓄能器连接到主热交换器，使得空气从主热交换器排出以降低系统的热速率。 这些阀具有一个通用操作器，可以交替地操作阀。 本发明的独特特征之一是，回路没有毛细管等形式的任何有意的限制或相位的任何变化，使得系统可以在高和低热速率之间切换而没有 在常规空调系统中遇到“窒息”或“饥饿”的风险。

公开(公告)号：US4175399A

公开(公告)日：1979-11-27

申请号：US769958

申请日：1977-02-18

申请人： Thomas C. Edwards ,  Amir L. Ecker

发明人： Thomas C. Edwards ,  Amir L. Ecker

IPC分类号： B60H1/00 ,  B60H1/32 ,  F24F5/00 ,  F24F11/00 ,  F25B9/00 ,  F25D9/00

CPC分类号： F24F5/0085 ,  B60H1/00007 ,  B60H1/3205 ,  B60H1/3211 ,  F24F11/00 ,  F25B9/004 ,  B60H2001/3241 ,  B60H2001/3248 ,  B60H2001/3255 ,  B60H2001/3269 ,  B60H2001/3275 ,  F24F11/0012 ,  F24F2005/0025 ,  F24F2011/0041 ,  F24F2011/0043 ,  F24F2011/0073 ,  F24F2203/021 ,  F24F2221/56

摘要： An air conditioning system for an enclosed space including a jointly driven compressor and expander of the positive displacement type each having an inlet port and an outlet port with a primary heat exchanger connected between the compressor outlet port and expander inlet port and a secondary heat exchanger connected between the expander outlet port and the compressor inlet port to complete a closed loop having a charge of air and with one of the heat exchangers being thermally coupled to the enclosed space. Ambient air is injected into the closed loop to raise the pressure in the secondary heat exchanger to substantially above the atmospheric level to increase the heat rate of the system. Alternatively air is bled from the loop to reduce the pressure in the secondary heat exchanger thereby to decrease the heat rate of the system. In an alternate embodiment a source of pressurized air is provided, preferably in the form of an accumulator, with valving to feed air from the accumulator into the loop. While the system may be manually controlled, it is one of the features of the invention that injection and bleeding are under the automatic and corrective control of a temperature pressure sensing device so that the heat rate of the system is varied automatically in accordance with the requirements of an enclosed space for automatic maintenance of a present condition.

摘要翻译： 一种用于封闭空间的空调系统，包括共同驱动的压缩机和正排量的膨胀机，每个具有入口端口和出口，其中连接有压缩机出口和膨胀器入口之间的主要热交换器和连接在第二热交换器 在膨胀器出口和压缩机入口之间，以完成具有空气的闭合回路，并且其中一个热交换器热耦合到封闭空间。 将环境空气注入到闭环中以将次级热交换器中的压力升高到大气水平以上，以增加系统的热量。 或者，空气从环路排出，以降低二次热交换器中的压力，从而降低系统的热量。 在替代实施例中，提供加压空气源，优选地以蓄能器的形式具有阀，以将空气从蓄能器供给到回路中。 虽然系统可以手动控制，但是本发明的特征之一是注射和渗流在温度感测装置的自动和校正控制下，使得系统的热量根据要求自动变化 的封闭空间用于自动维护现状。

公开(公告)号：US4411307A

公开(公告)日：1983-10-25

申请号：US229331

申请日：1981-01-29

申请人： Amir L. Ecker

发明人： Amir L. Ecker

IPC分类号： F28D7/02 ,  F28D7/14

CPC分类号： F28D7/14 ,  F28D7/022

摘要： What is disclosed is a wound tube heat exchanger in which a plurality of tubes having flattened areas are held contiguous adjacent flattened areas of tubes by a plurality of windings to give a double walled heat exchanger. The plurality of windings serve as a plurality of effective force vectors holding the conduits contiguous heat conducting walls of another conduit and result in highly efficient heat transfer. The resulting heat exchange bundle is economical and can be coiled into the desired shape. Also disclosed are specific embodiments such as the one in which the tubes are expanded against their windings after being coiled to insure highly efficient heat transfer.

摘要翻译： 所公开的是一种绕管式热交换器，其中具有扁平区域的多个管道通过多个绕组保持在邻近的相邻扁平区域，以产生双壁热交换器。 多个绕组用作多个有效的力矢量，其保持导管与另一导管的相邻的导热壁，并且导致高效的热传递。 所得到的热交换束是经济的并且可以卷绕成所需的形状。 还公开了具体的实施例，例如在卷绕之后管相对于其绕组膨胀以确保高效热传递的实施例。

公开(公告)号：US4308723A

公开(公告)日：1982-01-05

申请号：US050548

申请日：1979-06-21

申请人： Amir L. Ecker

发明人： Amir L. Ecker

IPC分类号： F25B13/00 ,  F24D11/02 ,  F25B27/00 ,  F25B30/02

CPC分类号： F24D11/0264 ,  F25B30/02 ,  Y02B10/20 ,  Y02B10/70 ,  Y02B30/126

摘要： What is disclosed is a heat pump apparatus for conditioning a fluid characterized by a fluid handler for circulating the fluid in heat exchange relationship with a refrigerant fluid; two refrigerant heat exchangers; one for effecting the heat exchange with the fluid and a second refrigerant-heat exchange fluid heat exchanger for effecting a low pressure ratio of compression of the refrigerant; a rotary compressor for compressing the refrigerant with low power consumption at the low pressure ratio; at least one throttling valve connecting at the inlet side of heat exchanger in which liquid refrigerant is vaporized; a refrigerant circuit serially connecting the above elements; refrigerant in the circuit; a source of heat exchange fluid; heat exchange fluid circulating device and heat exchange fluid circuit for circulating the heat exchange fluid in heat exchange relationship with the refrigerant.

摘要翻译： 公开的是一种用于调节流体的热泵装置，其特征在于流体处理器，用于使流体与制冷剂流体以热交换关系循环; 两个制冷剂换热器; 用于实现与流体的热交换;第二制冷剂 - 热交换流体热交换器，用于实现制冷剂的低压缩压比; 用于在低压比下以低功耗压缩制冷剂的旋转式压缩机; 至少一个连接在热交换器的入口侧的节流阀，其中液体制冷剂被蒸发; 串联连接上述元件的制冷剂回路; 电路中的制冷剂; 热交换液源; 热交换流体循环装置和用于使热交换流体与制冷剂发生热交换的循环的热交换流体回路。

公开(公告)号：US4308042A

公开(公告)日：1981-12-29

申请号：US140705

申请日：1980-04-11

申请人： Amir L. Ecker

发明人： Amir L. Ecker

IPC分类号： F24D11/02 ,  F25B13/00 ,  F25B40/04 ,  F25B47/00 ,  F25D21/12 ,  F25B27/00 ,  F25D21/10

CPC分类号： F25B40/04 ,  F24D11/0221 ,  F25B13/00 ,  F25B47/006 ,  F25D21/12 ,  Y02B10/20 ,  Y02B10/70 ,  Y02B30/126

摘要： What is disclosed is a heat pump apparatus for conditioning a fluid characterized by a fluid handler and path for circulating the fluid in heat exchange relationship with a refrigerant fluid; at least two refrigerant heat exchangers, one for effecting heat exchange with the fluid and a second for effecting heat exchange between refrigerant and a heat exchange fluid and the ambient air; a compressor for efficiently compressing the refrigerant; at least one throttling valve for throttling liquid refrigerant; a refrigerant circuit; refrigerant; a source of heat exchange fluid; heat exchange fluid circulating device and heat exchange fluid circuit for circulating the heat exchange fluid in heat exchange relationship with the refrigerant; and valves or switches for selecting the heat exchangers and direction of flow of the refrigerant therethrough for selecting a particular mode of operation. The heat exchange fluid prevents freeze up of the second heat exchanger by keeping the temperature above the dew point; and, optionally, provides heat for efficient operation.

摘要翻译： 所公开的是一种用于调节流体的热泵装置，其特征在于流体处理器和用于使流体与制冷剂流体的热交换关系循环的路径; 至少两个用于与流体进行热交换的制冷剂热交换器和用于实现制冷剂与热交换流体和周围空气之间的热交换的制冷剂热交换器; 用于有效地压缩制冷剂的压缩机; 至少一个用于节流液体制冷剂的节流阀; 制冷剂回路; 制冷剂 热交换液源; 热交换流体循环装置和热交换流体回路，用于使热交换流体与制冷剂的热交换关系循环; 以及用于选择热交换器和制冷剂流动方向的阀或开关，用于选择特定的操作模式。 热交换流体通过将温度保持在露点以上来防止第二热​​交换器的冻结; 并且可选地提供热量以进行有效的操作。

公开(公告)号：US4307578A

公开(公告)日：1981-12-29

申请号：US140771

申请日：1980-04-16

申请人： Amir L. Ecker

发明人： Amir L. Ecker

IPC分类号： F25B13/00 ,  F25B39/00 ,  F28D7/02 ,  F25B27/02 ,  F25B39/02

CPC分类号： F28D7/022 ,  F25B13/00 ,  F25B39/00 ,  F25B2313/004 ,  F25B2600/2513 ,  F25B2700/21151

摘要： A heat exchanger adapted for efficient operation alternatively as evaporator or condenser and characterized by flexible outer tube having a plurality of inner conduits and check valves sealingly disposed within the outer tube and connected with respective inlet and outlet master flow conduits and configured so as to define a parallel flow path for a first fluid such as a refrigerant when flowed in one direction and to define a serpentine and series flow path for the first fluid when flowed in the opposite direction. The flexible outer tube has a heat exchange fluid, such as water, flowed therethrough by way of suitable inlet and outlet connections. The inner conduits and check valves form a package that is twistable so as to define a spiral annular flow path within the flexible outer tube for the heat exchange fluid. The inner conduits have thin walls of highly efficient heat transfer material for transferring heat between the first and second fluids. Also disclosed are specific materials and configurations.

摘要翻译： 一种热交换器，其适于作为蒸发器或冷凝器的有效操作，其特征在于具有密封地设置在外管内的多个内管道和止回阀的柔性外管，并与相应的入口和出口主流管道连接并且构造成限定 用于在沿一个方向流动时用于第一流体（例如制冷剂）的平行流动路径，并且当沿相反方向流动时限定用于第一流体的蛇形和串联流动路径。 柔性外管具有热交换流体，例如水，通过合适的入口和出口连接流过其中。 内部导管和止回阀形成可扭转的包装，以便在用于热交换流体的柔性外管内限定螺旋形环形流动路径。 内部管道具有用于在第一和第二流体之间传递热量的高效传热材料的薄壁。 还公开了具体的材料和构造。