公开(公告)号：US20100003003A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-07

申请号：US12496903

申请日：2009-07-02

申请人： Asif A. Godil ,  Kenneth Honer ,  Matthew Lawrence ,  Eric Gustafson

发明人： Asif A. Godil ,  Kenneth Honer ,  Matthew Lawrence ,  Eric Gustafson

IPC分类号： G02B6/00 ,  B23P11/00 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/26

CPC分类号： G02B6/266 ,  Y10T29/49826

摘要： A tilting mirror MEMS variable optical attenuator attenuates light over a band of wavelengths with minimum wavelength dependent loss. The attenuator includes a lens that has a wedged input face and is made from a material that has high dispersion. The lens design causes different wavelengths to travel different paths through the attenuator such that wavelength dependent loss is reduced. The attenuator may be designed to have minimum wavelength dependent loss at a specified attenuation greater than zero.

摘要翻译： 倾斜镜MEMS可变光衰减器以最小的波长依赖损耗在一波长波段上衰减光。 衰减器包括具有楔形输入面的透镜，并由具有高色散的材料制成。 透镜设计导致不同的波长通过衰减器传播不同的路径，从而降低了波长相关的损耗。 衰减器可以设计成在大于零的指定衰减下具有最小的波长相关损耗。

公开(公告)号：US06268952B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

申请号：US09353122

申请日：1999-07-14

申请人： Asif A. Godil ,  David M. Bloom

发明人： Asif A. Godil ,  David M. Bloom

IPC分类号： G02B2608

CPC分类号： G02B26/0808 ,  G02B6/3516 ,  G02B6/3556 ,  G02B6/356

摘要： An optical switch uses a micromachined adjustable phase hologram device to route optical signals from an input fiber to selected output fibers is described. The adjustable phase hologram includes a large number of micromachined reflective ribbons which can be individually controlled and adjusted to produce a wide range of phase profiles to route the light beams from the input fiber. This optical switch is capable of dealing directly with optical signals, has fast switching speeds, is capable of routing WDM input signals, is polarization independent, is scalable to large switches, and avoids the complexity of other switches.

摘要翻译： 光学开关使用微机械可调相位全息装置将光信号从输入光纤路由到选定的输出光纤。 可调相位全息图包括大量的微机械加工的反射带，其可被单独控制和调节以产生宽范围的相位轮廓，以便将来自输入光纤的光束路由。 该光开关能够直接处理光信号，具有快速的切换速度，能够路由WDM输入信号，独立于偏振，可扩展到大型交换机，避免了其他交换机的复杂性。

公开(公告)号：US06169624A

公开(公告)日：2001-01-02

申请号：US09372649

申请日：1999-08-11

申请人： Asif A. Godil ,  David M. Bloom

发明人： Asif A. Godil ,  David M. Bloom

IPC分类号： G02B2600

CPC分类号： G02B26/0808 ,  G02B5/1828 ,  G02B6/266 ,  G02B6/29352 ,  G02B6/3516 ,  G02B6/357 ,  G02B6/3584 ,  H01S5/005

摘要： Micromachined grating modulators which exhibit achromatic behavior are described. One embodiment includes narrow and wide ribbons suspended above a substrate and alternatingly interleaved with each other. Narrow and wide reflective surfaces are formed on the narrow and wide ribbons. Compensating reflective surfaces are formed in the gaps between and beneath the ribbons. The width of the ribbons as well as the width of the gaps and the compensating reflecting surfaces are designed so that incident optical beam can be modulated or attenuated in an achromatic fashion.

摘要翻译： 描述了显示消色差行为的微加工光栅调制器。 一个实施例包括悬挂在衬底上并且彼此交替交错的窄而宽的带。 狭窄和宽的反光表面形成在窄而宽的色带上。 在色带之间和之下的间隙中形成补偿反射表面。 带的宽度以及间隙和补偿反射表面的宽度被设计成使得入射光束可以以无色方式被调制或衰减。

公开(公告)号：US6040914A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-21

申请号：US872617

申请日：1997-06-10

申请人： Michael L. Bortz ,  Asif A. Godil

发明人： Michael L. Bortz ,  Asif A. Godil

IPC分类号： G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N21/31

CPC分类号： G01N21/39 ,  G01J3/433

摘要： A laser absorption sensor system for performing optical measurements on a sample is described. The sensor system includes a tunable laser, capable of being tuned at rates exceeding 1 KHZ, and with a tuning range approaching 1 GHz. The laser beam is modulated at a modulation frequency between 1 and 100 KHz. Modulation in this frequency range is termed wavelength modulation. The beam is split into two beams, a signal beam and a reference beam. The signal beam traverses the sample where characteristic absorption takes place and is incident on a signal photodetector. The reference beam is incident directly on a reference photodetector. A noise cancellation circuit combines signal and reference photo-currents from signal and reference photodetectors reducing signal noise and increasing system sensitivity. The combination of wavelength modulation and the noise cancellation scheme provide a highly sensitive simple, rugged, low cost laser absorption sensor system.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于对样品进行光学测量的激光吸收传感器系统。 传感器系统包括可调谐激光器，能够以超过1 KHZ的速率调谐，并且调谐范围接近1 GHz。 激光束以1和100KHz之间的调制频率进行调制。 该频率范围内的调制称为波长调制。 光束被分成两个光束，一个信号光束和一个参考光束。 信号光束穿过特征吸收发生并入射到信号光电检测器上的样品。 参考光束直接入射到参考光电检测器上。 噪声消除电路组合信号和参考光电检测器的信号和参考光电流，从而降低信号噪声并提高系统灵敏度。 波长调制和噪声消除方案的组合提供了高灵敏度的简单，坚固，低成本的激光吸收传感器系统。

公开(公告)号：US06888983B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-03

申请号：US09900753

申请日：2001-07-06

申请人： Eric K. Gustafson ,  Asif A. Godil

发明人： Eric K. Gustafson ,  Asif A. Godil

IPC分类号： G02B6/35 ,  G02B26/08 ,  H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/10 ,  H01S5/00 ,  G02B6/32

CPC分类号： G02B6/356 ,  G02B6/3512 ,  G02B6/3552 ,  G02B6/3592 ,  G02B6/3594 ,  G02B26/0808 ,  H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/10023 ,  H01S5/005 ,  H01S2301/04

摘要： A beam refraction apparatus includes an input fiber carrying an input beam. A wavelength dispersive element is coupled to the input fiber. The wavelength dispersive element spreads the input beam in at least one dimension as a function of wavelength and generates a dispersed beam. A controllable grating reflects the dispersed beam to the wavelength dispersive element and generates a recombined beam. The controllable grating provides a controllable reflectivity as a function of wavelength. An output fiber receives the recombined beam. A collimating optical member is coupled to the input and output fibers. The collimating optical member passes the input beam and the recombined beams in parallel and opposite directions.

摘要翻译： 光束折射装置包括承载输入光束的输入光纤。 波长色散元件耦合到输入光纤。 波长色散元件将输入光束以至少一个维度作为波长的函数展开，并产生分散的光束。 可控光栅将分散的光束反射到波长色散元件并产生重组光束。 可控光栅提供作为波长的函数的可控反射率。 输出光纤接收重组光束。 准直光学构件耦合到输入和输出光纤。 准直光学构件使输入光束和复合光束平行和相反方向通过。

公开(公告)号：US06674563B2

公开(公告)日：2004-01-06

申请号：US09855873

申请日：2001-05-14

申请人： Benjamin Wai-ho Chui ,  Timothy Stowe ,  Asif A. Godil

发明人： Benjamin Wai-ho Chui ,  Timothy Stowe ,  Asif A. Godil

IPC分类号： G02B2600

CPC分类号： G02B6/3564 ,  G02B5/1828 ,  G02B6/266 ,  G02B6/3512 ,  G02B6/357 ,  G02B6/3594 ,  G02B26/0808 ,  H01S5/005

摘要： Various embodiments are disclosed of apparatuses and methods for linearization. A linearized signal can control, for example, a microelectromechanical device, a microelectromechanical device, and/or a device controlling a modulated intensity of electromagnetic energy. Some embodiments include linearization functions such as a logarithm or x/(a+x).

摘要翻译： 公开了用于线性化的装置和方法的各种实施例。 线性化信号可以控制例如微机电装置，微机电装置和/或控制电磁能量的调制强度的装置。 一些实施例包括线性化函数，例如对数或x /（a + x）。

公开(公告)号：US5982553A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-09

申请号：US821390

申请日：1997-03-20

申请人： David M. Bloom ,  Asif A. Godil

发明人： David M. Bloom ,  Asif A. Godil

IPC分类号： B41J2/445 ,  G02B5/18 ,  G02B26/08 ,  G02B26/10 ,  G02B27/01 ,  G02B27/10

CPC分类号： G02B27/017 ,  G02B26/0808 ,  G02B26/10 ,  G02B5/1828

摘要： A display system for providing a two dimensional image includes an essentially one dimensional light valve array. The diffractive light valve array includes modulator elements which diffract or reflect light incident thereon to an extent determined by an image element to be represented. The display system is arranged such diffracted light from the light-valve array passes through a magnifying lens and is separated from the reflected light from the array. A magnified virtual image of the array formed by the diffracted light is viewed through the magnifying lens. A scanning arrangement between the viewer and the magnifying lens scans the image of the light-valve array across the field of view of the viewer sufficiently quickly that the viewer perceives the scanned image as a two-dimensional image. In another arrangement a printer is formed by scanning a real image of the diffractive light valve array over a printing or recording medium.

摘要翻译： 用于提供二维图像的显示系统包括基本上一维的光阀阵列。 衍射光阀阵列包括将入射到其上的光衍射或反射到由要表示的图像元素确定的程度的调制器元件。 显示系统被布置成来自光阀阵列的衍射光通过放大透镜并与阵列的反射光分离。 通过放大透镜观看由衍射光形成的阵列的放大的虚像。 观看者和放大镜之间的扫描布置能够快速地扫描观察者的视野的光阀阵列的图像，使得观看者将扫描图像感知为二维图像。 在另一种布置中，通过在打印或记录介质上扫描衍射光阀阵列的实像来形成打印机。

公开(公告)号：US5526169A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-11

申请号：US321921

申请日：1994-10-12

申请人： Hiroki Kikuchi ,  Asif A. Godil ,  Tatsuo Fukui

发明人： Hiroki Kikuchi ,  Asif A. Godil ,  Tatsuo Fukui

IPC分类号： G02F1/03

CPC分类号： G02F1/0316 ,  G02F2201/12

摘要： An electro-optical modulator has an electro-optical crystal having an optical path, and a pair of electrodes disposed one on each side of the optical path for applying a signal voltage therebetween. At least one of the electrodes is formed on a side surface of a groove defined along the optical path of the electro-optical crystal.

摘要翻译： 电光调制器具有具有光路的电光晶体，以及设置在光路两侧的一对电极，用于在其间施加信号电压。 至少一个电极形成在沿着电光晶体的光路限定的凹槽的侧表面上。

公开(公告)号：US07709354B2

公开(公告)日：2010-05-04

申请号：US11807462

申请日：2007-05-29

申请人： Timothy D. Stowe ,  Jocelyn Nee ,  Asif A. Godil

发明人： Timothy D. Stowe ,  Jocelyn Nee ,  Asif A. Godil

IPC分类号： H01L21/30

CPC分类号： G02B6/2713 ,  G02B6/2793 ,  G02B6/2931 ,  G02B6/29311 ,  G02B6/29313 ,  G02B6/29383 ,  G02B6/29391 ,  G02B6/29397 ,  G02B6/3512 ,  G02B6/356

摘要： A 1×N wavelength selective switch which can function as a dynamic channel equalizer when N=1. In an exemplary arrangement, the present invention is a free-space device that includes a linear array of micromachined reflective elements for beam steering of individual wavelength channels. In at least some embodiments the array of reflective elements of the present invention provides a substantially seamless design such that the optical spectrum appears flat across the transition between actuators. Various embodiments provide high channel bandwidth with flat-top channel performance, low polarization dependence loss, low vibration sensitivity, extinction ratios greater than 40 dB over all temperatures, and very low levels of electrical and optical channel cross-talk.

摘要翻译： 1 N波长选择开关，当N = 1时可以作为动态通道均衡器。 在示例性布置中，本发明是一种自由空间装置，其包括用于各个波长通道的波束导向的微机械反射元件的线性阵列。 在至少一些实施例中，本发明的反射元件阵列提供基本上无缝的设计，使得光谱在致动器之间的过渡处看起来平坦。 各种实施例提供具有平顶通道性能的高通道带宽，低偏振相关损耗，低振动灵敏度，在所有温度下大于40dB的消光比以及非常低水平的电和光信道串扰。

公开(公告)号：US07239774B1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-03

申请号：US10918572

申请日：2004-08-13

申请人： Timothy D Stowe ,  Jocelyn Nee ,  Asif A Godil

发明人： Timothy D Stowe ,  Jocelyn Nee ,  Asif A Godil

IPC分类号： G02B6/35

CPC分类号： G02B6/2713 ,  G02B6/2793 ,  G02B6/2931 ,  G02B6/29311 ,  G02B6/29313 ,  G02B6/29383 ,  G02B6/29391 ,  G02B6/29397 ,  G02B6/3512 ,  G02B6/356

摘要： A 1×N wavelength selective switch which can function as a dynamic channel equalizer when N=1. In an exemplary arrangement, the present invention is a free-space device that includes a linear array of micromachined reflective elements for beam steering of individual wavelength channels. In at least some embodiments the array of reflective elements of the present invention provides a substantially seamless design such that the optical spectrum appears flat across the transition between actuators. Various embodiments provide high channel bandwidth with flat-top channel performance, low polarization dependence loss, low vibration sensitivity, extinction ratios greater than 40 dB over all temperatures, and very low levels of electrical and optical channel cross-talk.

摘要翻译： 一个1xN波长选择开关，当N = 1时可以作为动态通道均衡器。 在示例性布置中，本发明是一种自由空间装置，其包括用于各个波长通道的波束导向的微机械反射元件的线性阵列。 在至少一些实施例中，本发明的反射元件阵列提供基本上无缝的设计，使得光谱在致动器之间的过渡处看起来平坦。 各种实施例提供具有平顶通道性能的高通道带宽，低偏振相关损耗，低振动灵敏度，在所有温度下大于40dB的消光比以及非常低水平的电和光信道串扰。