摘要:
A solar cell (1) and a support member (21) supporting the solar cell (1) are provided, the support member (21) has a metal portion, and between the solar cell (1) and the metal portion of the support member (21), a spacer (31) is provided. The spacer (31) has coefficient of thermal conductivity of at most 10−3W/cm·° C. and functions as an heat insulator, and/or resistivity of at least 1012&OHgr;·cm and functions as an electrical insulator, and maintains its shape when the solar cell (1) is in a state of operation.
摘要:
To prevent the display image from becoming unclear due to an overlap of the afterimage of the display image of the preceding frame period with the display image of the current frame period so that the image quality of the motion picture may be improved, a display apparatus includes a display surface having a plurality of pixel lines and a write circuit adapted to sequentially write an image into each of said plurality of pixel lines. The write circuit writes, during a time period for writing said image into at least one pixel line, a black color into another pixel line. The another pixel line is separated from the at least one pixel line by a predetermined distance. The write circuit writes the black color into a plurality of pixel lines separated from the at least one gate line by the predetermined distance.
摘要:
An alignment-film in which the pretilt angle is changed by ultraviolet irradiation, a material for forming the same, a liquid crystal display device using the alignment film, a method for producing an alignment-film formation material, and a method for producing an alignment film. Ultraviolet irradiation causes large changes in pretilt angle but few changes in electrical characteristics, and a liquid crystal display device free from deterioration of the liquid crystal, image sticking, or the occurrence of flicker results. A first polymer forms the underlying principal layer and a second polymer forms thereon a surface layer thinner than the principal layer. The first polymer may exhibit a small change in electrical characteristics due to ultraviolet radiation and the second polymer may exhibit a large change in pretilt angle due to ultraviolet radiation.