公开(公告)号：US20100174107A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-08

申请号：US12303660

申请日：2007-06-04

申请人： Seth C. Ennis ,  Bryan D. Kennedy

发明人： Seth C. Ennis ,  Bryan D. Kennedy

IPC分类号： C07C67/00

CPC分类号： C07C213/00 ,  C07C213/06 ,  C07C215/54 ,  C07C219/28

摘要： This disclosure relates to process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) wherein R is hydrogen, a straight or branched C1-C6 alkyl-carbonyl group or a phenylcarbonyl group, or a salt thereof, comprising the following steps: a) adding to a suspension of Mg a compound of formula (II) R1(MgX)n—LiY wherein n is 1 or 2; R1 is an aromatic, aliphatic, carbocyclic or heterocyclic organic group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms; X and Y are independently selected from Cl, Br and I, b) reacting said reaction mixture with a suitable halogenated compound in a solvent to form a Grignard reagent, c) reacting said Grignard reagent with a suitable linear, branched or cyclic carbonate to obtain a compound of formula (TV) wherein A is a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C6 alkyl group, and preferably a methyl group, and then further reacting the compound of formula (IV) in a known manner to obtain a compound of formula (I) and optionally salt formation.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及制备其中R为氢，直链或支链C 1 -C 6烷基 - 羰基或苯基羰基的式（I）化合物或其盐的方法，包括以下步骤：a）将 向其中n为1或2的式（II）R1（MgX）n-LiY化合物的Mg的悬浮液; R1是具有1至24个碳原子的芳族，脂族，碳环或杂环的有机基团; X和Y独立地选自Cl，Br和I，b）使所述反应混合物与合适的卤代化合物在溶剂中反应以形成格氏试剂，c）使所述格氏试剂与合适的直链，支链或环状碳酸酯反应，得到 式（TV）的化合物，其中A是直链，支链或环状的C 1 -C 6烷基，优选甲基，然后以已知方式使式（Ⅳ）化合物进一步反应，得到式 I）和任选的盐形成。

公开(公告)号：US5751340A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-12

申请号：US701131

申请日：1996-08-21

申请人： Karlheinz Strobl ,  Bryan D. Kennedy ,  David Chatenever ,  Klaus Irion

发明人： Karlheinz Strobl ,  Bryan D. Kennedy ,  David Chatenever ,  Klaus Irion

IPC分类号： A61B1/00 ,  A61B1/04 ,  G02B6/04 ,  H04N5/21 ,  H04N5/217 ,  H04N5/225 ,  H04N5/357 ,  H04N5/235

CPC分类号： H04N5/2254 ,  A61B1/00165 ,  H04N5/217 ,  A61B1/042 ,  H04N2005/2255 ,  H04N5/21 ,  H04N5/3572

摘要： A method and apparatus for improving an image received from a endoscope having a flexible fiber optic bundle that produces an interstitial grid overlay due to the dead space between each fiber pixel. The interstitial grid pattern in the image, is substantially eliminated by processing the image through a linear digital filter to attenuate the first-order spatial frequency components that contribute most to the interstitial pattern. The filter employs relatively small convolution kernels that are optimized for specific fiber spacing. The image is then processed through the linear digital filter by convolving the respective pixels in the image by the derived coefficients. The image is improved and the grid pattern may also be reduced by a dilation process which involves processing the image through a dilation algorithm to "grow" the bright center of each fiber pixel in the image so that the effect of the grid pattern is reduced. The process involves filling in the dark area of the grid space with the color and intensity from the nearest fiber center to obtain an equivalent image representation. The dilation process uses a non-linear image processing algorithm to replace each pixel with the maximum pixel brightness in its immediate neighborhood depending on the selection of a kernel. The dilation kernel is selected by determining the number of detector (CCD) pixels that fit in a space between the fiber cores and then selecting a matrix size and kernel pattern.

摘要翻译： 一种用于改善从具有柔性光纤束的内窥镜接收的图像的方法和装置，其由于每个光纤像素之间的死空间而产生间隙格栅覆盖。 图像中的间质网格图案通过线性数字滤波器处理该图像而基本消除，以衰减对间隙图案贡献最大的一阶空间频率分量。 滤波器采用针对特定光纤间隔进行优化的相对较小的卷积内核。 然后通过线性数字滤波器对图像进行处理，方法是通过导出的系数卷积图像中的各个像素。 图像被改善，并且网格图案也可以通过扩张处理来减少，该扩展处理涉及通过扩张算法处理图像以“增长”图像中的每个光纤像素的明亮中心，从而降低网格图案的效果。 该过程包括从最近的纤维中心填充网格空间的暗区域，并获得等效图像表示的颜色和强度。 扩张过程使用非线性图像处理算法来根据内核的选择以其近邻中的最大像素亮度来替换每个像素。 通过确定拟合在纤维芯之间的空间中的检测器（CCD）像素的数量，然后选择矩阵大小和核心图案来选择扩张核。

公开(公告)号：US08299306B2

公开(公告)日：2012-10-30

申请号：US12303660

申请日：2007-06-04

申请人： Seth C. Ennis ,  Bryan D. Kennedy

发明人： Seth C. Ennis ,  Bryan D. Kennedy

IPC分类号： C07C211/00

CPC分类号： C07C213/00 ,  C07C213/06 ,  C07C215/54 ,  C07C219/28

摘要： This disclosure relates to process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) wherein R is hydrogen, a straight or branched C1-C6 alkyl-carbonyl group or a phenylcarbonyl group, or a salt thereof, comprising the following steps: a) adding to a suspension of Mg a compound of formula (II) R1(MgX)n—LiY wherein n is 1 or 2; R1 is an aromatic, aliphatic, carbocyclic or heterocyclic organic group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms; X and Y are independently selected from Cl, Br and I, b) reacting said reaction mixture with a suitable halogenated compound in a solvent to form a Grignard reagent, c) reacting said Grignard reagent with a suitable linear, branched or cyclic carbonate to obtain a compound of formula (IV) wherein A is a linear, branched or cyclic C1-C6 alkyl group, and preferably a methyl group, and then further reacting the compound of formula (IV) in a known manner to obtain a compound of formula (I) and optionally salt formation.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及制备其中R为氢，直链或支链C 1 -C 6烷基 - 羰基或苯基羰基的式（I）化合物或其盐的方法，包括以下步骤：a）将 向其中n为1或2的式（II）R1（MgX）n-LiY化合物的Mg的悬浮液; R1是具有1至24个碳原子的芳族，脂族，碳环或杂环的有机基团; X和Y独立地选自Cl，Br和I，b）使所述反应混合物与合适的卤代化合物在溶剂中反应以形成格氏试剂，c）使所述格氏试剂与合适的直链，支链或环状碳酸酯反应，得到 式（Ⅳ）的化合物，其中A为直链，支链或环状的C 1 -C 6烷基，优选为甲基，然后以已知方式使式（Ⅳ）化合物进一步反应，得到式 I）和任选的盐形成。