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公开(公告)号：US4551218A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-05
申请号：US391410
申请日：1983-06-23
CPC分类号： C25C3/08
摘要： In an electrolytic reduction cell in which molten metal is produced by electrolysis of a molten electrolyte, less dense than the molten metal product, the molten product metal collects at the bottom of the cell. A filter is provided at this location and is constructed from a material which is resistant to attack by both the molten metal and molten electrolyte, and which is wetted by the molten metal, but not by the electrolyte. By correcting sizing of the passage or passages in the filter molten metal product can be drawn out of the cell without simultaneous withdrawal of molten electrolyte. In the case of a cell for the production of aluminium the filter is preferably constructed from titanium diboride.
摘要翻译： 在通过电解熔融电解液而生成熔融金属的电解还原电池中，比熔融金属产物密度小的电解还原电池，在电池底部收集熔融产物金属。 在该位置处设置有过滤器，并且由熔融金属和熔融电解质抵抗而被熔融金属润湿而不被电解质润湿的材料构成。 通过校正过滤器中的通道或通道的尺寸，熔融金属产品可以从电池中抽出而不会同时抽出熔融的电解液。 在用于生产铝的电池的情况下，过滤器优选由二硼化钛构成。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4230540A
公开(公告)日：1980-10-28
申请号：US33213
申请日：1979-04-25
CPC分类号： C25C3/06
摘要： For the clearance of anode effects in operation of electrolytic cells for aluminium production, movement in the metal pool is induced to effect short-circuiting of the cell and disturbance of any gas film on the face of the anode(s) by raising the anode(s) and then lowering them to datum position and/or tilting the anode in relation to datum position. Upward movement is terminated either after a predetermined distance or when a predetermined cell voltage is attained. Fresh alumina is introduced into the cell by breaking alumina crust by anode movement or by independent supply.
摘要翻译： 为了在铝生产的电解槽操作中清除阳极效应，引起金属池中的移动，通过升高阳极来引起电池的短路和对阳极表面的任何气膜的干扰（ 然后将它们降低到基准位置和/或使阳极相对于基准位置倾斜。 在预定距离之后或当达到预定电池电压时，向上移动终止。 新鲜氧化铝通过阳极运动或独立供应破坏氧化铝外壳而被引入电池。
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公开(公告)号：US4634581A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-06
申请号：US826468
申请日：1986-02-05
CPC分类号： C01F7/306 , C01F7/46 , C01P2006/80
摘要： A process is described for the formation of high purity alumina from Bayer Process alumina trihydrate (gibbsite). The solid hydrated alumina is reacted with concentrated HCl to cause partial or complete conversion to aluminum chloride hexahydrate (ACH). The ACH or mixture of ACH and unreacted hydrated alumina is recovered as a solid and calcined in a single or multistage calcination to high purity alumina. Soda contents in the product anhydrous alumina can be reduced by 98% or greater. Contents of other impurities, such as silica, iron, magnesium, etc., are also markedly reduced. Different degrees of impurity reduction can be obtained by controlling the degree of conversion of the hydrated alumina to ACH and by recycling and treating the acid after solid/liquid separation. The purified products find use in the specialty ceramics field, as catalyst supports, as adsorbents, in electronic components, in prosthetic devices or other applications in which alumina of controlled degrees of purity offers an advantage.
摘要翻译： 描述了从拜耳法氧化铝三水合物（三水铝矿）形成高纯度氧化铝的方法。 固体水合氧化铝与浓HCl反应，使部分或完全转化为氯化铝六水合物（ACH）。 将ACH或ACH与未反应的水合氧化铝的混合物作为固体回收并在单次或多步煅烧中煅烧成高纯度氧化铝。 产品无水氧化铝中的纯碱含量可降低98％以上。 其他杂质如二氧化硅，铁，镁等的含量也明显降低。 通过控制水合氧化铝向ACH的转化程度和固/液分离后的酸的再循环和处理可以获得不同程度的杂质减少。 纯化的产品可用于特种陶瓷领域，作为催化剂载体，作为吸附剂，电子部件，假体装置或其中可控制度的氧化铝具有优点的其他应用。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4465659A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-14
申请号：US400310
申请日：1982-07-21
摘要： An improved method of producing anhydrous aluminum chloride via aluminum chloride hexahydrate is provided. In a preferred embodiment the method is incorporated into a process for producing aluminum from aluminous ores, and particularly from domestic ore sources comprising (1) acid leaching an aluminous ore to produce aluminum chloride hexahydrate (ACH); (2) calcining the ACH to a specific temperature of above about 450.degree. C. to produce highly reactive aluminous particles containing high residual chloride and low residual hydrogen levels; (3) reductively chlorinating the calcined ACH at a low temperature to produce anhydrous aluminum chloride suitable for electrolytic reduction; and (4) electrolytically reducing the anhydrous aluminum chloride in a fused salt to produce aluminum metal and chlorine which is recycled to step (3).
摘要翻译： 提供了一种通过氯化铝六水合物生产无水氯化铝的改进方法。 在一个优选的实施方案中，该方法被并入用于从铝矿石，特别是从国内矿石源生产铝的方法，其包括（1）酸浸出铝矿以产生氯化铝六水合物（ACH）; （2）将ACH煅烧至高于约450℃的特定温度，以产生高反应性的含有高残留氯化物和低残留氢气水平的铝质颗粒; （3）在低温下将煅烧的ACH还原氯化以制备适用于电解还原的无水氯化铝; 和（4）电解还原熔融盐中的无水氯化铝以产生铝和金属，再循环到步骤（3）。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4444740A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-24
申请号：US466159
申请日：1983-02-14
摘要： A method for recovery of fluoride values from spent potlining and fluoride containing insulating materials associated with the potlining is disclosed. Spent potlining and the insulating materials are reduced to a fine particle size and incinerated. The ash residue is leached with a dilute caustic and the leachate is treated with a calcium compound to precipitate calcium fluoride. The calcium fluoride is dried to a moisture content of less than 0.1 percent and is treated with about 93 to 99 percent concentration of sulfuric acid to produce hydrogen fluoride gas and a metal sulfate. The hydrogen fluoride gas is fed into an alumina dry scrubber to produce alumina with absorbed fluorides to be used as feed material to reduction cells used in the manufacture of aluminum by electrolytic reduction. The metal sulfate residue is treated with lime and constitutes an environmentally safe product which can be disposed of as landfill material.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于从废铜和氟化物中回收氟化物值的方法，该方法包括与陶瓷相关的绝缘材料。 废铜和绝缘材料减少到细粒度并焚烧。 灰渣用稀碱液浸出，渗滤液用钙化合物处理以沉淀氟化钙。 将氟化钙干燥至水分含量小于0.1％，并用约93至99％浓度的硫酸处理以产生氟化氢气体和金属硫酸盐。 将氟化氢气体进料到氧化铝干洗器中以产生具有吸收的氟化物的氧化铝，以将其用作用于通过电解还原制造铝的还原电池的进料。 金属硫酸盐残余物用石灰处理，构成可以作为垃圾填埋材料处理的环境安全的产品。
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公开(公告)号：US4443313A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-17
申请号：US391404
申请日：1982-06-23
申请人： Adam J. Gesing , John McIntyre , Meine Vandermeulen , Edward L. Cambridge , Thomas P. DeAngelis
发明人： Adam J. Gesing , John McIntyre , Meine Vandermeulen , Edward L. Cambridge , Thomas P. DeAngelis
CPC分类号： C25C3/08
摘要： In an electrolytic reduction cell for the production of molten metal, particularly aluminium, by electrolysis of a less dense salt monolayer of ceramic shapes is located on the floor of the cell. Such shapes are formed of a ceramic material, wettable by molten aluminium, but not wettable by the cell electrolyte. The spacing between adjacent shapes and/or the apertures in individual shapes is selected such that interfaced surface forces prevent entry of electrolyte between the shapes. The shapes may be tiles, honeycombs, cylinders, tubes, balls etc. The product metal may be collected in a sump for periodic withdrawal from the cell or withdrawn continuously or at short intervals through a selective filter that permits passage of molten metal, but not of molten cell electrolyte, at low withdrawal rates.
摘要翻译： 在用于生产熔融金属，特别是铝的电解还原电池中，通过电解较小密度的陶瓷形状的单层单层位于电池的底板上。 这种形状由陶瓷材料形成，可由熔融铝润湿但不被电池电解质润湿。 选择相邻形状和/或各个形状的孔之间的间隔，使得界面表面力防止电解质在形状之间进入。 形状可以是瓷砖，蜂窝，圆柱体，管，球等。产品金属可以被收集在贮槽中以便从池中周期性地取出，或者通过允许熔融金属通过的选择性过滤器连续地或以短时间间隔地抽出 的熔融电解液，以低回收率。
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