摘要:
A polyalcohol mixture is produced by heating dehydrating a reaction mixture comprising D-sorbitol, L-sorbitol or a mixture thereof in the presence of an acid catalyst. The reaction progress is followed by measuring the optical rotation of the reaction mixture during the reaction. The reaction is stopped when the optical rotation value of the reaction mixture corresponds to the optical rotation value of the desired polyalcohol mixture.
摘要:
A compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is alkyl of 8-22 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain or hydroxyalkyl of 2-22 carbon atoms; and R' and R" each independently is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl provided that R' and R" are not simultaneously hydrogen, and R' and R" in total have 8-20 carbon atoms;andin I, x is 0.5-5 and y is 5-50; andin II, z is freely selectable with the proviso that the sum total of all x for a given z is 0.5-5 and the sum total of all y for a given z is 5-50;and m is 1 or 2.
摘要:
Compounds of the following formula are suitable for reducing the interfacial surface tension of oily phases with respect to water: ##STR1## wherein z is 1 or 2,R, for z=1, is alkyl, aralkyl, or alkylaryl of 8-22 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, or hydroxyalkyl of 2-22 carbon atoms, and, for z=2, is (aryl)alkylene of 4-18 carbon atoms,R' and R" each independently is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl wherein R' and R" are not simultaneously hydrogen and R' and R" together have 8-20 total carbon atoms,x is 10-40 andy is 1.2-5.