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公开(公告)号：US4085518A
公开(公告)日：1978-04-25
申请号：US721441
申请日：1976-09-08
CPC分类号： F26B21/14
摘要： Process of drying water-wet solid materials, which process comprises, in a system,A. forcibly contacting the water-wet solid material with circulating vapor of a fluorocarbon having a fluorine to carbon atom ratio of at least 1.0 and a boiling temperature of less than about 80.degree. C at atmospheric pressure, said fluorocarbon vapor being at a temperture above about 100.degree. C and said contacting being carried out in the absence of a substantial amount of a noncondensable gas, such as air or nitrogen,B. passing the resulting mixture of fluorocarbon vapor and water vapor from step (a) through a zone maintained at a temperature less than 100.degree. and at least 1.degree. C above the atmospheric pressure boiling temperature of the fluorocarbon to condense a substantial portion of the water vapor but not a substantial portion of the fluorocarbon vapor and, preferably, so that the partial pressure of the water in the remaining vapor mixture is less than about 25 cm of mercury,C. heating the vapor mixture from step (b) to a temperature above about 100.degree. C and recycling the mixture to step (a),D. repeating steps (a), (b) and (c), while maintaining substantially constant in the system the amount of fluorocarbon vapor, until the solid material is substantially free of water and contains only fluorocarbon vapor on its surfaces and/or occluded in its interstices, and thereafterE. removing and recovering from the solid material the fluorocarbon vapor values andF. recovering solid material which is substantially free of water and fluorocarbon.
摘要翻译： 干燥水湿固体材料的方法，该方法在系统中包括A.将具有氟化物的氟化物的循环蒸汽的水固体材料与至少1.0的碳原子比和较小的沸腾温度相接触 在大气压下约80℃，所述碳氟化合物蒸气的温度高于约100℃，所述接触在不存在大量不可冷凝的气体如空气或氮气的情况下进行。B.通过结果 氟化碳蒸气和水蒸气的混合物从步骤（A）通过在低于100℃且至少1℃的温度下维持在超过氟碳化合物的大气压沸点温度的区域，以冷凝大部分水蒸汽，但不是 优选地，使得剩余蒸汽混合物中的水的分压小于约25cm汞柱，C.加热蒸气 从步骤（B）到约100℃的温度混合并将混合物回收到步骤（a），D。重复步骤（A），（B）和（C），在系统中维持大量持续时间 氟化氢蒸气，固体物质不含水，仅在其表面和/或其间的相互作用下含有氟挥发性物质，以及其他物质E.从固体物质中除去和回收氟代蒸汽值和F.回收固体物质 主要是水和氟。
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公开(公告)号：US3998588A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-21
申请号：US581568
申请日：1975-05-28
CPC分类号： F28C3/005 , D06C7/00 , F26B13/101 , F26B21/14 , F26B25/006 , D06C2700/09 , Y10S8/16
摘要： Process for continuously transferring heat to a moving band of solid material, for example, a textile, a film, particles, or any shaped or unshaped article, the band preferably comprising a disperse dyeable synthetic polymer, for example, a polyester or polyamide, said process comprising passing the band through a substantially enclosed purging-drying region containing the superheated condensable vapor of a liquid having an atmospheric pressure boiling point of less than 120.degree. C., thence immediately thereafter through a substantially enclosed, heat-transfer region containing the superheated condensable vapor of a fluorocarbon having a fluorine to carbon atom ratio of at least 1.5, a solubility parameter of not more than 6.5 and a molecular weight of at least about 300, the pressure in the heat transfer region being no greater than that in the purging-drying region, thence immediately thereafter through a substantially enclosed purging region containing dry steam, the pressure in the purging region being no less than that in the heat-transfer region, and thereafter recovering the band of material, said process characterized by efficient heat transfer resulting from rapid convective movement of superheated fluorocarbon in the heat-transfer region and by minimum loss of such vapor to the atmosphere.
摘要翻译： 用于将固体材料例如纺织品，薄膜，颗粒或任何成型或非成型制品的热量持续传递到移动带的方法，优选包含可分散染色的合成聚合物，例如聚酯或聚酰胺， 方法包括使带穿过包含大气压沸点小于120℃的液体的过热可冷凝蒸汽的基本封闭的清洗干燥区域，然后立即通过包含过热的 氟碳原子的比例至少为1.5，溶解度参数不超过6.5，分子量至少约为300的碳氟化合物的可冷凝蒸气，传热区域的压力不大于清洗时的压力 然后立即通过包含干蒸汽的基本封闭的清洗区域， 吹扫区域不小于传热区域中的清洗区域，然后回收材料带，所述方法的特征在于由于传热区域中过热碳氟化合物的快速对流运动而产生的有效的热传递，并且通过最小的这种蒸气损失 到大气。
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公开(公告)号：US3991481A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-16
申请号：US581570
申请日：1975-05-28
IPC分类号： B08B3/08 , B01D53/44 , B01D53/74 , C23G5/02 , D06B5/16 , D06B9/06 , D06F43/08 , F26B3/04 , F26B13/10 , F26B21/14 , F26B25/00
CPC分类号： D06B9/06 , F26B13/101 , F26B21/14 , F26B25/006 , F26B3/04 , Y02P70/641
摘要： Process for substantially quantitatively removing and recovering a volatile, organic, water-immiscible wetting liquid from a solid material which is wet therewith, which process comprises intimately contacting the solid material first with the superheated vapor of a water-immiscible, organic stripping liquid and thereafter with dry steam, said contacting taking place in an environment substantially free of noncondensable gas, condensing the mixture of organic vapor and steam to form a two-phase liquid mixture consisting of liquid organic phase and liquid water phase, and separating the liquid organic phase and the liquid water phase.
摘要翻译： 用于从固体材料基本上定量去除和回收挥发性，有机的，与水不混溶的润湿液体的方法，所述固体材料是湿的，所述方法包括使固体材料首先与水不混溶的有机汽提液体的过热蒸气紧密接触，此后 所述接触在基本上不含不凝气体的环境中进行，将有机蒸气和蒸汽的混合物冷凝，形成由液体有机相和液态水相组成的两相液体混合物，并将液体有机相和 液态水相。
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公开(公告)号：US4885416A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-05
申请号：US154421
申请日：1988-02-09
申请人： Frederick W. Mader
发明人： Frederick W. Mader
IPC分类号： C07C17/20
CPC分类号： C07C17/208
摘要： A continuous process for florinating haloalkanes containing at least one nonfluorine halogen atom wherein antimony pentachloride is reacted with HF to produce an antimony (V) chlorofluoride and HCl is removed. The antimony chlorofluoride thus produced is then transferred to a separate reaction zone where it is reacted with the haloalkane, thereby replacing a portion of the nonfluorine halogen in the haloalkane with fluorine of the antimony (V) chlorofluoride.
摘要翻译： 含有至少一种非氟卤素原子的卤代烷烃的连续方法，其中五氯化锑与HF反应生成锑（V）氯氟化物和HCl。 然后将如此制备的氯化锑转移到单独的反应区，在其中与卤代烷反应，从而用氟（Ⅴ）氯氟化物的氟代替卤代烷中的一部分非氟卤素。
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公开(公告)号：US4990702A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-05
申请号：US480605
申请日：1990-02-15
CPC分类号： C07C17/208
摘要： A process for halogen exchange fluorination by contacting a halocarbon having a replaceable halogen other than fluorine with CsF or RbF.multidot.nHF wherein n is 0.5-3 to provide a fluorinated hydrocarbon having at least one more fluorine than the starting halocarbon and, optionally, regenerating the MF.multidot.nHF with additional HF, or in a continuous process, with excess HF in the feed.
摘要翻译： 通过将具有氟以外的可替换的卤素的卤代烃与CsF或RbFxnHF接触来进行卤素交换氟化的方法，其中n为0.5-3，以提供具有比起始卤化碳至少多一个氟的氟化烃，并且任选地使MFxnHF与 额外的HF或连续过程中，饲料中含有过量的HF。
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公开(公告)号：US4952291A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-28
申请号：US446775
申请日：1989-12-06
CPC分类号： C07C45/85 , B01J19/126 , C07C45/79
摘要： An aldehyde in a mixture containing hemiacetals and hydrates of the aldehyde is purified by treating the mixture with an effective amount of microwave radiation to decompose the hemiacetals and hydrates. Liberated water and/or alcohol is immediately removed with an adsorbent.
摘要翻译： 通过用有效量的微波辐射处理混合物以分解半缩醛和水合物来纯化含有半缩醛和醛的水合物的混合物中的醛。 释放的水和/或醇立即用吸附剂除去。
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公开(公告)号：US4990701A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-05
申请号：US497067
申请日：1990-03-20
CPC分类号： C07C17/208
摘要： A process for halogen exchange fluorination by contacting a halocarbon having a replaceable halogen other than fluorine with KF.nHF wherein n is 0.5-3 to provide a fluorinated hydrocarbon having at least one more fluorine than the starting halocarbon and, optionally, regenerating the KF.nHF with additional HF, or in a continuous process, with excess HF in the feed.
摘要翻译： 通过将具有氟以外的可替换的卤素的卤代烃与KF.nHF接触进行卤素交换氟化的方法，其中n为0.5-3，以提供具有比起始卤化碳至少多一个氟的氟化烃，并且任选地再生KF。 具有额外HF的nHF，或连续过程中，饲料中含有过量的HF。
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