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公开(公告)号：US20080130819A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-05
申请号：US11606359
申请日：2006-11-30
IPC分类号： G21C9/00
CPC分类号： G21C13/02 , G21C19/02 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2002/202 , G21Y2002/304 , G21Y2004/40 , G21Y2004/504 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A surface conditioning scheduling process is used to mitigate susceptibility to crack initiation or crack growth in a boiling water nuclear reactor using a plurality of working crews. A plurality of working zones are defined in an annulus region of a reactor vessel flange, and a plurality working zones are defined in a core region of the reactor vessel. One of the working crews is positioned in each of the annulus region working zones, and one of the working crews is positioned in each of the core region working zones. The working crews perform surface conditioning in areas of the reactor vessel accessible from their respective working zones such that the surface conditioning process can be completed in no more than thirty days.
摘要翻译： 使用表面调节调度过程来减轻使用多个工作人员的沸水核反应堆中的裂纹发生或裂纹扩展的敏感性。 在反应堆容器法兰的环空区域中限定多个工作区域，并且多个工作区域被限定在反应堆容器的核心区域中。 其中一个工作人员位于每个环形区域工作区域中，其中一个工作组位于每个核心区域工作区域中。 工作人员在反应堆容器的各自工作区域进行表面处理，以使表面调节过程可以在不超过三十天内完成。
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公开(公告)号：US07164094B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-16
申请号：US10754548
申请日：2004-01-12
申请人： Henry Peter Offer
发明人： Henry Peter Offer
IPC分类号： B23K9/04
摘要： An apparatus and method arranged to use a combination of at least electrical resistance heating and mechanical friction heating to case a base material and/or a consumable material to reach a combination of temperature and pressure sufficient to cause welding. The method and apparatus configured for the simultaneous or substantially simultaneous application of both electrical resistance heating and friction heating to achieve welding is referred to as an electrofriction process, method or apparatus. This combination of resistance and friction heating allows the heating to be more localized within a relatively small weld zone, thereby improving the efficiency of the overall process and allowing the size, weight and strength and/or the cost of the application equipment and/or associated fixtures and power supplies to be reduced while enhancing its capability for operation in confined spaces and providing satisfactory welding performance.
摘要翻译： 一种设备和方法，其布置成使用至少电阻加热和机械摩擦加热的组合来使基材和/或消耗材料达到足以引起焊接的温度和压力的组合。 被配置为同时或基本上同时应用电阻加热和摩擦加热以实现焊接的方法和装置被称为电摩擦处理，方法或装置。 电阻和摩擦加热的这种组合允许加热更局限在相对较小的焊接区域内，从而提高整个过程的效率，并允许应用设备的尺寸，重量和强度和/或成本和/或相关联 减少固定装置和电源，同时提高其在密闭空间中的操作能力，并提供令人满意的焊接性能。
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3.发明授权Apparatus and method for repairing reactor vessel cladding using a seal plate 失效使用密封板修复反应堆容器包层的装置和方法公开(公告)号：US07076017B2
公开(公告)日：2006-07-11
申请号：US10641801
申请日：2003-08-15
IPC分类号： G21C13/00
CPC分类号： G21C17/01 , B23K31/02 , B23K2101/12 , B23P6/00 , G21C19/00 , G21C19/207 , Y10T29/49737 , Y10T29/49742 , Y10T137/0441 , Y10T137/0452
摘要： A seal plate for repairing damaged areas in a pressure vessel cladding includes a first side and an opposing second side and a sealing portion located on the second side, with the sealing portion circumscribing the seal plate. The seal plate also includes a seal lip extending from a periphery of the sealing portion and a cavity located in the second side, with the cavity circumscribed by the sealing portion. The seal plate further includes at least one purge port extending from the first side to the cavity. Each purge port is in fluid communication with the cavity.
摘要翻译： 用于修复压力容器包层中的损坏区域的密封板包括第一侧和相对的第二侧和位于第二侧上的密封部分，密封部分限定密封板。 密封板还包括从密封部分的周边延伸的密封唇缘和位于第二侧面的腔体，其中腔体被密封部分限定。 密封板还包括从第一侧延伸到空腔的至少一个吹扫端口。 每个吹扫口与空腔流体连通。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5977504A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-02
申请号：US896253
申请日：1997-07-17
CPC分类号： B23K9/1336 , B23K26/211
摘要： A guide nozzle for feeding multiple fusible filler metal wires into reduced-width, high-aspect-ratio (ratio of depth to width) metallic joints with control and stability of the filler metal position as it enters the molten pool area. The multiple filler wires are fed concurrently at the same or different feed rates. The guide nozzle is fabricated by flattening a circular tube into an oval or elliptical shape. In the case when the filler wires have the same diameter, the resulting oval or elliptical hole in the guide nozzle has a height greater than two times the diameter of the filler wires and a width greater than one diameter but less than two times the diameter of the filler wire. Alternatively, the guide nozzle is formed by forming a flat side on each of two circular tubes and then joining the flat sides together. Each tube has a circular hole of diameter greater than the diameter of the filler wire to be guided therein.
摘要翻译： 一种引导喷嘴，用于将多根易熔填充金属线材进入宽度较小，高纵横比（深度与宽度之比）的金属接头，并在填充金属位置进入熔池区域时具有控制和稳定性。 多个填料线以相同或不同的进料速率同时进料。 引导喷嘴通过将圆形管扁平成椭圆形或椭圆形来制造。 在填充线具有相同的直径的情况下，导向喷嘴中产生的椭圆形或椭圆形孔的高度大于填充线的直径的两倍，并且宽度大于一个直径但小于直径的两倍 填充线。 或者，引导喷嘴通过在两个圆形管中的每一个上形成平坦侧，然后将平坦侧面接合在一起而形成。 每个管具有直径大于待引导的填充线的直径的圆形孔。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5770273A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-23
申请号：US726908
申请日：1996-10-07
CPC分类号： C23C4/134
摘要： A durable coating process which provides improved adhesive bond strength between the coating and its substrate. This process utilizes spray parameters which generate a unique plasma coating that can be applied through a liquid environment between the spray gun nozzle and the substrate to provide combined ion cleaning, etching and activation of the surface to be coated. The improved surface conditioning allows the creation of an exceptionally strong metallurgical bond at the interface between the splattered droplets of the coating material and the substrate. The improved plasma coating process utilizes a relatively short nozzle-to-work surface distance and is therefore suitable for use directly in a liquid such as water in order to keep the substrate from overheating, which may be more likely to occur if the coating were applied in a gas or vacuum environment. The resulting plasma coating is characterized by high values of adhesive bond strength which are attributable to the high-strength metallurgical bond formed between the coating and substrate.
摘要翻译： 一种耐用的涂层工艺，其提供涂层和其基材之间改进的粘合剂粘结强度。 该方法利用喷射参数，其产生可以通过喷枪喷嘴和基底之间的液体环境施加的独特的等离子体涂层，以提供组合的离子清洗，蚀刻和活化待涂覆的表面。 改进的表面调节允许在涂层材料和基底的溅射液滴之间的界面处产生非常强的冶金结合。 改进的等离子体涂覆工艺利用相对较短的喷嘴与工件的表面距离，因此适合直接用于诸如水的液体中，以便保持基材不发生过热，如果涂覆涂层可能会更容易发生 在气体或真空环境中。 所得到的等离子涂层的特征在于粘合剂粘合强度高，这归因于涂层和基底之间形成的高强度冶金结合。
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6.发明授权Method for mitigating residual stresses in welded metal components using high torch travel speeds 失效使用高炬行进速度减轻焊接金属部件残余应力的方法
公开(公告)号：US5688419A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-18
申请号：US259805
申请日：1994-06-15
申请人： Henry Peter Offer
发明人： Henry Peter Offer
CPC分类号： C21D9/50 , B23K35/0205 , B23K35/0277 , B23K9/02 , B23K9/0213 , C21D1/00 , G21C13/02 , G21C13/087 , C21D2221/10 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2002/202 , G21Y2002/302 , G21Y2002/303 , G21Y2002/40 , G21Y2004/301 , G21Y2004/50 , G21Y2004/501 , Y02E30/40 , Y10T29/49352
摘要： A process for providing a significant improvement in the detrimental tensile residual stress condition on the root side of welds, especially on the inside wall of piping welds. The method uses a high welding torch travel speed (>10 inches/min), especially on the last one or two cap passes. The process relies on the limited thermal heat sink capability of the pipe wall and nearly completed weld joint itself to generate a significant through-wall temperature gradient, and therefore a sufficient through-wall stress gradient during the welding. This stress gradient results in metal plasticity and permanent strains, and therefore a reduction in the magnitude of the final residual stress or, preferably as conditions allow, a reversal in the direction of the stresses from tensile to compressive. The method can be used as a welding process or as a heat treatment. In the case of heat treatment, the far surface of the weld joint is heated without fusion of the material making up the far surface.
摘要翻译： 一种在焊缝根部，特别是管道焊缝内壁上的有害的拉伸残余应力条件的显着改进的方法。 该方法使用高焊枪行程速度（> 10英寸/分钟），特别是在最后一个或两个盖通道上。 该过程依赖于管壁的有限的热散热能力和几乎完成的焊接接头本身以产生显着的通过壁温度梯度，并且因此在焊接期间具有足够的穿墙应力梯度。 这种应力梯度导致金属塑性和永久变形，因此减小最终残余应力的大小，或者优选地条件允许从拉伸到压缩的应力方向的反转。 该方法可用作焊接工艺或作为热处理。 在热处理的情况下，焊接接头的远表面被加热而不会使构成远表面的材料熔化。
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7.发明授权Method and apparatus for joining metal components with mitigation of residual stresses 失效用于连接金属部件并减少残余应力的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5670072A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-23
申请号：US231614
申请日：1994-04-22
CPC分类号： G21C13/087 , B23K35/0205 , B23K35/0277 , B23K9/02 , B23K9/0213 , C21D1/00 , C21D9/50 , G21C13/02 , C21D2221/10 , G21Y2002/104 , G21Y2002/202 , G21Y2002/302 , G21Y2002/303 , G21Y2002/40 , G21Y2004/301 , G21Y2004/50 , G21Y2004/501 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A welding process and an apparatus used therein for providing a significant improvement in the detrimental tensile residual stress condition on the root side of welds, especially on the inside wall of piping welds. The method combines an extremely thin weld joint design with a non-circular cylindrical, thin welding electrode having an elongated cross-sectional shape. During welding, the elongated dimension is aligned parallel with the length of the weld joint. This combination enables joining of piping and other residual stress-sensitive components with both the initial weld joint preparation and the completed weld having a uniquely thin width and with a high aspect ratio of depth to width. Use of this high-aspect-ratio weld joint process substantially mitigates welding-induced residual stresses, without the normally required internal water cooling. The process is considered to be effective in mitigating residual stresses and the associated welding strains (distortion) in joints having any path shape, whether welded from one or more sides of the material.
摘要翻译： 一种焊接工艺及其中使用的设备，用于显着改善焊缝根部侧面的有害拉伸残余应力状况，特别是在管道焊缝的内壁上。 该方法结合了非常薄的焊接接头设计和具有细长横截面形状的非圆形圆柱形，细焊接电极。 在焊接期间，细长尺寸与焊接接头的长度平行排列。 这种组合使得管道和其他残余应力敏感部件能够与初始焊接接头准备物和完成的焊接件具有独特的薄宽度以及具有高深宽比的高宽比。 使用这种高纵横比的焊接接头工艺基本上减轻了焊接引起的残余应力，而没有通常需要的内部水冷却。 该过程被认为是有效地缓解在具有任何路径形状的接头中的残余应力和相关联的焊接应变（变形），无论是从材料的一侧还是多边焊接。
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公开(公告)号：US20090029631A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-29
申请号：US12149156
申请日：2008-04-28
CPC分类号： B24D13/10 , B24D13/145 , B24D13/20
摘要： Method and apparatus for surface conditioning a metal surface typically having irregular surface contours, by rubbing the metal surface with a surface conditioning device having a plurality of bristles which contact the metal surface during the rubbing and effect tensile stress reduction or degraded layer removal in the metal surface.
摘要翻译： 用于通过用具有多个刷毛的表面调节装置摩擦金属表面来表面调整金属表面的方法和装置，所述表面调节装置在摩擦期间与金属表面接触并且实现金属中的拉伸应力降低或降解层去除 表面。
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公开(公告)号：US06894251B2
公开(公告)日：2005-05-17
申请号：US10232417
申请日：2002-09-03
申请人： Henry Peter Offer
发明人： Henry Peter Offer
IPC分类号： B23K31/00 , B23K9/00 , B23K9/32 , B23K10/02 , B23K15/00 , B23K26/24 , B23K26/32 , B23K26/42 , B23K31/02 , C21D7/04 , C21D9/50
CPC分类号： C21D9/505 , B23K9/0026 , B23K9/0061 , B23K9/32 , B23K10/02 , B23K15/0006 , B23K15/0026 , B23K15/0046 , B23K26/24 , B23K26/32 , B23K26/702 , B23K31/02 , B23K2103/50 , C21D7/04
摘要： For stress-crack-sensitive materials, a weld pool is formed on a substrate. The weld pool is simultaneously plastically strained and cooled while the temperature of the hot metal weld pool lies substantially within a predetermined range in which hot cracking typically occurs. The hot metal is plastically strained and cooled until the temperature of the weld material is below the predetermined temperature range associated with hot cracking or until residual stresses in the weld are sufficiently low to preclude cracking in the completed weld.
摘要翻译： 对于应力敏感材料，在基板上形成焊池。 焊池同时塑性变形和冷却，而热金属熔池的温度基本上处于通常发生热裂纹的预定范围内。 热金属被塑性变形并冷却直到焊接材料的温度低于与热裂纹相关的预定温度范围或直到焊缝中的残余应力足够低以防止完成的焊缝中的开裂。
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公开(公告)号：US06191379B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-20
申请号：US09285662
申请日：1999-04-05
IPC分类号： B23K9167
CPC分类号： B23K9/1675 , B23K9/0213 , B23K9/0216 , B23K26/348
摘要： Two parts are welded together at a weld spot in a groove. A spot adjacent the weld spot is heated simultaneously and independently of the welding so that the heating and welding form a heat-treated weld bead along the groove. Preheat treatment, postheat treatment, or both, may be used simultaneously with welding to maximize performance of the resulting weld joint. Preheat and postheat treatment may be performed using lasers while the welding may be performed by TIG welding or laser welding. The welding torch and preheat and postheat lasers are coplanarly aligned.
摘要翻译： 两个部件在凹槽中的焊点处焊接在一起。 与焊点相邻的点与焊接同时且独立地加热，使得加热和焊接沿着凹槽形成热处理的焊道。 预热处理，后加热处理或两者都可以与焊接同时使用，以最大化所得到的焊接接头的性能。 可以使用激光器进行预热和后热处理，而焊接可以通过TIG焊接或激光焊接进行。 焊枪和预热和后加热激光器共面对准。
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