Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to multipurpose pliers including a pivot section (20), a handle section (30) connected to the pivot section (20) on one direction, and a pair of lever sections (10A, 10B) connected to the pivot section (20) on an opposite direction to the one direction, wherein the lever sections (10A, 10B) include a split ring insertion part (11), the split ring insertion part (11) includes a bottom support portion (11B) protruding in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal axis (L-axis) of the multipurpose pliers at an end of a direction facing away from the pivot section on one (10A) of the pair of lever sections, a tapered portion (11A) extending in the perpendicular direction from top of the bottom support portion (11B) and gradually narrowing to a tip, a convex forming portion (11C) formed on a side surface toward the pivot section of the tapered portion (11A) and the bottom support portion (11B), a concave forming portion (11 D) formed at an end of the other (10B) of the pair of lever sections to guide the convex forming portion (11C) on the side surface of the bottom support portion (11B) and the tapered portion (11A), and a split ring retaining portion (11E) formed in a concave shape on both side directions from the concave forming portion (11D), a size of an upper surface of the bottom support portion (11B) is larger than or equal to a size of a bottom surface of the tapered portion (11A), and a gap (210) between rings of a split ring (200) are opened using the tapered portion (11A).
Abstract:
Embodiments of the invention provide an interleaver design and header fields for ITU-T G.hnem. The header may comprise two parts that are separately encoded. A common header segment is encoded alone, and an embedded header segment is encoded with payload data. The interleaver operates on blocks having a size based upon a total number of input bits in an FEC codeword block, a total number of bits loaded on symbols that span a half mains cycle, or a maximum fragment size of 3072 bits. The blocks may be repeated before interleaving. Each block and its repetitions may be interleaved together, such as for header data, or each block and repetition may be interleaved separately, such as for payload data. Cyclic padding may be used on each block to create an integer number of symbols for transmission.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for designing, using, and/or implementing media access control (MAC) protocols with subbanding are described. In some embodiments, a method may include receiving a beacon packet during one of a plurality of beacon slots of a superframe, each beacon slot corresponding to one of a plurality of different downlink subbands. The method may also include identifying, based on the received beacon packet, contention access periods following the beacon slots, each of the contention access periods corresponding to one of a plurality of different uplink subbands. The method may further include transmitting an information packet over each of the plurality of uplink subbands during the contention access periods. Then, the method may include receiving, during a guaranteed time slot following the contention access periods, an indication of a selected one of the plurality of uplink subbands to be used in a subsequent communications.
Abstract:
A method of powerline communications including a first node and at least a second node on a PLC channel in a PLC network. The first node sends a physical layer (PHY) data frame on the PLC channel including a preamble, PHY header, a MAC header and a MAC payload. The PHY header includes a destination address field having a destination address therein. The second node receives the data frame. The second node compares its network address to the destination address before decoding the MAC header and MAC payload, providing power savings by allowing the second node to not decode the MAC header or MAC payload if its network address does not match the destination address in the PHY header of the data frame.
Abstract:
A method of powerline communications in a powerline communications (PLC) network including a first node and at least a second node. The first node transmits a data frame to the second node over a PLC channel. The second node has a data buffer for storing received information. The second node runs a flow control algorithm which determines a current congestion condition or a projected congestion condition of the data buffer based on at least one congestion parameter. The current congestion condition and projected congestion condition include nearly congested and fully congested. When the current or projected congestion condition is either nearly congested or fully congested, the second node transmits a BUSY including frame over the PLC channel to at least the first node. The first node defers transmitting of any frames to the second node for a congestion clearing wait time.