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1.发明授权Method for using conventional core data to calibrate bound water volumes derived from true vertical depth (TVD) indexing, in a borehole, of capillary pressure and NMR logs 失效使用常规核心数据来校准来自真空垂直深度（TVD）分度，在井眼中的毛细管压力和NMR日志的结合水体积的方法公开(公告)号：US06833699B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-21
申请号：US10252135
申请日：2002-09-19
IPC分类号： G01V300
CPC分类号： G01V3/32 , Y02A90/344
摘要： Disclosed are a method and system for developing customized bound water transformations to obtain accurate determinations of non-producible water from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logs. The approaches of this invention can be applied for in situ calibration where laboratory NMR measurements may not be possible or practical. In particular, a transformation model directly linking BVI and capillary pressure is developed by calibrating NMR derived BVI with the core data, the novel transformation model utilizes SBVI and/or CBVI models to directly relate NMR derived BVI and capillary pressure responses through the height of the measurement in a borehole. The derived height-based BVI transformation model is applied to the NMR log of the borehole to quantify non-producible water in the NMR log.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于开发定制的结合水转化以从核磁共振（NMR）测井精确测定不可生产水的方法和系统。 本发明的方法可以应用于实验室NMR测量可能不可行或实用的原位校准。 特别地，通过用核心数据校准NMR衍生的BVI，开发直接连接BVI和毛细管压力的转化模型，新型转化模型利用SBVI和/或CBVI模型直接将NMR衍生的BVI和毛细管压力响应通过 钻孔测量 将衍生的基于高度的BVI转换模型应用于钻孔的NMR对数以在NMR对数中定量不可生产的水。
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2.发明授权Method for determining formation characteristics with enhanced vertical resolution 失效用增强的垂直分辨率确定地层特征的方法
公开(公告)号：US4794792A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-03
申请号：US164367
申请日：1988-03-03
摘要： A method for determining a characteristic of a subsurface geological formation enhances the vertical resolution of dual-detector measurements by utilizing a continuous calibration factor which is obtained from an environmentally compensated characteristic derived from at least two resolution-matched sensor signals, and from a resolution-matched sensor signal from the near-detector of the tool.
摘要翻译： 用于确定地下地质地层特征的方法通过利用从由至少两个分辨率匹配传感器信号导出的环境补偿特性和从分辨率匹配传感器信号得到的连续校准因子来增强双检测器测量的垂直分辨率， 匹配传感器信号从工具的近检测器。
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3.发明授权Method and system for calculating extent of a formation treatment material in a formation 有权用于计算地层中地层处理材料的程度的方法和系统公开(公告)号：US08044342B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-25
申请号：US12397506
申请日：2009-03-04
IPC分类号： G01V5/10
CPC分类号： G01V5/101
摘要： A method and system for calculating extent of a formation treatment material in a formation. At least some of the illustrative embodiments are methods comprising releasing neutrons into a formation from a neutron source of a logging tool within a borehole having an axis, sensing energies of gammas produced by materials in the formation, the sensing by a gamma detector on the logging tool, generating a measured spectrum of the energies of the gammas sensed by the gamma detector, determining elemental concentrations of materials in the formation based on a basis spectrum, and calculating axial extent of a formation treatment material in the formation in relation to the axis of the borehole based on the elemental concentrations of at least some materials in the formation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于计算地层中地层处理材料的程度的方法和系统。 示例性实施例中的至少一些是包括从具有轴线的井眼内的测井工具的中子源将地层中子释放到地层中的方法，感测由地层中的材料产生的伽马的能量，伽马探测器在测井 产生由伽马检测器感测到的伽马的能量的测量光谱，基于基础光谱确定地层中材料的元素浓度，以及计算地层中的地层处理材料的轴向范围 基于地层中至少一些材料的元素浓度的钻孔。
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4.发明授权Method for determining formation characteristics with enhanced statistical precision without degrading the vertical resolution or with enhanced vertical resolution 失效用于在不降低垂直分辨率或增强垂直分辨率的情况下，增强统计精度来确定地层特征的方法
公开(公告)号：US4909075A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-20
申请号：US405396
申请日：1989-09-07
IPC分类号： G01V5/10
摘要： A method for determining a characteristic of a subsurface geological formation enhances the vertical resolution of dual-detector measurements by utilizing a continuous calibration factor which is obtained from an environmentally compensated characteristic derived from at least two resolution-matched sensor signals, and from a resolution-matched sensor signal from the near-detector of the tool. This method also can enhance the statistical precision of the characteristic without degrading the vertical resolution.
摘要翻译： 用于确定地下地质地层特征的方法通过利用从由至少两个分辨率匹配传感器信号导出的环境补偿特性和从分辨率匹配传感器信号得到的连续校准因子来增强双检测器测量的垂直分辨率， 匹配传感器信号从工具的近检测器。 该方法还可以提高特性的统计精度，而不会降低垂直分辨率。
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公开(公告)号：US09310514B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-12
申请号：US13810975
申请日：2010-08-24
申请人： James E. Galford
发明人： James E. Galford
CPC分类号： G01V5/101
摘要： Determining elemental content of an earth formation. At least some of the illustrative embodiments are methods including: irradiating a portion of a formation that surrounds a borehole; counting gammas to obtain a spectrum of counted gammas; finding a solution to a system of equations based on the spectrum of counted gammas, which system of equations has a plurality of solutions, the solution being indicative of a plurality of weight percentages for a respective plurality of elements within the formation; determining whether the solution meets a predetermined constraint; repeating the finding and determining until a solution is found that is determined to meet the predetermined constraint; and producing an indication of the elemental content of the formation using the solution that meets the predetermined constraint.
摘要翻译： 确定地层的元素含量。 示例性实施例中的至少一些是方法，包括：照射围绕钻孔的地层的一部分; 计数伽玛值以获得一系列计数的伽玛值; 基于计数的伽马的频谱找到方程组的解，该方程组具有多个解，所述解是指示地层内的相应多个元素的多个权重百分比; 确定所述解决方案是否满足预定约束; 重复发现并确定直到找到被确定为满足预定约束的解; 以及使用满足预定约束的解来产生地层的元素含量的指示。
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公开(公告)号：US08658968B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-25
申请号：US13120338
申请日：2009-07-31
申请人： James E. Galford
发明人： James E. Galford
CPC分类号： G01V5/101
摘要： A nuclear logging tool calibration system and method. At least some of the illustrative embodiments are methods including placing a logging tool proximate to a volume to be tested (the logging tool comprising a neutron source and a gamma detector), accumulating a spectrum of gammas by the gamma detector (the gammas created responsive to neutron irradiation of the volume by the neutron source), and then adjusting gain of a photomultiplier tube of the gamma detector. The adjusting is responsive to count rate in an overflow bin of the spectrum, where the overflow bin accumulates count rate of gammas received by the gamma detector that have energy above a predetermined energy.
摘要翻译： 核测井工具校准系统及方法。 示例性实施例中的至少一些是包括将测井工具放置在靠近要测试的体积（包括中子源和伽马检测器的测井工具）附近的方法，通过伽马检测器累积伽马射线（响应于 通过中子源对体积的中子辐射），然后调整γ检测器的光电倍增管的增益。 调节响应于频谱的溢出仓中的计数速率，其中溢出仓积累由伽马检测器接收的具有高于预定能量的能量的伽马值的计数率。
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7.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20100224773A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-09
申请号：US12397506
申请日：2009-03-04
IPC分类号： G01V5/10
CPC分类号： G01V5/101
摘要： A method and system for calculating extent of a formation treatment material in a formation. At least some of the illustrative embodiments are methods comprising releasing neutrons into a formation from a neutron source of a logging tool within a borehole having an axis, sensing energies of gammas produced by materials in the formation, the sensing by a gamma detector on the logging tool, generating a measured spectrum of the energies of the gammas sensed by the gamma detector, determining elemental concentrations of materials in the formation based on a basis spectrum, and calculating axial extent of a formation treatment material in the formation in relation to the axis of the borehole based on the elemental concentrations of at least some materials in the formation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于计算地层中地层处理材料的程度的方法和系统。 示例性实施例中的至少一些是包括从具有轴线的井眼内的测井工具的中子源将地层中子释放到地层中的方法，感测由地层中的材料产生的伽马的能量，伽马探测器在测井 产生由伽马检测器感测到的伽马的能量的测量光谱，基于基础光谱确定地层中材料的元素浓度，以及计算地层中的地层处理材料的轴向范围 基于地层中至少一些材料的元素浓度的钻孔。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07176682B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-13
申请号：US11029811
申请日：2005-01-04
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01V3/32 , G01N24/08 , G01N24/081 , G01N33/2823 , G01R33/448 , G01R33/56341
摘要： A method and system for estimating native hydrocarbons from oil-based drilling muds with the aid of NMR data. Adaptive echo stacking may be used to balance between precision and sensitivity to changes in the fluid composition. Apparent T2 decay time and effective diffusion constants derived from the NMR data may be transformed into an indication of native hydrocarbon type, using known diffusion constants, fuzzy logic, and neural networks.
摘要翻译： 借助NMR数据估算油基钻井泥浆中的天然烃的方法和系统。 自适应回波叠加可用于在精度和灵敏度之间平衡流体组成的变化。 可以使用已知的扩散常数，模糊逻辑和神经网络将来自NMR数据的表观T 2衰变时间和有效扩散常数转化为天然烃类型的指示。
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公开(公告)号：US5695621A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-09
申请号：US688907
申请日：1996-07-31
摘要： A resonating electroplating anode electrode for electroplating the inside surfaces of steam generator tubing. The resonating electroplating anode electrode is formed from a plurality of tubular ceramic resonating material pieces glued to the inside and/or to one end of an anode tube to create a single resonating volume. In operation, an electrolyte solution is fed to the outside of the electrode in an annulus formed between the steam generator tube and the anode and returns through a hollow center in the anode. During use, the resonating materials resonate within the electrolyte solution during the electroplating process, thus creating an ultrasound enhanced-electroplating process. As a result, the resonating electroplating anode electrode and the resulting process reduce the amount of time required for electroplating, increase the production rate, reduce the residual internal stress resulting from electroplating, improves ductility and reduce brittleness of electrode-deposited nickel, produce a less porous deposited plating layer which improves corrosion resistance, and improve the uniformity of the electroplating coating grains. The resulting plated generator tubing is of superior quality and extended durability relative to currently known techniques.
摘要翻译： 用于电镀蒸汽发生器管道内表面的共振电镀阳极。 共振电镀阳极由多个管状陶瓷谐振材料片形成，该多个管状陶瓷谐振材料片胶合到阳极管的内部和/或一端，以产生单个共振体积。 在操作中，电解质溶液在形成于蒸汽发生器管和阳极之间的环形空间中被供给到电极的外部，并通过阳极中的中空返回。 在使用过程中，共振材料在电镀过程中在电解质溶液中共振，从而产生超声增强电镀工艺。 结果，共振电镀阳极电极和所得到的工艺减少了电镀所需的时间，提高了生产率，减少了由于电镀导致的残余内部应力，提高了延展性，并降低了电极沉积镍的脆性，产生了较少的 多孔沉积镀层，其提高耐腐蚀性，并提高电镀涂层颗粒的均匀性。 所得到的电镀发生器管道相对于目前已知的技术具有优异的质量和延长的耐久性。
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10.发明授权Logging method and apparatus for correcting natural gamma ray measurements for borehole fluid effects by calculating a borehole correction factor and applying the correction factor to calculated elemental yields 失效记录方法和装置，用于通过计算钻孔校正因子并将校正因子应用于计算的元素产量来校正井眼流体效应的自然伽马射线测量
公开(公告)号：US5120955A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-09
申请号：US711476
申请日：1991-06-06
申请人： James E. Galford
发明人： James E. Galford
IPC分类号： G01V5/06
CPC分类号： G01V5/06
摘要： A method and apparatus for determining the presence of at least one naturally radioactive element in an earth formation surrounding a borehole, wherein, for each depth in the borehole, a spectrum is made of the gamma rays detected in several energy channels, and expressed as U=S Y, where "Y" is the elemental yields and "S" is a composite spectra matrix made of individual standard spectra characteristic of a given borehole environment; yields Y are then calculated. One thus determines a borehole correction factor from the general relationship between the borehole parameters, the standard spectra and the measured spectra. Finally, the yields are corrected for borehole effects by applying the correction factor.The correction factor is energy independent, at least for energies above a given threshold, and is also independent from the radioactive elements.
摘要翻译： 一种用于确定围绕钻孔的地层中至少一种天然放射性元素的存在的方法和装置，其中，对于钻孔中的每个深度，光谱由在几个能量通道中检测到的伽马射线制成，并表示为U = SY，其中“Y”是元素产量，“S”是由给定井眼环境的特征的单个标准光谱制成的复合光谱矩阵; 然后计算出产量Y。 因此，根据井眼参数，标准光谱和测量光谱之间的一般关系确定钻孔校正因子。 最后，通过应用校正因子来校正钻孔效应的产量。 校正因子与能量无关，至少对于高于给定阈值的能量，并且也与放射性元素无关。
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