公开(公告)号：US08942382B2

公开(公告)日：2015-01-27

申请号：US13426761

申请日：2012-03-22

申请人： Gary W. Elko ,  Tomas F. Gaensler ,  Eric J. Diethorn ,  Jens M. Meyer

发明人： Gary W. Elko ,  Tomas F. Gaensler ,  Eric J. Diethorn ,  Jens M. Meyer

IPC分类号： H04B3/20 ,  H04M9/08

CPC分类号： H04M9/082

摘要： Near-end equipment for a communication channel with far-end equipment. The near-end equipment includes at least one loudspeaker, at least two microphones, a beamformer, and an echo canceller. The communication channel may be in one of a number of communication states including Near-End Only state, Far-End Only state, and Double-Talk state. In one embodiment, when the echo canceller determines that the communication channel is in either the Far-End Only state or the Double-Talk state, the beamformer is configured to generate a nearfield beampattern signal that directs a null towards a loudspeaker. When the echo canceller detects the Near-End Only state, the beamformer is configured to generate a farfield beampattern signal that optimizes reception of acoustic signals from the near-end audio source. Using different beamformer processing for different communication states allows echo cancellation processing to be more successful at reducing echo in the signal transmitted to the far-end equipment.

摘要翻译： 近端设备用于具有远端设备的通信通道。 近端设备包括至少一个扬声器，至少两个麦克风，波束形成器和回波消除器。 通信信道可以处于包括近端仅状态，远端仅状态和双向通信状态的多个通信状态之一。 在一个实施例中，当回声消除器确定通信信道处于远端唯一状态或双向通信状态时，波束形成器被配置为生成将空值指向扬声器的近场波形图信号。 当回波消除器检测到仅近端状态时，波束形成器被配置为生成远场波形图信号，其优化来自近端音频源的声信号的接收。 对于不同的通信状态使用不同的波束形成器处理允许回波消除处理在减少发送到远端设备的信号中的回波方面更成功。

公开(公告)号：US20130010982A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-10

申请号：US13596563

申请日：2012-08-28

申请人： Gary W. Elko ,  Jens M. Meyer ,  Tomas Fritz Gaensler

发明人： Gary W. Elko ,  Jens M. Meyer ,  Tomas Fritz Gaensler

IPC分类号： H04B15/00

CPC分类号： H04R1/326 ,  G10L21/0216 ,  G10L21/0264 ,  G10L2021/02166 ,  H04R3/005 ,  H04R3/04 ,  H04R25/407 ,  H04R2410/01 ,  H04R2410/07 ,  H04R2430/20 ,  H04R2430/21 ,  H04R2430/23

摘要： In one embodiment, a directional microphone array having (at least) two microphones generates forward and backward cardioid signals from two (e.g., omnidirectional) microphone signals. An adaptation factor is applied to the backward cardioid signal, and the resulting adjusted backward cardioid signal is subtracted from the forward cardioid signal to generate a (first-order) output audio signal corresponding to a beampattern having no nulls for negative values of the adaptation factor. After low-pass filtering, spatial noise suppression can be applied to the output audio signal. Microphone arrays having one (or more) additional microphones can be designed to generate second- (or higher-) order output audio signals.

公开(公告)号：US20120243698A1

公开(公告)日：2012-09-27

申请号：US13426761

申请日：2012-03-22

申请人： Gary W. Elko ,  Tomas F. Gaensler ,  Eric J. Diethorn ,  Jens M. Meyer

发明人： Gary W. Elko ,  Tomas F. Gaensler ,  Eric J. Diethorn ,  Jens M. Meyer

IPC分类号： H04B3/20

CPC分类号： H04M9/082

摘要： Near-end equipment for a communication channel with far-end equipment. The near-end equipment includes at least one loudspeaker, at least two microphones, a beamformer, and an echo canceller. The communication channel may be in one of a number of communication states including Near-End Only state, Far-End Only state, and Double-Talk state. In one embodiment, when the echo canceller determines that the communication channel is in either the Far-End Only state or the Double-Talk state, the beamformer is configured to generate a nearfield beampattern signal that directs a null towards a loudspeaker. When the echo canceller detects the Near-End Only state, the beamformer is configured to generate a farfield beampattern signal that optimizes reception of acoustic signals from the near-end audio source. Using different beamformer processing for different communication states allows echo cancellation processing to be more successful at reducing echo in the signal transmitted to the far-end equipment.

摘要翻译： 近端设备用于具有远端设备的通信通道。 近端设备包括至少一个扬声器，至少两个麦克风，波束形成器和回波消除器。 通信信道可以处于包括近端仅状态，远端仅状态和双向通信状态的多个通信状态之一。 在一个实施例中，当回声消除器确定通信信道处于远端唯一状态或双向通信状态时，波束形成器被配置为生成将空值指向扬声器的近场波形图信号。 当回波消除器检测到仅近端状态时，波束形成器被配置为生成远场波形图信号，其优化来自近端音频源的声信号的接收。 对于不同的通信状态使用不同的波束形成器处理允许回波消除处理在减少发送到远端设备的信号中的回波方面更成功。

公开(公告)号：US08433075B2

公开(公告)日：2013-04-30

申请号：US12501741

申请日：2009-07-13

申请人： Gary W. Elko ,  Robert A. Kubli ,  Jens M. Meyer

发明人： Gary W. Elko ,  Robert A. Kubli ,  Jens M. Meyer

IPC分类号： H04R3/00 ,  G06F17/00

CPC分类号： H04R5/027 ,  H04R3/005 ,  H04R2201/401 ,  H04S3/00 ,  H04S2400/15

摘要： A microphone array-based audio system that supports representations of auditory scenes using second-order (or higher) harmonic expansions based on the audio signals generated by the microphone array. In one embodiment, a plurality of audio sensors are mounted on the surface of an acoustically rigid sphere. The number and location of the audio sensors on the sphere are designed to enable the audio signals generated by those sensors to be decomposed into a set of eigenbeams having at least one eigenbeam of order two (or higher). Beamforming (e.g., steering, weighting, and summing) can then be applied to the resulting eigenbeam outputs to generate one or more channels of audio signals that can be utilized to accurately render an auditory scene. Alternative embodiments include using shapes other than spheres, using acoustically soft spheres and/or positioning audio sensors in two or more concentric patterns.

公开(公告)号：US20100202628A1

公开(公告)日：2010-08-12

申请号：US12595082

申请日：2008-07-09

申请人： Jens M. Meyer ,  Gary W. Elko

发明人： Jens M. Meyer ,  Gary W. Elko

IPC分类号： H04R3/00

CPC分类号： H04R3/005 ,  H04R1/406 ,  H04R2201/401 ,  H04R2201/405 ,  H04R2410/01 ,  H04R2430/20

摘要： In one embodiment, an audio system has a microphone array and a signal processing subsystem that processes audio signals generated by the microphone array to produce an output beampattem. The microphone array has (i) a plurality microphones arranged in a circular portion and (ii) a center microphone. The signal processing subsystem has (1) a decomposer that spatially decomposes the microphone audio signals to generate a plurality of eigenbeams and (2) a heamformer that generates the output beampattern as a weighted sum of the eigenbeams. By adding the center microphone, the audio system is able to provide some degree of control over the beamforming in the vertical direction as well as provide reduction of modal aliasin.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，音频系统具有麦克风阵列和处理由麦克风阵列产生的音频信号以产生输出波段的信号处理子系统。 麦克风阵列具有（i）布置成圆形部分的多个麦克风和（ii）中心麦克风。 信号处理子系统具有（1）分解器，其空间分解麦克风音频信号以产生多个本征波束;以及（2）生成输出波形图以作为本征波束的加权和的反射成像器。 通过添加中心麦克风，音频系统能够在垂直方向上提供对波束成形的一定程度的控制，并且可以减少模态别名。

公开(公告)号：US07587054B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-08

申请号：US10500938

申请日：2003-01-10

申请人： Gary W. Elko ,  Robert A. Kubli ,  Jens M. Meyer

发明人： Gary W. Elko ,  Robert A. Kubli ,  Jens M. Meyer

IPC分类号： H04R3/00 ,  G06F17/00

CPC分类号： H04R5/027 ,  H04R3/005 ,  H04R2201/401 ,  H04S3/00 ,  H04S2400/15

摘要： A microphone array-based audio system that supports representations of auditory scenes using second-order (or higher) harmonic expansions based on the audio signals generated by the microphone array. In one embodiment, a plurality of audio sensors are mounted on the surface of an acoustically rigid sphere. The number and location of the audio sensors on the sphere are designed to enable the audio signals generated by those sensors to be decomposed into a set of eigenbeams having at least one eigenbeam of order two (or higher). Beamforming (e.g., steering, weighting, and summing) can then be applied to the resulting eigenbeam outputs to generate one or more channels of audio signals that can be utilized to accurately render an auditory scene. Alternative embodiments include using shapes other than spheres, using acoustically soft spheres and/or positioning audio sensors in two or more concentric patterns.

摘要翻译： 基于麦克风阵列的音频系统，其基于由麦克风阵列产生的音频信号，支持使用二阶（或更高）谐波扩展的听觉场景的表示。 在一个实施例中，多个音频传感器安装在声学刚性球体的表面上。 球体上的音频传感器的数量和位置被设计成使得由这些传感器产生的音频信号能够分解成具有至少一个二阶（或更高）的本征光束的一组本征束。 然后可以将波束形成（例如，导向，加权和求和）应用于所产生的本征波束输出以产生可用于准确地渲染听觉场景的一个或多个音频信号通道。 替代实施例包括使用球形以外的形状，使用声软球和/或以两个或多个同心图案定位音频传感器。

公开(公告)号：US08903106B2

公开(公告)日：2014-12-02

申请号：US12595082

申请日：2008-07-09

申请人： Jens M. Meyer ,  Gary W. Elko

发明人： Jens M. Meyer ,  Gary W. Elko

IPC分类号： H04R3/00 ,  H04R1/40

CPC分类号： H04R3/005 ,  H04R1/406 ,  H04R2201/401 ,  H04R2201/405 ,  H04R2410/01 ,  H04R2430/20

摘要： In one embodiment, an audio system has a microphone array and a signal processing subsystem that processes audio signals generated by the microphone array to produce an output beampattern. The microphone array has (i) a plurality microphones arranged in a circular portion and (ii) a center microphone. The signal processing subsystem has (1) a decomposer that spatially decomposes the microphone audio signals to generate a plurality of eigenbeams and (2) a beamformer that generates the output beampattern as a weighted sum of the eigenbeams. By adding the center microphone, the audio system is able to provide some degree of control over the beamforming in the vertical direction as well as provide reduction of modal aliasin.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，音频系统具有麦克风阵列和处理由麦克风阵列产生的音频信号以产生输出波形图的信号处理子系统。 麦克风阵列具有（i）布置在圆形部分中的多个麦克风和（ii）中心麦克风。 信号处理子系统具有（1）分解器，其空间分解麦克风音频信号以产生多个本征波束;以及（2）波束形成器，其生成作为本征波束的加权和的输出波形图。 通过添加中心麦克风，音频系统能够在垂直方向上提供对波束成形的一定程度的控制，并且可以减少模态别名。

公开(公告)号：US20100008517A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-14

申请号：US12501741

申请日：2009-07-13

申请人： Gary W. Elko ,  Robert A. Kubli ,  Jens M. Meyer

发明人： Gary W. Elko ,  Robert A. Kubli ,  Jens M. Meyer

IPC分类号： H04R3/00

CPC分类号： H04R5/027 ,  H04R3/005 ,  H04R2201/401 ,  H04S3/00 ,  H04S2400/15

摘要： A microphone array-based audio system that supports representations of auditory scenes using second-order (or higher) harmonic expansions based on the audio signals generated by the microphone array. In one embodiment, a plurality of audio sensors are mounted on the surface of an acoustically rigid sphere. The number and location of the audio sensors on the sphere are designed to enable the audio signals generated by those sensors to be decomposed into a set of eigenbeams having at least one eigenbeam of order two (or higher). Beamforming (e.g., steering, weighting, and summing) can then be applied to the resulting eigenbeam outputs to generate one or more channels of audio signals that can be utilized to accurately render an auditory scene. Alternative embodiments include using shapes other than spheres, using acoustically soft spheres and/or positioning audio sensors in two or more concentric patterns.

摘要翻译： 基于麦克风阵列的音频系统，其基于由麦克风阵列产生的音频信号，支持使用二阶（或更高）谐波扩展的听觉场景的表示。 在一个实施例中，多个音频传感器安装在声学刚性球体的表面上。 球体上的音频传感器的数量和位置被设计成使得由这些传感器产生的音频信号能够分解成具有至少一个二阶（或更高）的本征光束的一组本征束。 然后可以将波束形成（例如，导向，加权和求和）应用于所产生的本征波束输出以产生可用于准确地渲染听觉场景的一个或多个音频信号通道。 替代实施例包括使用球形以外的形状，使用声软球和/或以两个或多个同心图案定位音频传感器。

公开(公告)号：US20080247565A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-09

申请号：US11817033

申请日：2006-03-06

申请人： Gary W. Elko ,  Jens M. Meyer

发明人： Gary W. Elko ,  Jens M. Meyer

IPC分类号： H04R3/00

CPC分类号： H04R3/005 ,  H04S3/002

摘要： An audio system generates position-independent auditory scenes using harmonic expansions based on the audio signals generated by a microphone array. In one embodiment, a plurality of audio sensors are mounted on the surface of a sphere. The number and location of the audio sensors on the sphere are designed to enable the audio signals generated by those sensors to be decomposed into a set of eigenbeam outputs. Compensation data corresponding to at least one of the estimated distance and the estimated orientation of the sound source relative to the array are generated from eigenbeam outputs and used to generate an auditory scene. Compensation based on estimated orientation involves steering a beam formed from the eigenbeam outputs in the estimated direction of the sound source to increase direction independence, while compensation based on estimated distance involves frequency compensation of the steered beam to increase distance independence.

摘要翻译： 音频系统基于由麦克风阵列产生的音频信号，使用谐波扩展产生与位置无关的听觉场景。 在一个实施例中，多个音频传感器安装在球体的表面上。 球体上的音频传感器的数量和位置被设计成使得由这些传感器产生的音频信号能够被分解成一组本征光束输出。 相对于声源相对于阵列的估计距离和估计取向中的至少一个的补偿数据从本征波束输出产生并用于产生听觉场景。 基于估计取向的补偿涉及到在声源的估计方向上由本征光束输出形成的光束来导向，以增加方向独立性，而基于估计距离的补偿涉及转向光束的频率补偿以增加距离独立性。

公开(公告)号：US08942387B2

公开(公告)日：2015-01-27

申请号：US12281447

申请日：2007-03-09

申请人： Gary W. Elko ,  Jens M. Meyer ,  Tomas Fritz Gaensler

发明人： Gary W. Elko ,  Jens M. Meyer ,  Tomas Fritz Gaensler

IPC分类号： H04B15/00 ,  H04R3/00 ,  H04R25/00 ,  G10L21/0216

CPC分类号： H04R1/326 ,  G10L21/0216 ,  G10L21/0264 ,  G10L2021/02166 ,  H04R3/005 ,  H04R3/04 ,  H04R25/407 ,  H04R2410/01 ,  H04R2410/07 ,  H04R2430/20 ,  H04R2430/21 ,  H04R2430/23

摘要： In one embodiment, a directional microphone array having (at least) two microphones generates forward and backward cardioid signals from two (e.g., omnidirectional) microphone signals. An adaptation factor is applied to the backward cardioid signal, and the resulting adjusted backward cardioid signal is subtracted from the forward cardioid signal to generate a (first-order) output audio signal corresponding to a beampattern having no nulls for negative values of the adaptation factor. After low-pass filtering, spatial noise suppression can be applied to the output audio signal. Microphone arrays having one (or more) additional microphones can be designed to generate second- (or higher-) order output audio signals.

摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，具有（至少）两个麦克风的定向麦克风阵列产生来自两个（例如全向）麦克风信号的前向和后向心形信号。 将适应因子应用于后向心形信号，并且从前向心形信号中减去所得到的调整的后向心形信号，以产生对应于对于自适应因子的负值而不具有空值的波形图案的（一阶）输出音频信号 。 在低通滤波后，可以对输出音频信号应用空间噪声抑制。 具有一个（或多个）附加麦克风的麦克风阵列可被设计成产生第二（或更高）级的输出音频信号。