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公开(公告)号：US4555598A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-26
申请号：US534204
申请日：1983-09-21
申请人： James L. Flanagan , Robert A. Kubli
发明人： James L. Flanagan , Robert A. Kubli
CPC分类号： H04R1/342
摘要： A directional acoustic transducer includes a plurality of acoustic paths each having first and second ends. The second end of each path terminates in the atmosphere. An electroacoustic device is attached to an acoustic cavity and the acoustic path first ends are coupled to the said acoustic cavity through an acoustic arrangement adapted to produce a predetermined transducer directional response pattern.
摘要翻译： 定向声换能器包括多个声道，每个声道具有第一和第二端。 每条路径的第二端在大气中终止。 电声装置附接到声腔，并且声路径第一端通过适于产生预定换能器定向响应图案的声学装置耦合到所述声腔。
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公开(公告)号：US08433075B2
公开(公告)日：2013-04-30
申请号：US12501741
申请日：2009-07-13
申请人： Gary W. Elko , Robert A. Kubli , Jens M. Meyer
发明人： Gary W. Elko , Robert A. Kubli , Jens M. Meyer
CPC分类号： H04R5/027 , H04R3/005 , H04R2201/401 , H04S3/00 , H04S2400/15
摘要： A microphone array-based audio system that supports representations of auditory scenes using second-order (or higher) harmonic expansions based on the audio signals generated by the microphone array. In one embodiment, a plurality of audio sensors are mounted on the surface of an acoustically rigid sphere. The number and location of the audio sensors on the sphere are designed to enable the audio signals generated by those sensors to be decomposed into a set of eigenbeams having at least one eigenbeam of order two (or higher). Beamforming (e.g., steering, weighting, and summing) can then be applied to the resulting eigenbeam outputs to generate one or more channels of audio signals that can be utilized to accurately render an auditory scene. Alternative embodiments include using shapes other than spheres, using acoustically soft spheres and/or positioning audio sensors in two or more concentric patterns.
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公开(公告)号：US07587054B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-08
申请号：US10500938
申请日：2003-01-10
申请人： Gary W. Elko , Robert A. Kubli , Jens M. Meyer
发明人： Gary W. Elko , Robert A. Kubli , Jens M. Meyer
CPC分类号： H04R5/027 , H04R3/005 , H04R2201/401 , H04S3/00 , H04S2400/15
摘要： A microphone array-based audio system that supports representations of auditory scenes using second-order (or higher) harmonic expansions based on the audio signals generated by the microphone array. In one embodiment, a plurality of audio sensors are mounted on the surface of an acoustically rigid sphere. The number and location of the audio sensors on the sphere are designed to enable the audio signals generated by those sensors to be decomposed into a set of eigenbeams having at least one eigenbeam of order two (or higher). Beamforming (e.g., steering, weighting, and summing) can then be applied to the resulting eigenbeam outputs to generate one or more channels of audio signals that can be utilized to accurately render an auditory scene. Alternative embodiments include using shapes other than spheres, using acoustically soft spheres and/or positioning audio sensors in two or more concentric patterns.
摘要翻译： 基于麦克风阵列的音频系统，其基于由麦克风阵列产生的音频信号，支持使用二阶（或更高）谐波扩展的听觉场景的表示。 在一个实施例中，多个音频传感器安装在声学刚性球体的表面上。 球体上的音频传感器的数量和位置被设计成使得由这些传感器产生的音频信号能够分解成具有至少一个二阶（或更高）的本征光束的一组本征束。 然后可以将波束形成（例如，导向，加权和求和）应用于所产生的本征波束输出以产生可用于准确地渲染听觉场景的一个或多个音频信号通道。 替代实施例包括使用球形以外的形状，使用声软球和/或以两个或多个同心图案定位音频传感器。
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公开(公告)号：US20100008517A1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-14
申请号：US12501741
申请日：2009-07-13
申请人： Gary W. Elko , Robert A. Kubli , Jens M. Meyer
发明人： Gary W. Elko , Robert A. Kubli , Jens M. Meyer
IPC分类号： H04R3/00
CPC分类号： H04R5/027 , H04R3/005 , H04R2201/401 , H04S3/00 , H04S2400/15
摘要： A microphone array-based audio system that supports representations of auditory scenes using second-order (or higher) harmonic expansions based on the audio signals generated by the microphone array. In one embodiment, a plurality of audio sensors are mounted on the surface of an acoustically rigid sphere. The number and location of the audio sensors on the sphere are designed to enable the audio signals generated by those sensors to be decomposed into a set of eigenbeams having at least one eigenbeam of order two (or higher). Beamforming (e.g., steering, weighting, and summing) can then be applied to the resulting eigenbeam outputs to generate one or more channels of audio signals that can be utilized to accurately render an auditory scene. Alternative embodiments include using shapes other than spheres, using acoustically soft spheres and/or positioning audio sensors in two or more concentric patterns.
摘要翻译： 基于麦克风阵列的音频系统，其基于由麦克风阵列产生的音频信号，支持使用二阶（或更高）谐波扩展的听觉场景的表示。 在一个实施例中，多个音频传感器安装在声学刚性球体的表面上。 球体上的音频传感器的数量和位置被设计成使得由这些传感器产生的音频信号能够分解成具有至少一个二阶（或更高）的本征光束的一组本征束。 然后可以将波束形成（例如，导向，加权和求和）应用于所产生的本征波束输出以产生可用于准确地渲染听觉场景的一个或多个音频信号通道。 替代实施例包括使用球形以外的形状，使用声软球和/或以两个或多个同心图案定位音频传感器。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5636287A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-03
申请号：US346659
申请日：1994-11-30
申请人： Robert A. Kubli , Daniel A. Quinlan
发明人： Robert A. Kubli , Daniel A. Quinlan
CPC分类号： G10K11/1788 , F04D29/663 , F24F13/24 , F24F2013/247 , G10K2210/109 , G10K2210/121 , G10K2210/3027 , G10K2210/3212 , G10K2210/503
摘要： Method and apparatus for the active cancellation of broad band noise and/or single frequency tones emanating from rotating machinery, such as an air moving device, by detecting related mechanical and acoustic signals therein and causing canceling vibrations to be applied directly to the rotating machinery by a transducer.
摘要翻译： 通过检测其中的相关的机械和声学信号并使得消除振动直接施加到旋转机械的方式和装置，用于主动消除由诸如空气移动装置的旋转机械产生的旋转机械的宽带噪声和/或单频调音， 传感器。
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公开(公告)号：US5388163A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-07
申请号：US812774
申请日：1991-12-23
CPC分类号： B06B1/0292 , H04R1/406 , H04R19/016
摘要： An electret transducer array and fabrication technique are disclosed. The array comprises a foil having a layer of insulating material and a layer of metal in contact therewith. The layer of metal comprises one or more discrete areas of metal which define the active areas of one or more transducers in the array. Electrical leads are coupled to the discrete areas of metal. By means of these leads, electrical signals produced by each transducer in response to incident acoustic signals may be accessed. The areas of metal may be formed by selectively removing metal from the foil, or by selective metal deposition. The layer of insulating material is electrostatically charged. The electret transducer array further comprises a porous backplate of sintered metal. The backplate further comprises a rough surface in contact with the layer of insulating material. The backplate serves as a common electrode for transducers of the array. A second backplate is provided positioned adjacent to the metal layer of the foil forming an air gap therewith. The second backplate provides, among other things, shielding from stray electromagnetic fields.
摘要翻译： 公开了驻极体换能器阵列和制造技术。 阵列包括具有绝缘材料层和与其接触的金属层的箔。 金属层包括一个或多个分离的金属区域，其限定阵列中的一个或多个换能器的有源区域。 电引线耦合到金属的离散区域。 通过这些引线，可以访问由每个换能器响应于入射声信号产生的电信号。 金属的区域可以通过从箔中选择性地除去金属或通过选择性金属沉积来形成。 绝缘材料层被静电充电。 驻极体换能器阵列还包括烧结金属的多孔背板。 背板还包括与绝缘材料层接触的粗糙表面。 背板用作阵列换能器的公共电极。 第二背板被设置在与箔的金属层相邻的位置处，与其形成气隙。 除了别的以外，第二个背板提供屏蔽电磁场。
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公开(公告)号：US5303307A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-12
申请号：US35551
申请日：1993-03-23
申请人： Gary W. Elko , Robert A. Kubli , Dennis R. Morgan , James E. West
发明人： Gary W. Elko , Robert A. Kubli , Dennis R. Morgan , James E. West
摘要： A method and apparatus for providing a differential microphone with a desired frequency response are disclosed. The desired frequency response is provided by operation of a filter, having an adjustable frequency response, coupled to the microphone. The frequency response of the filter is set by operation of a controller, also coupled to the microphone, based on signals received from the microphone. The desired frequency response may be determined based upon the distance between the microphone and a source of sound, and may comprise both a relative frequency response and absolute output level. The frequency response of the filter may comprise the substantial inverse of the frequency response of the microphone to provide a flat response. Furthermore, the filter may comprise a Butterworth filter.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于提供具有所需频率响应的差分麦克风的方法和装置。 期望的频率响应由耦合到麦克风的具有可调频率响应的滤波器的操作提供。 基于从麦克风接收的信号，通过控制器的操作来设置滤波器的频率响应，该控制器也耦合到麦克风。 可以基于麦克风和声源之间的距离来确定期望的频率响应，并且可以包括相对频率响应和绝对输出电平。 滤波器的频率响应可以包括麦克风的频率响应的实质逆向以提供平坦响应。 此外，滤波器可以包括巴特沃斯滤波器。
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公开(公告)号：US4965775A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-23
申请号：US354535
申请日：1989-05-19
CPC分类号： H04R1/406 , H04R1/326 , H04R1/38 , H04R2499/13
摘要： Second-order gradient (SOG) toroidal and unidirectional microphones derived using a first-order gradient sensor (FOG) and a reflecting plane are described. The FOG is positioned with its axis illustratively orthogonal to and suspended a few centimeters from a large acoustically reflecting surface. The resulting sensor image is phase reversed resulting in a transducer that is a linear quadrupole. The linear quadrupole can be described by two dimensions, the distance corresponding to the FOG's dipole distance and twice the distance from the reflecting plane. If the reflecting surface is large enough or if the wall of an enclosure is used, the resulting microphone becomes a SOG unidirectional microphone. The perfect match between the sensor and its image from a good acoustic reflector results in an ideal SOG microphone with 3 dB beam width of .+-.33.degree. and no grating lobes below about 3 kHz for a spacing from the reflecting plane of about 2.5 cm. A wall-mounted toroid can be formed by using two FOGs at right angles to each other and with the axis of each sensor at 45.degree. to the reflecting surface and a spacing between transducers that is twice the height of the transducers from the reflecting plane. A table-mounted toroid can be realized by properly combining a filtered version of a suspended FOG and an omnidirectional sensor flush mounted to the reflecting table-top. Other arrays of image-derived directional sensors are applied to hands-free telephoning and other noise and reverberation-reducing arrangements.
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公开(公告)号：US5586191A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-17
申请号：US226139
申请日：1994-04-11
申请人： Gary W. Elko , Robert A. Kubli , Dennis R. Morgan , James E. West
发明人： Gary W. Elko , Robert A. Kubli , Dennis R. Morgan , James E. West
摘要： A method and apparatus for providing a differential microphone with a desired frequency response are disclosed. The desired frequency response is provided by operation of a filter, having an adjustable frequency response, coupled to the microphone. The frequency response of the filter is set by operation of a controller, also coupled to the microphone, based on signals received from the microphone. The desired frequency response may be determined based upon the distance between the microphone and a source of sound, and may comprise both a relative frequency response and absolute output level. The frequency response of the filter may comprise the substantial inverse of the frequency response of the microphone to provide a flat response. Furthermore, the filter may comprise a Butterworth filter.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于提供具有所需频率响应的差分麦克风的方法和装置。 期望的频率响应由耦合到麦克风的具有可调频率响应的滤波器的操作提供。 基于从麦克风接收的信号，通过控制器的操作来设置滤波器的频率响应，该控制器也耦合到麦克风。 可以基于麦克风和声源之间的距离来确定期望的频率响应，并且可以包括相对频率响应和绝对输出电平。 滤波器的频率响应可以包括麦克风的频率响应的实质逆向以提供平坦响应。 此外，滤波器可以包括巴特沃斯滤波器。
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公开(公告)号：US4598590A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-08
申请号：US651043
申请日：1984-09-14
CPC分类号： G01L9/0072 , A61B7/04 , A61B2562/0204
摘要： A back electrode has a plurality of ridges on one surface. An electret foil is spaced from the ridged surface of the back electrode. In the absence of applied pressure, a gap remains between the foil and the surface of the back electrode between the ridges. Above one applied pressure, the foil collapses between the ridges. Below a second applied pressure, the foil returns to its original position.
摘要翻译： 背面电极在一个表面上具有多个脊。 驻极体箔与背面电极的脊状表面间隔开。 在没有施加压力的情况下，箔和脊之间的背电极的表面之间留有间隙。 在一个施加的压力之上，箔片在脊之间崩溃。 低于第二个施加的压力，箔片返回到其原始位置。
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