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公开(公告)号：US4807706A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-28
申请号：US80507
申请日：1987-07-31
CPC分类号： A62C99/0018
摘要： A process for safely preventing, controlling and/or extinguishing fires in confined spaces without damage to equipment, loss of habitability for personnel, loss of consciousness for personnel or a significant impact on the mental acuity of personnel in the confined space, which comprises introducing carbon dioxide and another inert gas, e.g. nitrogen or helium, to the confined space to lower the oxygen content to a concentration in the range between 8% and 15% by volume while increasing the carbon dioxide content of the confined space to an amount in the range of 2% to 5% by volume. The combination of reducing oxygen concentration and increasing carbon dioxide concentration in the gaseous environment of the confined space works together to sustain mammalian life, in particular, maintaining consciousness and mental acuity while not supporting, i.e. extinguishing, flame.
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公开(公告)号：US4512403A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-23
申请号：US357525
申请日：1982-03-12
IPC分类号： E21B43/12 , E21B43/243 , F15D1/00
CPC分类号： F15D1/0005 , E21B43/12 , E21B43/243
摘要： In an injection well for underground gasification of carbonaceous materials, either liquids or solids, by partial combustion with oxygen-rich gas in the presence of a moderating fluid such as steam, air, CO.sub.2 or the like, in which the moderating fluid is introduced through an annular path surrounding the injection tube through which the oxygen-rich gas is injected, back flow of gasification products from the well is prevented by providing a flow restriction in the annular path to increase the linear flow velocity of the moderating fluid while maintaining the designed mass flow rate of said moderating fluid. The flow restriction is so designed that at the predetermined downward flow rate of said moderating fluid the critical velocity of the moderating fluid at the restriction corresponds to the formula:V.sub.c =.sqroot.gDwherein g is the gravity constant, D is the equivalent diameter of the largest opening in the restriction.
摘要翻译： 在用于通过在诸如蒸汽，空气，CO 2等的调节流体存在的情况下用富氧气体部分燃烧的含碳材料（液体或固体）进行地下气化的注入井中，其中调节流体通过 围绕喷射管的环形路径，注入富氧气体，通过在环形路径中提供流量限制来防止气体产物从井的回流，以增加调节流体的线性流速，同时保持设计的 所述调节流体的质量流量。 流量限制是这样设计的，即在所述调节流体的预定向下流速下，调节流体在限制下的临界速度对应于下式：Vc = 2ROOT gD其中g是重力常数，D是 最大的开放限制。
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3.发明授权Method for foaming high temperature polymers using poly(alkylene carbonates) as foaming agents 失效使用聚（亚烷基碳酸酯）作为发泡剂发泡高温聚合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4940733A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-10
申请号：US442107
申请日：1989-11-28
摘要： A process for producing cellular foamed articles from high temperature engineering polymers wherein polymeric blowing agents are utilized to expand the polymers. The process comprises mixing a first polymer capable of being foamed with a second polymer comprising at least one poly(alkylene carbonate) to provide a polymer blend; heating the polymer blend to a temperature sufficient to melt the polymer to be foamed and to decompose the second polymer to form gas inclusions within the first polymer; expanding the melted first polymer containing the gas inclusions to form a foamed article; and cooling the foamed article to a temperature below the melting or softening point of the foamed article. Polymers which may be foamed according to the process include those polymers which can tolerate processing temperatures in excess of 260.degree. C. Suitable poly(alkylene carbonate) foaming agents include poly(propylene carbonate), blends of two or more poly(alkylene carbonates) and copolymers and terpolymers formed by polymerizing two or more oxirane compounds in the presence of carbon dioxide.
摘要翻译： 一种由高温工程聚合物制备多孔发泡制品的方法，其中使用聚合发泡剂来膨胀聚合物。 该方法包括将能够发泡的第一聚合物与包含至少一种聚（碳酸亚烷基酯）的第二聚合物混合以提供聚合物共混物; 将聚合物共混物加热到足以熔化要发泡的聚合物的温度并分解第二聚合物以在第一聚合物内形成气体夹杂物; 膨胀含有气体夹杂物的熔融的第一聚合物以形成发泡制品; 并将发泡制品冷却至低于泡沫制品的熔化或软化点的温度。 根据该方法可以发泡的聚合物包括能够耐受超过260℃的加工温度的那些聚合物。合适的聚（碳酸亚烷基酯）发泡剂包括聚（碳酸亚丙酯），两种或多种聚（碳酸亚烷基酯）和 通过在二氧化碳存在下聚合两种或多种环氧乙烷化合物形成的共聚物和三元共聚物。
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公开(公告)号：US4814370A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-21
申请号：US144833
申请日：1988-01-15
IPC分类号： C04B35/634 , C08K3/34 , C08K3/14 , C08K3/22
CPC分类号： C04B35/634
摘要： The present invention relates to a binder and a method for making and shaping a green body of ceramic powder and subsequently producing a formed ceramic body. The method of the present invention comprises admixing a ceramic powder with a binder comprising a polyalkylene carbonate to form a ceramic-binder mixture. The binder of the present invention comprises a polyalkylene carbonate, preferably polyethylene carbonate or polypropylene carbonate.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种粘合剂和一种用于制造和成形陶瓷粉末的生坯并随后生产成形的陶瓷体的方法。 本发明的方法包括将陶瓷粉末与包含聚亚烷基碳酸酯的粘合剂混合以形成陶瓷 - 粘合剂混合物。 本发明的粘合剂包括聚碳酸亚烷基酯，优选聚碳酸亚乙酯或聚碳酸丙烯酯。
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公开(公告)号：US4665136A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-12
申请号：US848890
申请日：1986-04-07
CPC分类号： C08G64/18 , C08G64/323
摘要： The present invention is a novel class of block copolymers and a process of making the same. An alkylene oxide is reacted with CO.sub.2 in an organic solvent in the presence of an organometallic catalyst to form a polyalkylene carbonate. A second alkylene oxide is subsequently added without the addition of catalyst. The resulting product is a block copolymer comprising distinct, covalently linked, alkylene carbonate blocks.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一类新型的嵌段共聚物及其制备方法。 在有机金属催化剂存在下，环氧烷与CO 2在有机溶剂中反应形成聚亚烷基碳酸酯。 随后在不加入催化剂的情况下加入第二种氧化烯。 所得产物是包含不同的共价连接的碳酸亚烷基酯嵌段的嵌段共聚物。
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公开(公告)号：US4633929A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-06
申请号：US787859
申请日：1985-10-16
CPC分类号： C08J9/141 , B22C7/023 , C08J9/28 , C08J2369/00
摘要： Metal castings having reduced residual carbon ash and surface flaws are produced by an evaporative pattern casting process, in which an organic foam pattern is vaporized upon contact with a molten metal leaving a metal replica of the pattern. The organic foam used in this process comprises a polymer formed by polymerizing CO.sub.2 with one or more oxirane compounds.
摘要翻译： 具有减少的残余碳灰和表面缺陷的金属铸件通过蒸发图案铸造工艺产生，其中有机泡沫图案在与熔融金属接触时蒸发，留下图案的金属复制品。 在该方法中使用的有机泡沫包括通过将CO 2与一种或多种环氧乙烷化合物聚合而形成的聚合物。
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7.发明授权CO.sub.2 copolymer binder for forming ceramic bodies and a shaping process using the same 失效用于形成陶瓷体的CO 2共聚物粘合剂和使用其的成型方法
公开(公告)号：US4882110A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-21
申请号：US7233
申请日：1987-01-27
IPC分类号： C04B35/634
CPC分类号： C04B35/63464 , C04B35/634
摘要： The present invention relates to a binder and a method for making and shaping a green body of ceramic powder and subsequently producing a formed ceramic body. The method of the present invention comprises admixing a ceramic powder with a binder comprising a polyalkylene carbonate to form a ceramic-binder mixture. The binder of the present invention comprises a polyalkylene carbonate, preferably polyethylene carbonate or polypropylene carbonate.
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公开(公告)号：US4239589A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-16
申请号：US947802
申请日：1978-10-02
CPC分类号： D21C11/0057 , Y02P70/24 , Y10S423/03
摘要： High recovery of useful energy from the heat of reaction in the oxidation of black liquor is obtained by integrating the oxidation into the multiple effect evaporation system of the pulp mill recovery sequence. The heat of reaction is thereby recovered as flash steam, which when combined with the vapors from an appropriate evaporator body enables recovery of its energy through further evaporation. The oxidation reaction may be carried out on the liquor leaving the second effect of the evaporation sequence for maximum energy recovery, or in accordance with an alternative embodiment, the reaction is carried out between the first effect and the flash tank with preferable addition of a second flash tank in series with the first.
摘要翻译： 通过将氧化整合到纸浆厂回收顺序的多重效应蒸发系统中，可以获得从黑液氧化反应中产生的反应热中有用能量的高回收率。 因此，作为闪蒸蒸汽回收反应热，当与适当的蒸发器主体的蒸汽组合时，能够通过进一步蒸发回收其能量。 氧化反应可以在液体上进行，留下蒸发顺序的第二个效果以获得最大的能量回收，或者根据替代实施方案，反应在第一效应和闪蒸罐之间进行，优选加入第二 闪光灯槽与第一个串联。
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