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公开(公告)号：US5284698A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-08
申请号：US761581
申请日：1991-09-18
IPC分类号： B32B18/00 , C04B35/486
CPC分类号： C04B35/486 , Y10T428/24942 , Y10T428/24975
摘要： In a Ce-ZrO.sub.2 -based laminar composite having enhanced fracture toughness, alternating barrier layers comprise a ceramic material that undergoes stress-induced phase transformation, if any, less readily than Ce-ZrO.sub.2. Separation of the barrier layers is normally in the range of about 10-200 .mu.m, with optimum individual barrier layer thicknesses at the lower end of the range. Powders of ceramic materials comprising the individual layers of the composite are dispersed in separate slurries. The pH of the slurries is adjusted to form coagulations in which the particles settle without mass segregation and can be consolidated to high density by centrifuging. After centrifuging, the supernatant liquid can be removed and a desired volume of another slurry can be added on top of the first layer of consolidated material. This process can be repeated indefinitely to form a consolidated structure having individual layers as thin as approximately 10 .mu.m. The consolidated structure may be pressed, shaped, dried, and sintered to form the laminar composite. In the composite, interactions between a barrier layer and the martensitic transformation zone surrounding a crack or indentation spread the transformation zone along the region adjacent to the barrier layer. As a result, barrier layers provide large increases in toughness for cracks growing parallel or normal to the layers.
摘要翻译： 在具有增强的断裂韧性的Ce-ZrO 2基层状复合材料中，交替的阻挡层包括如Ce-ZrO 2那样容易发生应力诱导相变的陶瓷材料。 阻隔层的分离通常在约10-200（m）m的范围内，其最佳单个阻挡层厚度在该范围的较低端。 包含复合材料的各层的陶瓷材料的粉末分散在不同的浆料中。 调节浆料的pH以形成凝结物，其中颗粒沉降而没有物质偏析，并且可以通过离心固化成高密度。 离心后，可以除去上清液，并且可以在第一层固结材料的顶部加入所需体积的另一浆料。 该过程可以无限期地重复以形成具有薄至约10（m）m的单独层的固结结构。 固结结构可以被压制，成型，干燥和烧结以形成层状复合材料。 在复合材料中，阻挡层与包围裂纹或压痕的马氏体相变区之间的相互作用使得沿着与阻挡层相邻的区域扩展转变区。 结果，阻挡层对于平行或垂直于层的裂纹的韧性提供了大的增加。
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公开(公告)号：US4362860A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-07
申请号：US317629
申请日：1981-11-02
CPC分类号： C08L61/00 , C08G16/0268
摘要： A fire-resistant polystyryl pyridine polymer is provided by two separate reactions: (1) the condensation of a methylated pyridine, an aromatic dialdehyde, and a methyl vinyl pyridine; and (2) by the addition curing of the condensation product. The condensation product provides a prepolymer suitable for forming a composite with another material such as graphite fibers, and the addition reaction provides a means to cure the prepolymer without eliminating volatile products.
摘要翻译： 通过两个单独的反应提供耐火聚苯乙烯基吡啶聚合物：（1）甲基化吡啶，芳族二醛和甲基乙烯基吡啶的缩合; 和（2）通过缩合产物的加成固化。 缩合产物提供了适合于与另一种材料如石墨纤维形成复合材料的预聚物，并且加成反应提供了固化预聚物而不消除挥发性产物的方法。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4879537A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-07
申请号：US223591
申请日：1988-07-25
IPC分类号： F16C39/06
CPC分类号： F16C32/0438
摘要： A device is provided for suspending an external load by means of a magnetic field and a superconductor. The superconductor is supported in a magnetic field which penetrates the superconductor. A magnet is suspended below the superconductor and oriented so that its magnetic moment is aligned parallel to the magnetic field. The magnet is provided with a coupling means so that it can be coupled to an external load. Either a vertical or a horizontal magnetic field can be used. In one embodiment, the load-carrying member is a composite material suspended from a supported magnet. The composite consists of a superconducting phase and an attractive phase comprising either a magnet, a ferromagnetic material, or a paramagnetic material. In another embodiment, a device for concentrating flux is provided by placing a superconductor between the source of the magnetic field and the position in which the concentrated flux is desired.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种通过磁场和超导体来悬挂外部负载的装置。 超导体被支撑在穿过超导体的磁场中。 将磁铁悬挂在超导体的下面并定向成使其磁矩平行于磁场排列。 磁体设置有联接装置，使得其可以耦合到外部负载。 可以使用垂直或水平磁场。 在一个实施例中，承载构件是从支撑的磁体悬挂的复合材料。 复合材料由超导相和吸引相组成，包括磁体，铁磁材料或顺磁材料。 在另一个实施例中，通过将超导体放置在磁场源和期望浓缩通量的位置之间来提供用于集中磁通的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5379018A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-03
申请号：US727763
申请日：1991-07-10
申请人： Roger E. De Wames , Ira B. Goldberg , Peter E. D. Morgan , Joseph J. Ratto , David B. Marshall , William F. Hall
发明人： Roger E. De Wames , Ira B. Goldberg , Peter E. D. Morgan , Joseph J. Ratto , David B. Marshall , William F. Hall
CPC分类号： H01P1/215
摘要： A magnetic switch for recording the change in position of a magnetic field includes a first object on which is positioned a source of magnetic force for creating a magnetic field and a second object on which is positioned at least one type II superconducting medium. The type II superconducting medium exhibits a permanent magnetic component after exposure to a magnetic field, such that relative motion between the first object and the second object causes the magnetic field to induce a residual magnetization in the superconducting medium. A device for sensing the direction of a magnetic field includes a first type II superconducting medium adapted to exhibit a permanent magnetic component after exposure to a magnetic field having a first direction, a second type II superconducting medium adapted to exhibit a permanent magnetic component after exposure to a magnetic field having a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and a third type II superconducting medium adapted to exhibit a permanent magnetic component after exposure to a magnetic field having a third direction orthogonal to the first and second directions.
摘要翻译： 用于记录磁场位置变化的磁开关包括：第一物体，其上定位有用于产生磁场的磁力源，第二物体上定位有至少一个II型超导介质。 II型超导介质在暴露于磁场之后表现出永久磁性成分，使得第一物体和第二物体之间的相对运动导致磁场在超导介质中引起剩余磁化。 用于感测磁场方向的装置包括适于在暴露于具有第一方向的磁场之后呈现永磁部件的第一II型超导介质，适于在曝光之后呈现永磁部件的第二II型超导介质 涉及具有与第一方向正交的第二方向的磁场，以及适于在暴露于具有与第一和第二方向正交的第三方向的磁场之后呈现永磁部件的第三类型II超导介质。
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公开(公告)号：US5113164A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-12
申请号：US303708
申请日：1989-01-27
申请人： Roger E. De Wames , Ira B. Goldberg , Peter E. D. Morgan , Joseph J. Ratto , David B. Marshall , William F. Hall
发明人： Roger E. De Wames , Ira B. Goldberg , Peter E. D. Morgan , Joseph J. Ratto , David B. Marshall , William F. Hall
CPC分类号： H01P1/215
摘要： A tunable electromagnetic filter includes a type II superconducting medium which exhibits a permanent ferromagnetic component after exposure to a magnetic field. A magnetic field passes through the medium in a first direction, while an input conductor wound around the medium in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction receives an input signal, and an output conductor is wound around the medium in a third direction perpendicular to the first and second directions. At resonance of the medium, an alternating field magnetic component perpendicular to both the incoming signal and the magnetic field is created to induce a current of the resonant frequency in the output conductor.
摘要翻译： 可调电磁滤波器包括II型超导介质，其在暴露于磁场之后呈现永久的铁磁性部件。 磁场沿着第一方向穿过介质，而沿垂直于第一方向的第二方向缠绕在介质上的输入导体接收输入信号，并且输出导体在垂直于第一方向的第三方向上缠绕在介质周围 第一和第二个方向。 在介质共振时，产生垂直于入射信号和磁场的交变场磁分量，以在输出导体中感应出谐振频率的电流。
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