公开(公告)号：US20090029210A1

公开(公告)日：2009-01-29

申请号：US11887815

申请日：2006-03-18

申请人： Martin Muller ,  Hendrik Dohle ,  Jurgen Mergel ,  Thorsten Wuster ,  Detlef Stolten

发明人： Martin Muller ,  Hendrik Dohle ,  Jurgen Mergel ,  Thorsten Wuster ,  Detlef Stolten

IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/00

CPC分类号： H01M8/04201 ,  H01M8/04194 ,  H01M8/04455 ,  H01M8/045 ,  H01M8/04507 ,  H01M8/04731 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/04835 ,  H01M8/04873 ,  H01M8/2465

摘要： The invention relates to a low-temperature fuel cell stack comprising a specific device for the supply of fuel. Said low-temperature fuel cell stack is characterised in that, in addition to the central fuel supply device, it comprises a supply or storage device for a liquid fuel, and a plurality of separately controllable dosing devices that lead into the central fuel supply device, especially respectively upstream of a distribution channel to the individual cells. Controllable valves, controllable piezoelectric pumps or thermally controllable supply elements are suitable as dosing devices. The invention also relates to a method for operating one such low-temperature fuel cell stack, which advantageously enables a defined concentration of fuel, or a defined humidity of the oxidation medium, to be adjusted at certain points in the fuel cell stack, especially on the inlet for the individual cells.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种包括用于供应燃料的特定装置的低温燃料电池堆。 所述低温燃料电池堆的特征在于，除了中央燃料供应装置之外，其还包括用于液体燃料的供应或存储装置以及引导到中央燃料供应装置的多个单独可控的计量装置， 特别是分配到各个单元的分配通道的上游。 可控制的阀门，可控制的压电泵或热可控供应元件适合作为定量给料装置。 本发明还涉及一种用于操作一种这样的低温燃料电池堆的方法，其有利地使燃料的确定浓度或氧化介质的限定湿度在燃料电池堆中的某些点被调节，特别是在 单个细胞的入口。

公开(公告)号：US4256549A

公开(公告)日：1981-03-17

申请号：US119107

申请日：1980-02-06

申请人： Jiri Divisek ,  Jurgen Mergel

发明人： Jiri Divisek ,  Jurgen Mergel

IPC分类号： C25B1/04 ,  C25B1/02

CPC分类号： C25B1/02 ,  Y02E60/366

摘要： A method for producing hydrogen according to a hybrid process. A low oxide,hich is formed at a high temperature from a higher oxide accompanied by splitting-off of oxygen, is introduced into an aqueous electrolyte and is reoxidized anodically along with simulataneous cathodic hydrogen generation. The oxide is returned into the high temperature range. As an oxide, antimony oxide, especially antimony tetraoxide, is used, with the oxide being formed anodically in a melt-flow electrolysis and being decomposed again into antimony trioxide and oxygen at approximately 850.degree. to 1000.degree. C. As an electrolyte, an alkali melt, and especially a melt having a sodium hydroxide base, may be used. The electrolyte may be formed by a possibly salt, especially sodium fluoride, containing mixture of sodium hydroxide and antimony trioxide in a mole ratio of 1:0.5 to 1:5.0, with a water content of approxaimately 1 to 5% by weight. The anode chamber is separated from the cathode chamber by a .beta.-aluminum oxide separating wall.

摘要翻译： 根据混合方法生产氢的方法。 在高温下形成的低氧化物，伴随着氧的分离，被引入到水性电解质中，并且随着阴极生成氢气而被阳极氧化再氧化。 氧化物回到高温范围。 作为氧化物，使用氧化锑，特别是四氧化锑，其中氧化物在熔体流动电解中阳极形成，并在约850℃至1000℃下再次分解成三氧化锑和氧。作为电解质， 熔融，特别是具有氢氧化钠基的熔体。 电解质可以由可能的盐，特别是氟化钠，含有摩尔比为1:0.5至1:5.0的氢氧化钠和三氧化锑的混合物形成，水含量为约1-5重量％。 阳极室通过β-氧化铝分隔壁与阴极室分离。

公开(公告)号：US4300993A

公开(公告)日：1981-11-17

申请号：US134756

申请日：1980-03-28

申请人： Jiri Divisek ,  Jurgen Mergel

发明人： Jiri Divisek ,  Jurgen Mergel

IPC分类号： C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/06 ,  C25C7/02 ,  C25D3/56 ,  C25D5/48

CPC分类号： C25B11/0447

摘要： On a sheet steel carrier a suspension containing a binder and nickel powderr a powder containing a nickel alloy in a volatile suspension medium is applied, with or without an additional pore-forming material, and the sintered to produce a porous sintered layer. Alternatively, this sintered layer can be obtained by depositing and consolidating the powdered mixture on the carrier with the aid of a plasma gun. A nickel/zinc alloy is then precipitated electrolytically on the sintered material thus produced and, finally, the zinc is dissolved out by dipping in lye. The carrier may be of metal and particularly a wire lattice of nickel or iron. It may also be a solid electrolyte membrane, such as a disc of .beta.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.

摘要翻译： 在钢板载体上，使用含有粘合剂和镍粉末的悬浮液或者在挥发性悬浮介质中含有镍合金的粉末，在有或没有另外的成孔材料的情况下进行烧结，制成多孔烧结层。 或者，该烧结层可以通过借助等离子体枪沉积和固结载体上的粉末状混合物来获得。 然后将镍/锌合金电解沉淀在由此产生的烧结材料上，最后通过浸入碱液中将锌溶解出来。 载体可以是金属，特别是镍或铁的丝网。 它也可以是固体电解质膜，例如β-Al2O3盘。

公开(公告)号：US20050084729A1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-21

申请号：US10496069

申请日：2002-11-12

申请人： Hendrik Dohle ,  Jurgen Mergel

发明人： Hendrik Dohle ,  Jurgen Mergel

IPC分类号： B01D53/86 ,  H01M2/00 ,  H01M8/04186 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M8/1009 ,  H01M8/2455 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： B01D53/8668 ,  H01M8/04186 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M8/1009 ,  H01M8/2455 ,  Y02E60/522

摘要： The invention relates to a device for cleaning waste gases for a direct alcohol fuel cell or for a direct alcohol fuel cell stack, comprising at least one supply line for supplying an oxidizing agent into a cathode space of a fuel cell and at least one evacuation line for evacuating waste gas out of a fuel cell. The supply line and evacuation line are arranged next to one another at least in one area and are separated by a porous layer. A catalytic converter is placed on the surface of the porous layer oriented toward the evacuation line. In the inventive waste gas cleaning device, the advantages of an internal utilization of heat and of an at least partial water circuit with an effective catalytic conversion and reduction of removed non-converted alcohol, particularly methanol, locally unite at one location of the fuel cell system. The waste gas cleaning device simultaneously serves to preheat and wet the supplied oxidizing agent and can be advantageously provided with a very compact design.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于清洁直接醇燃料电池或直接醇燃料电池堆的废气的装置，包括用于将氧化剂供应到燃料电池的阴极空间中的至少一条供应管线和至少一个排气管线 用于将废气排出燃料电池。 供应管线和排气管线至少在一个区域中彼此相邻布置，并被多孔层分隔开。 将催化转化器放置在朝向排气管线的多孔层的表面上。 在本发明的废气清洁装置中，内部利用热量和至少部分水回路的优点是有效催化转化和还原除去的未转化的醇，特别是甲醇，在燃料电池的一个位置局部地团聚 系统。 废气清洁装置同时用于预热和湿润供应的氧化剂，并且可以有利地提供非常紧凑的设计。

公开(公告)号：US4225401A

公开(公告)日：1980-09-30

申请号：US972334

申请日：1978-12-22

申请人： Jiri Divisek ,  Jurgen Mergel

发明人： Jiri Divisek ,  Jurgen Mergel

IPC分类号： C25B1/10 ,  C25B1/04

CPC分类号： C25B1/10 ,  Y02E60/366

摘要： Method and apparatus for generating hydrogen and oxygen. Water is electroically decomposed in an electrolysis cell having a molten electrolyte which contains alkali ions and has a high OH.sup.- ion activity. The anode and cathode chambers are separated from one another by a separator made of an ion conducting aluminum oxide modification known as .beta.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. Hydrogen and oxygen are then separately withdrawn.

摘要翻译： 用于产生氢和氧的方法和装置。 水在具有含有碱离子并具有高OH离子活性的熔融电解质的电解槽中电解分解。 阳极室和阴极室通过由称为β-Al 2 O 3的离子导电氧化铝改性剂制成的隔板彼此分离。 然后分别取出氢气和氧气。

公开(公告)号：US20070128502A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-07

申请号：US10553574

申请日：2004-04-08

申请人： Hendrik Dohle ,  Martin Muller ,  Jan Bringmann ,  Jurgen Mergel ,  Detlef Stolten

发明人： Hendrik Dohle ,  Martin Muller ,  Jan Bringmann ,  Jurgen Mergel ,  Detlef Stolten

IPC分类号： H01M4/94 ,  H01M8/10

CPC分类号： H01M4/8605 ,  H01M8/04156 ,  H01M8/1004 ,  H01M8/1009 ,  H01M2004/8689 ,  Y02E60/523

摘要： In low-temperature fuel cells according to prior art, the problem often arises that the diffusion layer of the cathode is filled by water which is permeated or produced on the cathode, such that oxygen can no longer be transported to the catalyst layer of the cathode in a frictionless manner. As a result, said fuel cells are regularly used with a high excess of oxygen in order to reduce the cited transport problems for the oxygen. The inventive fuel cell enables said problem to be solved in that the arrangement of the diffusion layer and the catalyst layer of the cathode is inverted. The diffusion layer, which is embodied in such a way as to also conduct ions, is directly adjacent to the electrolyte membrane. The catalyst layer oriented towards the free cathode space can advantageously directly react with the supplied oxygen without further transport problems. A further advantage lies in the fact that the water produced on the catalyst layer of the cathode and/or permeated by the electrolyte membrane and the diffusion layer can be easily withdrawn via the free cathode space.

摘要翻译： 在根据现有技术的低温燃料电池中，经常出现的问题是阴极的扩散层被在阴极上渗透或产生的水填充，使得氧不再能够传输到阴极的催化剂层 以无摩擦的方式。 结果，所述燃料电池常规地使用大量的氧气，以便减少所引用的氧气运输问题。 本发明的燃料电池能够解决这个问题，即扩散层和阴极的催化剂层的布置被反转。 以能够进行离子的方式实施的扩散层与电解质膜直接相邻。 朝向自由阴极空间取向的催化剂层可以有利地直接与供应的氧气反应，而不会有进一步的运输问题。 另一个优点在于，可以通过自由阴极空间容易地排出在阴极的催化剂层上产生的和/或被电解质膜和扩散层渗透的水。

公开(公告)号：US5766427A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-16

申请号：US806455

申请日：1997-02-26

申请人： Jurgen Mergel ,  Hans-Gunter Groehn ,  Wolfgang Westerhausen

发明人： Jurgen Mergel ,  Hans-Gunter Groehn ,  Wolfgang Westerhausen

IPC分类号： C25B15/06 ,  C25B9/00 ,  C25B15/08

CPC分类号： C25B15/06

摘要： An electrolyzer has a metal fitting for supply or discharge or electricity or discharge of gas produced in the electrolyzer and into which, from the passage forming system within the electrolyzer has an electrically insulating tube extending into the metal fitting and hermetically sealed with respect to it, at the end electrode through which the electrically insulating tube passes, or the passage system so that parasitic currents are led along this schematically insulating tube for a length sufficient to render the parasitic losses significant.

摘要翻译： 电解槽具有用于供给或排出或在电解器中产生的气体的电或排出的金属配件，并且电解槽内的通道形成系统具有延伸到金属配件中且相对于其密封的电绝缘管， 在电绝缘管通过的端电极或通道系统中，使得寄生电流沿该示意性绝缘管被引导足以使寄生损耗显着的长度。

公开(公告)号：US4394244A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-19

申请号：US166448

申请日：1980-07-07

申请人： Jiri Divisek ,  Jurgen Mergel

发明人： Jiri Divisek ,  Jurgen Mergel

IPC分类号： C25B1/04 ,  C25B13/02 ,  C25B13/04

CPC分类号： C25B13/04 ,  C25B1/04 ,  Y02E60/366

摘要： A diaphragm of porous sinter material for alkaline water electrolysis characterized by a porous sinter metal oxidized at least partially to metal oxide. A frame structure of the sinter body is provided especially wire net. The base metal of the sinter body is formed by nickel, iron or copper. The method includes forming a porous metal sinter body and oxidizing the same at elevated temperature in oxygen-containing atmosphere. The method for production of nickel oxide diaphragms furthermore includes applying to a nickel net a pasty mass of nickel powder containing a binder and burning. Applying in a thin layer as by brushing nickel powder of a particle size of about 1 to 10 mm in a rubber solution in toluene upon a carrier, especially a nickel net, and this arrangement is subjected to sintering at 700.degree. to 1,000.degree. C. for a time or duration of 10 to 20 minutes in inert or reducing atmosphere especially in hydrogen and the sinter body which is obtained is subjected to roasting in air at 1000.degree. C. to 1200.degree. C. up to three hours, especially for a time duration in a range of between ten and forty minutes. The diaphragms are produced with a thickness in a range of approximately 1 mm, especially in a range of approximately 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm. Utilization of the diaphragm includes electrolysis cells with active porous nickel electrode fixed on the diaphragm in a sandwich manner of construction.

摘要翻译： 用于碱性水电解的多孔烧结材料的隔膜，其特征在于至少部分氧化成金属氧化物的多孔烧结金属。 烧结体的框架结构尤其是线网。 烧结体的基体金属由镍，铁或铜形成。 该方法包括在含氧气氛中形成多孔金属烧结体并在升高的温度下对其进行氧化。 制造氧化镍隔膜的方法还包括向镍网施加含有粘合剂和燃烧的糊状的镍粉末。 通过在载体，特别是镍网上的甲苯中的橡胶溶液中将约1〜10毫米粒度的镍粉刷涂在薄层中，并将该配置在700℃至1000℃下进行烧结。 在惰性或还原气氛（特别是氢气）中持续10至20分钟的时间或持续时间，将获得的烧结体在空气中在1000℃至1200℃下焙烧至三小时，特别是一段时间 持续时间在十到四十分钟之间。 膜片的厚度在大约1mm的范围内，特别是在大约0.3mm至0.7mm的范围内。 隔膜的利用包括以活动的多孔镍电极的电解电池，其以三明治结构的方式固定在隔膜上。

公开(公告)号：US4338167A

公开(公告)日：1982-07-06

申请号：US248319

申请日：1981-03-27

申请人： Jiri Divisek ,  Jurgen Mergel ,  Frans G. Bodewig

发明人： Jiri Divisek ,  Jurgen Mergel ,  Frans G. Bodewig

IPC分类号： C25B1/02 ,  C25B1/04 ,  C25B1/10

CPC分类号： C25B1/04 ,  C25B1/02 ,  Y02E60/366

摘要： A method for increasing the current yield or electrolytic efficiency of a sion electrolysis, especially water electrolysis, with which an anodic oxygen separation occurs. Lithium ions are added to the fusion electrolyte. Such lithium ions may be added by adding lithium as hydroxide or fluoride, sulfate or carbonate. The lithium addition amounts to at least 15 Mol % of the melt. Electrolyte is formed by a lithium hydroxide containing alkali hydroxide melt.

摘要翻译： 一种用于提高熔融电解的电流产率或电解效率的方法，特别是水电解，其中发生阳极氧分离。 将锂离子加入到融合电解质中。 这样的锂离子可以通过加入锂作为氢氧化物或氟化物，硫酸盐或碳酸盐来加入。 锂的添加量至少为熔体的15Mol％。 电解质由含氢氧化碱的氢氧化物熔体形成。