公开(公告)号：US3995198A

公开(公告)日：1976-11-30

申请号：US626499

申请日：1975-10-28

申请人： Karl Kriechbaum

发明人： Karl Kriechbaum

IPC分类号： H01C1/14 ,  H01H33/14 ,  H01H33/16 ,  H01H33/59 ,  H02H7/22

CPC分类号： H02H7/222 ,  H01C1/1406 ,  H01H33/14 ,  H01H33/167 ,  H01H33/59

摘要： In a high voltage circuit breaker arranged to be connected in series with a conductor for breaking the flow of current through the conductor, the breaker including at least two identical breaks, capacitors shunting all of the breaks for producing a voltage gradient, at least one resistor connected in shunt with at least one of the breaks, and a switch connected with the resistor and arranged to be operated in a manner such that it does not make or interrupt a current, the operation of the switch is controlled by a control device connected for operating the switch and a current transformer connected to the control device and arranged for monitoring the current flow through the conductor to provide an output which causes, during a break operation of the circuit breaker, the closing of the switch shortly before the simultaneous opening of all of the breaks only when the current through the conductor exceeds a certain value.

摘要翻译： 在布置为与用于断开通过导体的电流流动的导体串联连接的高压断路器中，断路器包括至少两个相同的断路，电容器分流所有断路以产生电压梯度，至少一个电阻器 与至少一个断路连接分流器，以及与电阻器连接的开关，其布置为以不使电流发生或中断的方式操作，开关的操作由连接到 操作开关和连接到控制装置的电流互感器，并且布置成用于监测通过导体的电流，以提供输出，该输出在断路器的断开操作期间在同时打开所有开关之前不久关闭开关 只有当通过导体的电流超过一定值时才会发生。

公开(公告)号：US6136462A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-24

申请号：US27208

申请日：1998-02-20

申请人： Karl Kriechbaum ,  Gerhard Filip

发明人： Karl Kriechbaum ,  Gerhard Filip

IPC分类号： H01M8/04007 ,  H01M8/04089 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/124 ,  H01M8/247 ,  H01M8/04

CPC分类号： H01M8/04097 ,  H01M8/0625 ,  H01M2008/1293 ,  H01M2300/0074 ,  H01M8/04007 ,  H01M8/247

摘要： The invention relates to a fuel cell system with high-temperature fuel cells, in which some of the heat of the gases flowing out of the anode and cathode is used to that end. The gases that the flow into the anode and cathode are brought to a temperature that is required for operation of the fuel cells and is still tolerable for the cells, having an anode and/or cathode loop. It is provided that for the anode and/or cathode loop, at least that time-referred quantity of reaction gases that is required for attaining the electrical output of the fuel cells is furnished. From the gas flowing out of the anode and/or cathode, an equivalent quantity of gas is removed from the gas loop, and the gas quantity introduced into the loop is dimensioned such that by mixing this gas quantity with the gas returned to the loop from the anode and/or cathode, the temperature of the gas flowing into the anode and/or cathode attains a predetermined operating temperature that is optimal for the service life of the cells and for efficiency.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有高温燃料电池的燃料电池系统，其中从阳极和阴极流出的气体的一些热量用于该目的。 进入阳极和阴极的气体达到操作燃料电池所需的温度，并且对于具有阳极和/或阴极环的电池仍然是可以容忍的。 条件是，对于阳极和/或阴极回路，至少提供了实现燃料电池的电输出所需的反应气体量。 从从阳极和/或阴极流出的气体，从气体回路中除去等量的气体，并且引入循环中的气体的尺寸被设定为使得通过将该气体量与返回到环路的气体混合 阳极和/或阴极，流入阳极和/或阴极的气体的温度达到对于电池的使用寿命和效率最佳的预定操作温度。

公开(公告)号：US4521654A

公开(公告)日：1985-06-04

申请号：US536033

申请日：1983-09-26

申请人： Wolfgang Eberhardt ,  Dietrich Hoffmann ,  Karl Kriechbaum ,  Erwin Rohde

发明人： Wolfgang Eberhardt ,  Dietrich Hoffmann ,  Karl Kriechbaum ,  Erwin Rohde

IPC分类号： H01H31/36 ,  H01H33/12

CPC分类号： H01H31/36 ,  H01H33/121

摘要： A high voltage disconnect switch, including a countercontact piece having switch countercontacts and being arranged for connection to a source of high voltage. Resilient pre-contact pieces are insulatingly connected to the countercontact piece and include switch contacts disposed for contacting the switch countercontacts. Movable primary contact pieces are arranged to be movable from a first position of separation from the pre-contact pieces and the countercontact piece to a second position in which the primary contact pieces are in contact with the pre-contact pieces but not with the countercontact piece and to a third position in which the primary contact pieces are in contact with both the pre-contact pieces and the countercontact piece. The pieces are configured and arranged relative to one another so that during the closing of the switch the countercontacts contact the contacts after the primary contact pieces are moved to the second position and before they are moved to the third position, and during the opening of the switch the countercontacts separate from the contacts after the primary contact pieces are moved to the second position and before they are moved to the first position.

摘要翻译： 一种高电压断开开关，包括具有开关反接触的反接触件，并被布置成连接到高电压源。 弹性预接触件绝缘地连接到反接触片上，并且包括设置用于接触开关反接触的开关触点。 可移动主接触片被布置成从分离的第一位置与预接触件和反接触件可移动到第二位置，在第二位置中，主接触件与预接触片接触，但不与反接触片接触 并且到第三位置，其中主接触片与预接触片和反接触片接触。 这些部件相对于彼此构造和布置，使得在开关闭合期间，在主接触件移动到第二位置之后并且在它们移动到第三位置之前，并且在开启期间，反接触件接触触点 在主接触件移动到第二位置之后并且在它们移动到第一位置之前，将接触件与接触件分开地切换。

公开(公告)号：US4393290A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-12

申请号：US128897

申请日：1980-03-10

申请人： Gunter Mittelbach ,  Gunter Horstmann ,  Werner Heiss ,  Dietrich Hoffmann ,  Gunter Siebrecht ,  Karl Kriechbaum ,  Gunter Rapp

发明人： Gunter Mittelbach ,  Gunter Horstmann ,  Werner Heiss ,  Dietrich Hoffmann ,  Gunter Siebrecht ,  Karl Kriechbaum ,  Gunter Rapp

IPC分类号： H01H1/38 ,  H01H33/91 ,  H01H33/88

CPC分类号： H01H33/91 ,  H01H1/385

摘要： A puffer-type gas blast circuit interrupter composed of two separable contacts defining a power current path and between which an arc is created upon separation movement, in which the movable parts of the gas compressor and/or the region of contact between the contacts of an associated nominal current path are shielded from the region in which the arc is created by a shielding arrangement composed of a stationary cylinder surrounding the nozzle associated with the gas compressor and a shield member carried by the nozzle. Additionally, to reduce the movable mass of the interrupter, at least one of the current paths is constituted by two stationary contact pieces and a movable contact member carried by, and projecting from, the cylinder of the gas compressor. Further, the mass of the moving parts of the system is reduced by providing the shield member carried by the nozzle with a cylindrical projection coaxial with, and slidable relative to, the stationary cylindrical member. Preferably, the interface between the shield member and the cylindrical member is hermetically sealed.

摘要翻译： 一种由两个可分离触点组成的吹气式气体爆炸电路断路器，其限定电力通路，并且在分离运动之间产生电弧，其中气体压缩机的可移动部分和/或触点之间的接触区域 相关联的标称电流路径由围绕与气体压缩机相关联的喷嘴的静止气缸和由喷嘴承载的屏蔽构件构成的屏蔽装置与由其产生电弧的区域屏蔽。 此外，为了减小断路器的可移动质量，至少一个电流路径由两个固定接触件和由气体压缩机的气缸承载并从其中突出的可动接触构件构成。 此外，通过将由喷嘴承载的屏蔽构件设置成与固定圆柱形构件同轴并且可相对于静止圆柱形构件滑动的圆柱形突起来减小系统的运动部件的质量。 优选地，屏蔽构件和圆柱形构件之间的界面是密封的。

公开(公告)号：US4042963A

公开(公告)日：1977-08-16

申请号：US650757

申请日：1976-01-20

申请人： Karl Kriechbaum

发明人： Karl Kriechbaum

IPC分类号： H02H7/06

CPC分类号： H02H7/06

摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing the mechanical stresses on the shaft of a turboset and on the shaft of the generator coupled thereto upon the occurrence of a three-pole mains short circuit near the generator and upon the subsequent elimination of the three-pole short circuit. A generator switch is connected between the output of the generator and the mains, and a resistor, whose size is adapted to the size of the load on the generator, is connected in parallel with the generator switch. The generator switch is opened upon the occurrence of a short circuit to switch the resistor into the load circuit of the generator and the resistor is again bridged when the short circuit is switched off of the mains.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在发电机附近发生三极电源短路并且随后消除三极短路时，减小涡轮发电机的轴上和发电机的轴上的机械应力的方法和装置 。 发电机开关连接在发电机的输出端和电源之间，电阻器的尺寸适合发电机负载的大小，与发电机开关并联连接。 当短路发生时，发电机开关打开，将电阻器切换到发电机的负载电路中，并且当短路从主电源关闭时，电阻器再次桥接。

公开(公告)号：US4885442A

公开(公告)日：1989-12-05

申请号：US132240

申请日：1987-12-14

申请人： Karl Kriechbaum

发明人： Karl Kriechbaum

IPC分类号： H01H33/18 ,  H01H1/06 ,  H01H33/66 ,  H01H33/664

CPC分类号： H01H33/6644 ,  H01H2033/6648 ,  H01H33/6646

摘要： A contact element for a power switch which, in order to open or close the switch, cooperates with an opposite element, with a transitory rotating electric arc forming between the contact element and the opposite element when the switch is operated. The contact element has an electrode part which includes a portion made of an electrically conductive material. This portion defines a contact surface, with the electrode part having a defined width and being curved in the direction of the width to have the form of an open loop having a connecting end and a free end. A current may be introduced approximately tangentially to the open loop at its connecting end, and the free end is spaced from the connecting end in the direction toward the interior of the loop by a distance which is less than the defined width.

摘要翻译： 用于电源开关的接触元件，用于打开或关闭开关，当开关被操作时，与相对元件配合，在接触元件和相对元件之间形成瞬时旋转的电弧。 接触元件具有包括由导电材料制成的部分的电极部分。 该部分限定了接触表面，其中电极部分具有限定的宽度，并且在宽度方向上弯曲成具有连接端和自由端的开环形式。 电流可以在其连接端处与开环近似切向地引入，并且自由端沿着朝向环内部的方向与连接端间隔一个小于限定宽度的距离。

公开(公告)号：US4140986A

公开(公告)日：1979-02-20

申请号：US807322

申请日：1977-06-16

申请人： Karl Kriechbaum

发明人： Karl Kriechbaum

IPC分类号： H01H33/70 ,  H01H33/91 ,  H01H75/00

CPC分类号： H01H33/91 ,  H01H33/7007

摘要： A circuit breaker switch for periodic current has a stationary contact connected to a first current terminal; a movable contact connected to a second terminal and having a closed position in which it engages the stationary contact and an open position in which it is separated from the stationary contact, an actuating device for moving the movable contact; a locking device having an operative position in which it immobilizes the movable contact in its closed position and an inoperative position in which it is clear of the movable contact; and a current intensity-responsive device connected to the locking device for moving the locking device from its inoperative position to its locking position when the intensity of current flowing through the circuit breaker switch exceeds a first predetermined value and for moving the locking device from its locking position into its inoperative position when the intensity reaches a second predetermined value.

摘要翻译： 用于周期性电流的断路器开关具有连接到第一电流端子的固定触点; 连接到第二端子并且具有闭合位置的可动触头，其中它接合固定触点和打开位置，在该位置与固定触点分离;一个用于移动可动触点的驱动装置; 锁定装置，其具有将可动触点固定在其关闭位置的操作位置和不可操作触点的非工作位置; 以及连接到所述锁定装置的当前强度响应装置，用于当流过所述断路器开关的电流的强度超过第一预定值并将所述锁定装置从其锁定状态移动时，将所述锁定装置从其不工作位置移动到其锁定位置 当强度达到第二预定值时位置进入其不工作位置。

公开(公告)号：US4390764A

公开(公告)日：1983-06-28

申请号：US146403

申请日：1980-05-05

申请人： Karl Kriechbaum ,  Hans-Georg Augustin ,  Dietrich Hoffmann

发明人： Karl Kriechbaum ,  Hans-Georg Augustin ,  Dietrich Hoffmann

IPC分类号： H01H33/16

CPC分类号： H01H33/166

摘要： In a puffer-type gas blast switch including a gas compression device composed of two components defining, respectively, a piston and a cylinder, one of the components being stationary and the other one of the components being movable for compressing a quenching gas in the chamber during switch opening, a nozzle mounted for directing the compressed quenching gas from the chamber against a switching arc, a first power contact fixed to the movable component of the gas compression device and movable between a switch closing position and a switch opening position, a second power contact arranged to be conductively connected to the first power contact when the latter is in its switch closing position and movable with the latter during at least the initial portion of its movement from the switch closing position, and spring means urging the second contact in a direction to break its connection with the first contact, the second contact is directly and releasably connected to the first contact when the first contact is in its switch closing position, and the switch further includes an abutment member for limiting the path of movement of the second contact with the first contact during movement of the first contact to its switch opening position.

摘要翻译： 在包括由分别限定活塞和气缸的两个部件组成的气体压缩装置的吹气式气体吹扫开关中，其中一个部件是静止的，另一个部件可移动以压缩腔室中的淬火气体 在开关打开期间，安装有用于将压缩的淬火气体从腔室引导抵靠开关电弧的喷嘴，固定到气体压缩装置的可移动部件并可在开关闭合位置和开关打开位置之间移动的第一动力触头，第二 电力接触件，当其处于其开关闭合位置时被布置成与第一电力接触件导电连接，并且在其开关的至少初始部分从开关闭合位置移动时能够与第一电力接触件一起移动;弹簧装置将第二接触件 方向来破坏其与第一接触件的连接，第二接触件直接和可释放地连接到第一接触件 当第一接触件处于其开关闭合位置时，并且开关还包括邻接构件，用于在第一接触件移动到其开关打开位置期间限制第二接触件与第一接触件的移动路径。

公开(公告)号：US4053727A

公开(公告)日：1977-10-11

申请号：US652973

申请日：1976-01-28

申请人： Karl Kriechbaum

发明人： Karl Kriechbaum

IPC分类号： H01H33/70 ,  H01H33/91 ,  H01H33/915

CPC分类号： H01H33/7007 ,  H01H33/91

摘要： A gas current blow-out switch has an electrically conducting compression cylinder, a stationary hollow power contact pin supported in the cylinder and a piston surrounding the pin and slidably received in the cylinder for compressing an arc-extinguishing gas therein. A nozzle is affixed to the cylinder for bounding one end thereof. A movable hollow power contact pin is supported coaxially with the stationary contact pin to assume open and closed positions. The switch has an electrically conducting stationary tube axially aligned with and spaced from the compression cylinder; a contact bridge slidably supported by and being in continuous electric contact with the stationary tube and the movable contact pin. The contact bridge has a closed position in which it electrically contacts the compression cylinder and an open position in which it is separated therefrom. An insulator cylinder which surrounds the compression cylinder and is slidable thereon, is coupled to the contact bridge for shifting the latter into its open position upon motion of the insulator cylinder in one direction. A carriage is shiftably arranged on a support and an externally actuated drive member is secured to the carriage and is displaceable between two limits with respect to the carriage. The drive member displaces the carriage after the drive member reaches either one of the limits. The drive member is arranged to displace the piston and the carriage is arranged to displace the insulator tube.