公开(公告)号：US11258528B2

公开(公告)日：2022-02-22

申请号：US16578396

申请日：2019-09-22

申请人： Jeffrey T. Rahn ,  Kuang-Tsan Wu ,  Steven J. Hand ,  David F. Welch

发明人： Jeffrey T. Rahn ,  Kuang-Tsan Wu ,  Steven J. Hand ,  David F. Welch

IPC分类号： H04B10/00 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04L5/00 ,  H04J14/00

摘要： A network or system in which a hub or primary node may communicate with a plurality of leaf or secondary nodes. The hub node may operate or have a capacity greater than that of the leaf nodes. Accordingly, relatively inexpensive leaf nodes may be deployed to receive data carrying optical signals from, and supply data carrying optical signals to, the hub node. One or more connections may couple each leaf node to the hub node, whereby each connection may include one or more spans or segments of optical fibers, optical amplifiers, optical splitters/combiners, and optical add/drop multiplexer, for example. Optical subcarriers may be transmitted over such connections, each carrying a data stream. The subcarriers may be generated by a combination of a laser and a modulator, such that multiple lasers and modulators are not required, and costs may be reduced. As the bandwidth or capacity requirements of the leaf nodes change, the number of subcarriers, and thus the amount of data provided to each node, may be changed accordingly. Each subcarrier within a dedicated group of subcarriers may carry OAM or control channel information to a corresponding leaf node, and such information may be used by the leaf node to configure the leaf node to have a desired bandwidth or capacity.

公开(公告)号：US09246597B2

公开(公告)日：2016-01-26

申请号：US12826277

申请日：2010-06-29

申请人： Pierre Mertz ,  Kuang-Tsan Wu

发明人： Pierre Mertz ,  Kuang-Tsan Wu

IPC分类号： H04B10/516 ,  H04B10/556

CPC分类号： H04B10/5161 ,  H04B10/5561

摘要： The present disclosure allows for optical link capacity to be optimized based on transmission parameters, such as amplifier gain, link loss, optical signal-to-noise ratio. For example, optical signals at wavelengths that are susceptible to impairments, such as non-linear effects, or that are not adequately amplified by an optical amplifier, may be modulated in accordance with lower rate/less spectrally efficient modulation formats (“low rate formats”) that are more noise tolerant. On the other hand, those optical signals at wavelengths that are less susceptible to or do not incur such impairments may be modulated in accordance with highly spectrally efficient/higher rate modulation formats (“high rate formats”) that are more noise sensitive. Accordingly, a maximum or optimized capacity may be realized through appropriately choosing, for each channel, a particular modulation format and channel spacing. Such optimized capacity can be readily obtained with adaptive driver circuits.

摘要翻译： 本公开允许基于诸如放大器增益，链路损耗，光信噪比的传输参数优化光链路容量。 例如，可以根据较低速率/较低频谱效率的调制格式（“低速率格式”）来调制易受损害的波长的光信号，例如非线性效应或不被光放大器充分放大的光信号 “），其噪声容忍度更高。 另一方面，可以根据对噪声敏感的高频谱效率/较高速率调制格式（“高速率格式”）来调制不易受到或不引起这种损伤的波长的那些光信号。 因此，可以通过对每个信道适当地选择特定的调制格式和信道间隔来实现最大或优化的容量。 利用自适应驱动器电路可以容易地获得这种优化的容量。

公开(公告)号：US09130681B2

公开(公告)日：2015-09-08

申请号：US13851574

申请日：2013-03-27

申请人： Han H. Sun ,  John D. McNicol ,  Kuang-Tsan Wu

发明人： Han H. Sun ,  John D. McNicol ,  Kuang-Tsan Wu

IPC分类号： H04B10/50 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04B10/61 ,  H04B10/58

CPC分类号： H04B10/6165 ,  H04B10/506 ,  H04B10/58 ,  H04J14/02

摘要： An optical transmitter may include an optical source to provide a first optical signal having a varying frequency; an optical circuit to receive a portion of the first optical signal and provide a second optical signal corresponding to a change in frequency of the first optical signal; a photodetector to receive the first optical signal and provide an electrical signal that is indicative of the change in frequency of the first optical signal; an integrator to receive the electrical signal and provide an inverted electrical signal; and a controller to process the inverted electrical signal and provide a current, associated with the inverted electrical signal, to the optical source. The optical source may reduce the phase noise associated with the first optical signal based on the current.

摘要翻译： 光发射机可以包括光源以提供具有变化频率的第一光信号; 光电路，用于接收所述第一光信号的一部分，并提供对应于所述第一光信号的频率变化的第二光信号; 光电检测器，用于接收第一光信号并提供指示第一光信号的频率变化的电信号; 积分器，用于接收电信号并提供反相电信号; 以及控制器，用于处理所述反相电信号并将与所述反相电信号相关联的电流提供给所述光源。 光源可以基于电流减小与第一光信号相关联的相位噪声。

公开(公告)号：US08705986B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-22

申请号：US12926533

申请日：2010-11-23

申请人： Han Henry Sun ,  Kuang-Tsan Wu

发明人： Han Henry Sun ,  Kuang-Tsan Wu

IPC分类号： H04B10/64

CPC分类号： H04B10/6161 ,  H04B10/6162

摘要： Consistent with the present disclosure, a method and system for estimating chromatic dispersion of an optical signal in a coherent receiver is provided that is insensitive to polarization mode dispersion (PMD) and other polarization effects in the optical communication system. The effects of chromatic dispersion in the optical system are estimated by first calculating a phase shift between a pair of related frequency domain data outputs of a Fourier transform circuit. The calculated phase shift includes a linear phase component that is proportional to the chromatic dispersion, a DC constant phase component, and a data spectrum component. The calculated phase shift is then averaged over a number of clock cycles to remove the data spectrum components. The time averaged result is used to normalize any effects of PMD from the received signal. A slope of the linear phase component as a function of frequency is then calculated and used to estimate the value for chromatic dispersion. The chromatic dispersion estimate is then used to determine a number of coefficients of an inverse frequency response of the chromatic dispersion in the system, and is used to compensate for the chromatic dispersion.

摘要翻译： 根据本公开，提供了一种用于估计相干接收机中的光信号的色散的方法和系统，其对于光通信系统中的偏振模色散（PMD）和其它极化效应不敏感。 通过首先计算傅里叶变换电路的一对相关频域数据输出之间的相移来估计光学系统中色散的影响。 所计算的相移包括与色散成比例的直线相位分量，DC恒定相位分量和数据光谱分量。 然后在多个时钟周期内对所计算的相移进行平均以去除数据光谱分量。 时间平均结果用于对接收到的信号的PMD的任何影响进行归一化。 然后计算作为频率的函数的线性相位分量的斜率，并用于估计色散的值。 然后使用色散估计来确定系统中色散的反频率响应的系数数，并且用于补偿色散。

公开(公告)号：US08639118B2

公开(公告)日：2014-01-28

申请号：US12897787

申请日：2010-10-05

申请人： Kuang-Tsan Wu ,  John D. McNicol ,  David F. Welch ,  Stephen G. Grubb ,  Pierre Mertz

发明人： Kuang-Tsan Wu ,  John D. McNicol ,  David F. Welch ,  Stephen G. Grubb ,  Pierre Mertz

IPC分类号： H04J14/02

CPC分类号： H04J14/02 ,  H04B10/616 ,  H04J14/0224 ,  H04J14/0227 ,  H04J14/0241 ,  H04J14/026 ,  H04J14/0279 ,  H04J14/06 ,  H04L1/0007 ,  H04L1/0009 ,  H04L5/0008 ,  H04L25/03834 ,  H04L27/0008 ,  H04L27/2035 ,  H04L27/223 ,  H04L27/34

摘要： Consistent with the present disclosure, data, in digital form, is received by a transmit nodes of an optical communication, and converted to analog signal by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) to drive a modulator. The modulator, in turn, modulates light at one of a plurality of wavelengths in accordance with the received data. The modulated light is then transmitted over an optical communication path to a receive node. At the receive node, the modulated optical signal, as well as other modulated optical signals are supplied to a photodetector circuit, which receives additional light at one of the optical signal wavelengths from a local oscillator laser. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is provided in the receive node to convert the electrical signals output from the photodetector into digital form. The output from the ADC is then filtered in the electrical domain, such that optical demultiplexing of individual channels is unnecessary.

摘要翻译： 与本公开一致，数字形式的数据由光通信的发射节点接收，并由数模转换器（DAC）转换为模拟信号以驱动调制器。 调制器又根据接收的数据调制多个波长中的一个波长的光。 然后将调制的光通过光通信路径传输到接收节点。 在接收节点处，调制的光信号以及其它调制的光信号被提供给光电检测器电路，光电检测器电路从本地振荡器激光器接收来自光信号波长之一的附加光。 在接收节点中提供模数转换器（ADC），以将从光电检测器输出的电信号转换为数字形式。 然后在电域中对来自ADC的输出进行滤波，使得各个信道的光解复用是不必要的。

公开(公告)号：US20120082466A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-05

申请号：US12897786

申请日：2010-10-05

申请人： Kuang-Tsan Wu ,  John D. McNicol ,  David F. Welch ,  Stephen G. Grubb ,  Pierre Mertz

发明人： Kuang-Tsan Wu ,  John D. McNicol ,  David F. Welch ,  Stephen G. Grubb ,  Pierre Mertz

IPC分类号： H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H04B10/516 ,  H04B10/2575

摘要： Consistent with the present disclosure, data, in digital form, is received by a transmit nodes of an optical communication, and converted to analog signal by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) to drive a modulator. The modulator, in turn, modulates light at one of a plurality of wavelengths in accordance with the received data. The modulated light is then transmitted over an optical communication path to a receive node. At the receive node, the modulated optical signal, as well as other modulated optical signals are supplied to a photodetector circuit, which receives additional light at one of the optical signal wavelengths from a local oscillator laser. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is provided in the receive node to convert the electrical signals output from the photodetector into digital form. The output from the ADC is then filtered in the electrical domain, such that optical demultiplexing of individual channels is unnecessary.

摘要翻译： 与本公开一致，数字形式的数据由光通信的发射节点接收，并由数模转换器（DAC）转换为模拟信号以驱动调制器。 调制器又根据接收的数据调制多个波长中的一个波长的光。 然后将调制的光通过光通信路径传输到接收节点。 在接收节点处，调制的光信号以及其它调制的光信号被提供给光电检测器电路，光电检测器电路从本地振荡器激光器接收来自光信号波长之一的附加光。 在接收节点中提供模数转换器（ADC），以将从光电检测器输出的电信号转换为数字形式。 然后在电域中对来自ADC的输出进行滤波，使得各个信道的光解复用是不必要的。

公开(公告)号：US20120082453A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-05

申请号：US12897784

申请日：2010-10-05

申请人： Kuang-Tsan Wu ,  John D. McNicol ,  David F. Welch ,  Stephen G. Grubb ,  Pierre Mertz

发明人： Kuang-Tsan Wu ,  John D. McNicol ,  David F. Welch ,  Stephen G. Grubb ,  Pierre Mertz

IPC分类号： H04J14/00

CPC分类号： H04J14/06 ,  H04J14/026 ,  H04L1/007

摘要： Consistent with the present disclosure, data, in digital form, is received by a transmit nodes of an optical communication, and converted to analog signal by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) to drive a modulator. The modulator, in turn, modulates light at one of a plurality of wavelengths in accordance with the received data. The modulated light is then transmitted over an optical communication path to a receive node. At the receive node, the modulated optical signal, as well as other modulated optical signals are supplied to a photodetector circuit, which receives additional light at one of the optical signal wavelengths from a local oscillator laser. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is provided in the receive node to convert the electrical signals output from the photodetector into digital form. The output from the ADC is then filtered in the electrical domain, such that optical demultiplexing of individual channels is unnecessary.

摘要翻译： 与本公开一致，数字形式的数据由光通信的发射节点接收，并由数模转换器（DAC）转换为模拟信号以驱动调制器。 调制器又根据接收的数据调制多个波长中的一个波长的光。 然后将调制的光通过光通信路径传输到接收节点。 在接收节点处，调制的光信号以及其它调制的光信号被提供给光电检测器电路，光电检测器电路从本地振荡器激光器接收来自光信号波长之一的附加光。 在接收节点中提供模数转换器（ADC），以将从光电检测器输出的电信号转换为数字形式。 然后在电域中对来自ADC的输出进行滤波，使得各个信道的光解复用是不必要的。

公开(公告)号：US20110291865A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-01

申请号：US12791694

申请日：2010-06-01

申请人： Han Henry Sun ,  Kuang-Tsan Wu ,  Yuejian Wu ,  Sandy Thomson ,  John D. McNicol ,  David J. Krause

发明人： Han Henry Sun ,  Kuang-Tsan Wu ,  Yuejian Wu ,  Sandy Thomson ,  John D. McNicol ,  David J. Krause

IPC分类号： H03M7/00

CPC分类号： H03H17/0621 ,  H03H17/0685 ,  H03H2017/0298

摘要： A system, method, and apparatus is disclosed for interpolation of an output of an analog to digital converter (ADC) to enable operation of the ADC at a sampling rate that is independent of the sampling rate for a DSP core so as to efficiently enable operation at higher date rates. According to one of the embodiments, an interpolation circuit is coupled between the ADC and DSP core and receives a first plurality of samples of data at the first data rate from the ADC and supplies a plurality of samples of second data at a second data rate to the DSP core; the second data rate being less than the first data rate. According to one of the embodiments, the interpolation circuit includes a memory and a FIR filter circuit having filter tap coefficient values selected to provide attenuation at high frequencies to reduce aliasing noise.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于对模数转换器（ADC）的输出进行插值的系统，方法和装置，以使得能够以独立于DSP核的采样率的采样速率对ADC进行操作，以便有效地使能操作 以较高的日期率。 根据实施例之一，内插电路耦合在ADC和DSP内核之间，并从ADC接收第一数据速率的第一多个数据采样，并将第二数据的多个样本以第二数据速率提供给 DSP内核; 第二数据速率小于第一数据速率。 根据实施例中的一个，内插电路包括存储器和具有滤波器抽头系数值的FIR滤波器电路，该滤波器抽头系数值被选择以在高频率下提供衰减以减少混叠噪声。

公开(公告)号：US20110255875A1

公开(公告)日：2011-10-20

申请号：US12826277

申请日：2010-06-29

申请人： PIERRE MERTZ ,  Kuang-Tsan Wu

发明人： PIERRE MERTZ ,  Kuang-Tsan Wu

IPC分类号： H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H04B10/5161 ,  H04B10/5561

摘要： The present disclosure allows for optical link capacity to be optimized based on transmission parameters, such as amplifier gain, link loss, optical signal-to-noise ratio. For example, optical signals at wavelengths that are susceptible to impairments, such as non-linear effects, or that are not adequately amplified by an optical amplifier, may be modulated in accordance with lower rate/less spectrally efficient modulation formats (“low rate formats”) that are more noise tolerant. On the other hand, those optical signals at wavelengths that are less susceptible to or do not incur such impairments may be modulated in accordance with highly spectrally efficient /higher rate modulation formats (“high rate formats”) that are more noise sensitive. Accordingly, a maximum or optimized capacity may be realized through appropriately choosing, for each channel, a particular modulation format and channel spacing. Such optimized capacity can be readily obtained with adaptive driver circuits.

摘要翻译： 本公开允许基于诸如放大器增益，链路损耗，光信噪比的传输参数优化光链路容量。 例如，可以根据较低速率/较低频谱效率的调制格式（“低速率格式”）来调制易受损害的波长的光信号，例如非线性效应或不被光放大器充分放大的光信号 “），其噪声容忍度更高。 另一方面，可以根据对噪声敏感的高频谱效率/较高速率调制格式（“高速率格式”）来调制不易受到或不引起这种损伤的波长的那些光信号。 因此，可以通过对每个信道适当地选择特定的调制格式和信道间隔来实现最大或优化的容量。 利用自适应驱动电路可以容易地获得这种优化的容量。

公开(公告)号：US07936999B1

公开(公告)日：2011-05-03

申请号：US11533438

申请日：2006-09-20

申请人： Mark Hawryluck ,  Kim B. Roberts ,  Kuang Tsan Wu

发明人： Mark Hawryluck ,  Kim B. Roberts ,  Kuang Tsan Wu

IPC分类号： H04B10/148

CPC分类号： H04L7/0075 ,  H04B10/60 ,  H04B10/61 ,  H04B10/6162 ,  H04B10/6165 ,  H04L7/0004

摘要： In a coherent optical receiver, a method of at least partially compensating Polarization Dependent Loss (PDL) of an optical signal received through an optical communications system. A respective multi-bit sample stream of each one of a pair of orthogonal received polarizations of the optical signal is tapped, and used to derive a respective metric value indicative of a quality of each multi-bit sample stream. A gain of an analog front end of the coherent optical receiver is adjusted based on the derived metric values.

摘要翻译： 在相干光接收机中，至少部分补偿通过光通信系统接收的光信号的偏振相关损耗（PDL）的方法。 光信号的一对正交接收极化中的每一个的相应多位采样流被抽头，并用于导出指示每个多位采样流的质量的相应度量值。 基于导出的度量值来调整相干光接收机的模拟前端的增益。