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公开(公告)号：US5334363A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-02
申请号：US983936
申请日：1992-12-01
申请人： Mark A. Plummer
发明人： Mark A. Plummer
摘要： A process for converting hydrogen sulfide which is contained in a gaseous feed stream to elemental sulfur and hydrogen. The process comprises contacting said gaseous feed stream with a polar organic solvent having an anthraquinone, and optionally a complexing agent, dissolved therein, reacting the hydrogen sulfide gas and anthraquinone to produce sulfur and an anthrahydroquinone in the solvent, and catalytically dehydrogenating the anthrahyroquinone to anthraquinone and hydrogen. In accordance with the present invention, a relatively small quantity of water is added to a polar organic solvent thereby increasing the elemental sulfur which is precipitated and thus recovered. The addition of water prior to or during sulfur production also increases hydrogen product selectivity in the subsequent dehydrogenation of anthrahydroquinone.
摘要翻译： 将气态进料流中包含的硫化氢转化为元素硫和氢的方法。 该方法包括使所述气态进料流与溶解有蒽醌和任选的络合剂的极性有机溶剂接触，使硫化氢气体和蒽醌反应，在溶剂中产生硫和蒽醌，并将蒽醌催化脱氢成蒽醌 和氢气。 根据本发明，将相对少量的水加入到极性有机溶剂中，从而增加沉淀并因此回收的元素硫。 在硫生产之前或期间加入水还可以在随后的蒽氢醌脱氢中提高氢产物的选择性。
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公开(公告)号：US5180572A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-19
申请号：US795408
申请日：1991-11-19
申请人： Mark A. Plummer
发明人： Mark A. Plummer
CPC分类号： B01D53/52 , C01B17/05 , Y02E60/364
摘要： The invention relates to a process for converting hydrogen sulfide to sulfur and hydrogen. The hydrogen sulfide gas is contacted with a quinone in an aqueous solvent containing a sulfur complexing agent to yield sulfur and the corresponding hydroquinone. The hydroquinone is converted back to quinone and hydrogen. The quinone is recycled and the hydrogen gas and sulfur is collected. The invention also discloses a range of ratios of complexing agent to quinone which produces an unexpected yield for the disclosed reaction.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及将硫化氢转化为硫和氢的方法。 硫化氢气体与含有硫络合剂的水性溶剂中的醌接触，得到硫和相应的氢醌。 氢醌转化为醌和氢。 回收醌，收集氢气和硫。 本发明还公开了一系列络合剂与醌的比例，其对于所公开的反应产生意想不到的产率。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4723603A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-09
申请号：US010518
申请日：1987-02-03
申请人： Mark A. Plummer
发明人： Mark A. Plummer
CPC分类号： C09K8/528
摘要： Plugging in fluid passageways of a subterranean hydrocarbon-bearing formation or associated production wells caused by the accumulation of insoluble salt precipitates therein which results from an in situ interaction between precipitate precursor ions in an injection water and resident ions already occurring in the formation is prevented by removing the precursor ions from the injection water by a reverse osmosis membrane before injecting the water into the formation.
摘要翻译： 由于注入水中的沉淀前体离子与已经存在于地层中的驻留离子之间的原位相互作用而导致的不可溶盐析出物积聚引起的地下含烃地层或相关生产井的流体通道被堵塞，由 在将水注入地层之前，通过反渗透膜从注入水中除去前体离子。
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公开(公告)号：US3956372A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-11
申请号：US412062
申请日：1973-11-02
申请人： John R. Coleman, Jr. , Mark A. Plummer , Carle C. Zimmerman, Jr. , Henry J. Pietrzak , Wayne E. Luetzelschwab , Kent W. Robinson , Donald E. Schroeder, Jr.
发明人： John R. Coleman, Jr. , Mark A. Plummer , Carle C. Zimmerman, Jr. , Henry J. Pietrzak , Wayne E. Luetzelschwab , Kent W. Robinson , Donald E. Schroeder, Jr.
IPC分类号： C07C309/62 , C10G33/06 , C07C143/24
CPC分类号： C07C309/62 , C10G33/06
摘要： Petroleum sulfonates useful to impart micellar characteristics to mixtures of hydrocarbon and aqueous medium are obtained by reacting a hydrocarbon gas oil feedstock (average molecular weight 250-700; A/AP aliphatic to aromatic proton) ratio 5-50 moles/mole, 30-100% of the feedstock molecules contain aromatic portions and the A/AP ratio of the aromatic portion being about 3-20 moles/mole) with a solution of EDC (ethylene dichloride) containing 0.1-0.3 lb. liquid SO.sub.3 /lb EDC. The SO.sub.3 concentration is about 0.1-0.3 lb. of SO.sub.3 /lb of gas oil feedstock. Reaction takes place in a back-mix tubular reactor wherein at least about 4 parts of reaction products are recycled per 1 part of reaction products withdrawn and wherein the gas oil feedstock plus recycled reaction products and the SO.sub.3 /EDC streams entering the reaction zone are in turbulent flow. Velocity ratio of the feedstock plus recycled reaction products stream to the SO.sub.3 /EDC stream is at least 4:1, respectively. The withdrawn reaction products are neutralized with an aqueous basic liquid, e.g. aqueous solution, NH.sub.4 OH and thereafter the EDC is recovered from the neutralized reaction products to obtain unextracted sulfonate mix. The unextracted sulfonate mix is extracted with an aqueous alcohol solution to obtain a raffinate phase, an extract phase, and a brine phase; the extract phase is withdrawn and stripped of alcohol and water to obtain the desired petroleum sulfonate.
摘要翻译： 通过使碳氢化合物瓦斯油原料（平均分子量为250-700; A / AP脂族与芳族质子）的比例为5-50摩尔/摩尔，30-100摩尔/摩尔来获得用于赋予烃和水介质混合物胶束特性的石油磺酸盐 原料分子的％含有芳族部分，芳族部分的A / AP比为约3-20摩尔/摩尔）与含有0.1-0.3磅液体SO 3 / lb EDC的EDC（二氯乙烷）溶液。 SO3浓度约为0.1〜0.3磅的SO 3 / lb瓦斯油原料。 在反混合管式反应器中进行反应，其中每1份反应产物中至少约4份反应产物被回收，并且其中瓦斯油原料加再循环反应产物和进入反应区的SO 3 / EDC流在 湍流。 原料加再循环反应产物流与SO3 / EDC料流的速度比分别为至少4：1。 取出的反应产物用碱性水溶液中和，例如 水溶液，NH 4 OH，然后从中和的反应产物中回收EDC，得到未萃取的磺酸盐混合物。 用醇水溶液萃取未萃取的磺酸盐混合物，得到萃余相，萃取相和盐水相; 取出萃取相并除去醇和水，得到所需的石油磺酸盐。
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公开(公告)号：US3951828A
公开(公告)日：1976-04-20
申请号：US420027
申请日：1973-11-29
申请人： Mark A. Plummer
发明人： Mark A. Plummer
CPC分类号： C09K8/584 , Y10S507/938
摘要： The injectivity of micellar dispersions containing wax within the hydrocarbon phase is improved by incorporating into this phase about 0.01-10 percent by weight of a low molecular weight paraffinic hydrocarbon. This invention is especially useful with micellar dispersions obtained from petroleum sulfonates that have been cooled, e.g. to about 40.degree.F., and thereafter heated during injection into a subterranean reservoir for secondary or tertiary oil recovery purposes.
摘要翻译： 通过在该相中加入大约0.01-10重量％的低分子量链烷烃来提高在烃相中含有蜡的胶束分散体的注入性。 本发明特别适用于从已被冷却的石油磺酸盐获得的胶束分散体，例如， 至约40°F，然后在注入期间加热到用于二次或三次采油目的的地下储层中。
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公开(公告)号：US06187172B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-13
申请号：US09317551
申请日：1999-05-24
申请人： Mark A. Plummer
发明人： Mark A. Plummer
IPC分类号： C10C120
CPC分类号： C10C1/20
摘要： Adverse effects of asphaltenes in liquid hydrocarbons are reduced by incorporating into the liquid hydrocarbon sufficient concentration, e.g., about 0.5 to 5 weight % of a dispersant to disassemble or break up agglomerates of the asphaltenes. The dispersant has a polarity of about 0.3 to about 3.2 Debye Units and is preferably selected from the group of toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene, tetralin, furan, phenol, ethyl benzoate, butraldehyde, acetophenone and cyclohexanone.
摘要翻译： 沥青质在液态碳氢化合物中的不利影响是通过将足够浓度的液体烃，例如约0.5至5重量％的分散剂掺入到沥青质的分散体中来降低。 分散剂的极性为约0.3至约3.2德拜单位，并且优选选自甲苯，邻二甲苯，间二甲苯，四氢化萘，呋喃，苯酚，苯甲酸乙酯，丁醛，苯乙酮和环己酮。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4707264A
公开(公告)日：1987-11-17
申请号：US856744
申请日：1986-04-28
申请人： Mark A. Plummer
发明人： Mark A. Plummer
CPC分类号： C10G33/04
摘要： A process for solubilizing asphaltic precipitates when extracting water from a hydrocarbon stream with a glycol-water stream by adding a solvent comprised of a bulk aromatic hydrocarbon and an oil-soluble alcohol dispersant to the hydrocarbon stream.
摘要翻译： 当通过将由本体芳族烃和油溶性醇分散剂组成的溶剂加入到烃流中时，用二醇 - 水流从烃流中提取水时，可溶解沥青沉淀物的方法。
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8.发明授权Sulfonation of crude oils with gaseous SO.sub.3 to produce petroleum sulfonates 失效用气态SO 3磺化原油以生产石油磺酸盐
公开(公告)号：US4614623A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-30
申请号：US734517
申请日：1985-05-16
IPC分类号： C07C303/00 , C09K8/584 , C07C139/00 , C07C143/24
CPC分类号： C07C309/62 , C09K8/584
摘要： Petroleum sulfonates are obtained by continuously contacting whole crude oil or topped crude oil with gaseous sulfur trioxide (contains as a diluent sulfur dioxide and light hydrocarbon vapor) in a reaction zone operated at a temperature of 120.degree.-250.degree. F. and a pressure of 3-50 psia. The reaction product is then passed to a vapor-liquid separating stage where a vapor stream is separated and a portion of it is recycled back to the reaction zone; a liquid stream is separated from the separating stage and a portion of it is recycled back to the reaction zone. The remaining portion of the liquid stream is neutralized with a monovalent inorganic base to obtain the petroleum sulfonate. The petroleum sulfonates are particularly useful to recover crude oil from subterranean reservoirs.
摘要翻译： 石油磺酸盐通过在120〜250°F的温度下运行的反应区域中连续接触全部原油或顶部原油与气态三氧化硫（作为稀释剂二氧化硫和轻质烃蒸气）接触， 3-50磅/平方英寸 然后将反应产物通入蒸气 - 液体分离阶段，蒸汽流分离，其一部分再循环回反应区; 液体流从分离阶段分离，其一部分被循环回到反应区。 液体流的剩余部分用一价无机碱中和，得到石油磺酸盐。 石油磺酸盐特别适用于从地下水库回收原油。
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公开(公告)号：US4560517A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-24
申请号：US180250
申请日：1980-08-22
IPC分类号： C07C303/00 , C09K8/584 , C07C139/00 , C07C143/24
CPC分类号： C07C309/62 , C09K8/584
摘要： Petroleum sulfonates are obtained by continuously contacting whole crude oil or topped crude oil with gaseous sulfur trioxide (contains as a diluent sulfur dioxide and light hydrocarbon vapor) in a reaction zone operated at a temperature of 120.degree.-250.degree. F. and a pressure of 3-50 psia. The reaction product is then passed to a vapor-liquid separating stage where a vapor stream is separated and a portion of it is recycled back to the reaction zone; a liquid stream is separated from the separating stage and a portion of it is recycled back to the reaction zone. The remaining portion of the liquid stream is neutralized with a monovalent inorganic base to obtain the petroleum sulfonate. The petroleum sulfonates are particularly useful to recover crude oil from subterranean reservoirs.
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4557803A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-10
申请号：US627153
申请日：1984-07-02
申请人： Mark A. Plummer
发明人： Mark A. Plummer
摘要： A process for producing lower molecular weight products from higher molecular weight hydrocarbon liquid feedstock components is provided wherein the feedstock is contacted with an optimum catalyst comprising a molten salt of a tetrachloroaluminate. Selection of the optimum catalyst is based on the electronegativity of the tetrachloroaluminate catalyst cation.
摘要翻译： 提供了从较高分子量烃液体原料组分生产较低分子量产物的方法，其中原料与包含四氯铝酸盐的熔融盐的最佳催化剂接触。 选择最佳催化剂是基于四氯铝酸盐催化剂阳离子的电负性。
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