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公开(公告)号：US3956372A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-11
申请号：US412062
申请日：1973-11-02
申请人： John R. Coleman, Jr. , Mark A. Plummer , Carle C. Zimmerman, Jr. , Henry J. Pietrzak , Wayne E. Luetzelschwab , Kent W. Robinson , Donald E. Schroeder, Jr.
发明人： John R. Coleman, Jr. , Mark A. Plummer , Carle C. Zimmerman, Jr. , Henry J. Pietrzak , Wayne E. Luetzelschwab , Kent W. Robinson , Donald E. Schroeder, Jr.
IPC分类号： C07C309/62 , C10G33/06 , C07C143/24
CPC分类号： C07C309/62 , C10G33/06
摘要： Petroleum sulfonates useful to impart micellar characteristics to mixtures of hydrocarbon and aqueous medium are obtained by reacting a hydrocarbon gas oil feedstock (average molecular weight 250-700; A/AP aliphatic to aromatic proton) ratio 5-50 moles/mole, 30-100% of the feedstock molecules contain aromatic portions and the A/AP ratio of the aromatic portion being about 3-20 moles/mole) with a solution of EDC (ethylene dichloride) containing 0.1-0.3 lb. liquid SO.sub.3 /lb EDC. The SO.sub.3 concentration is about 0.1-0.3 lb. of SO.sub.3 /lb of gas oil feedstock. Reaction takes place in a back-mix tubular reactor wherein at least about 4 parts of reaction products are recycled per 1 part of reaction products withdrawn and wherein the gas oil feedstock plus recycled reaction products and the SO.sub.3 /EDC streams entering the reaction zone are in turbulent flow. Velocity ratio of the feedstock plus recycled reaction products stream to the SO.sub.3 /EDC stream is at least 4:1, respectively. The withdrawn reaction products are neutralized with an aqueous basic liquid, e.g. aqueous solution, NH.sub.4 OH and thereafter the EDC is recovered from the neutralized reaction products to obtain unextracted sulfonate mix. The unextracted sulfonate mix is extracted with an aqueous alcohol solution to obtain a raffinate phase, an extract phase, and a brine phase; the extract phase is withdrawn and stripped of alcohol and water to obtain the desired petroleum sulfonate.
摘要翻译： 通过使碳氢化合物瓦斯油原料（平均分子量为250-700; A / AP脂族与芳族质子）的比例为5-50摩尔/摩尔，30-100摩尔/摩尔来获得用于赋予烃和水介质混合物胶束特性的石油磺酸盐 原料分子的％含有芳族部分，芳族部分的A / AP比为约3-20摩尔/摩尔）与含有0.1-0.3磅液体SO 3 / lb EDC的EDC（二氯乙烷）溶液。 SO3浓度约为0.1〜0.3磅的SO 3 / lb瓦斯油原料。 在反混合管式反应器中进行反应，其中每1份反应产物中至少约4份反应产物被回收，并且其中瓦斯油原料加再循环反应产物和进入反应区的SO 3 / EDC流在 湍流。 原料加再循环反应产物流与SO3 / EDC料流的速度比分别为至少4：1。 取出的反应产物用碱性水溶液中和，例如 水溶液，NH 4 OH，然后从中和的反应产物中回收EDC，得到未萃取的磺酸盐混合物。 用醇水溶液萃取未萃取的磺酸盐混合物，得到萃余相，萃取相和盐水相; 取出萃取相并除去醇和水，得到所需的石油磺酸盐。
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2.发明授权Sulfonation of crude oils with gaseous SO.sub.3 to produce petroleum sulfonates 失效用气态SO 3磺化原油以生产石油磺酸盐
公开(公告)号：US4614623A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-30
申请号：US734517
申请日：1985-05-16
IPC分类号： C07C303/00 , C09K8/584 , C07C139/00 , C07C143/24
CPC分类号： C07C309/62 , C09K8/584
摘要： Petroleum sulfonates are obtained by continuously contacting whole crude oil or topped crude oil with gaseous sulfur trioxide (contains as a diluent sulfur dioxide and light hydrocarbon vapor) in a reaction zone operated at a temperature of 120.degree.-250.degree. F. and a pressure of 3-50 psia. The reaction product is then passed to a vapor-liquid separating stage where a vapor stream is separated and a portion of it is recycled back to the reaction zone; a liquid stream is separated from the separating stage and a portion of it is recycled back to the reaction zone. The remaining portion of the liquid stream is neutralized with a monovalent inorganic base to obtain the petroleum sulfonate. The petroleum sulfonates are particularly useful to recover crude oil from subterranean reservoirs.
摘要翻译： 石油磺酸盐通过在120〜250°F的温度下运行的反应区域中连续接触全部原油或顶部原油与气态三氧化硫（作为稀释剂二氧化硫和轻质烃蒸气）接触， 3-50磅/平方英寸 然后将反应产物通入蒸气 - 液体分离阶段，蒸汽流分离，其一部分再循环回反应区; 液体流从分离阶段分离，其一部分被循环回到反应区。 液体流的剩余部分用一价无机碱中和，得到石油磺酸盐。 石油磺酸盐特别适用于从地下水库回收原油。
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公开(公告)号：US4560517A
公开(公告)日：1985-12-24
申请号：US180250
申请日：1980-08-22
IPC分类号： C07C303/00 , C09K8/584 , C07C139/00 , C07C143/24
CPC分类号： C07C309/62 , C09K8/584
摘要： Petroleum sulfonates are obtained by continuously contacting whole crude oil or topped crude oil with gaseous sulfur trioxide (contains as a diluent sulfur dioxide and light hydrocarbon vapor) in a reaction zone operated at a temperature of 120.degree.-250.degree. F. and a pressure of 3-50 psia. The reaction product is then passed to a vapor-liquid separating stage where a vapor stream is separated and a portion of it is recycled back to the reaction zone; a liquid stream is separated from the separating stage and a portion of it is recycled back to the reaction zone. The remaining portion of the liquid stream is neutralized with a monovalent inorganic base to obtain the petroleum sulfonate. The petroleum sulfonates are particularly useful to recover crude oil from subterranean reservoirs.
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4.发明授权Flooding with micellar dispersions containing petroleum sulfonates obtained by sulfonating whole or topped crude oil 失效含有通过磺化全部或顶部原油获得的石油磺酸盐的胶束分散体浸没
公开(公告)号：US4013125A
公开(公告)日：1977-03-22
申请号：US562519
申请日：1975-03-27
CPC分类号： E21B43/20 , C09K8/584 , Y10S507/938
摘要： Flooding of a subterranean formation with micellar dispersions containing petroleum sulfonates obtained by sulfonating whole or topped crude oil is improved through the use of a micellar dispersion of a predetermined viscosity containing an amount of cosurfactant in excess of that required to cause the micellar dispersion to have the highest viscosity possible for the particular micellar dispersion with the particular cosurfactant used. Preferably, the cosurfactant is an alcohol and the cosurfactant concentration is sufficiently high to control the micellar dispersion to have a predetermined mobility when injected into a hydrocarbon-bearing formation.
摘要翻译： 通过使用含有一定量的辅助表面活性剂的预定粘度的胶束分散体，超过使引起胶束分散体所需的粘度分散体的胶束分散体，使含有通过磺化全部或顶部原油获得的石油磺酸盐的胶束分散体的地下地层的浸没得到改善 使用特定辅助表面活性剂对于特定胶束分散体具有最高的粘度。 优选地，辅助表面活性剂是醇，并且辅助表面活性剂浓度足够高以控制胶束分散体在注入含烃地层时具有预定的迁移率。
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5.发明授权Method for oil recovery by flooding with micellar dispersions containing crude oil sulfonates 失效通过含有原油磺酸盐的胶束分散体浸油进行油回收的方法
公开(公告)号：US3964548A
公开(公告)日：1976-06-22
申请号：US562520
申请日：1975-03-27
CPC分类号： C09K8/584 , Y10S507/938
摘要： Improved oil recovery by flooding subterranean formations with micellar dispersions; comprised of hydrocarbon, water, cosurfactant, electrolyte, and petroleum sulfonate obtained by sulfonating whole or topped crude oil; is obtained by incorporating within the micellar dispersion about 1.5 to about 4.5 wt. % of active sulfonate groups (e.g. --SO.sub.3 NH.sub.4 or --SO.sub.3 Na) which are attached to the petroleum sulfonate. The micellar dispersions of this invention contain an amount of cosurfactant in excess of the amount required to produce a viscosity maximum with the particular micellar dispersion.
摘要翻译： 通过用胶束分散体淹没地下地层改善油回收; 包括通过磺化全部或顶部原油获得的烃，水，辅助表面活性剂，电解质和石油磺酸盐; 通过在胶束分散体中引入约1.5至约4.5wt。 ％的连接到石油磺酸盐的活性磺酸盐基团（例如-SO 3 NH 4或-SO 3 Na）。 本发明的胶束分散体含有超过特定胶束分散体产生粘度最大值所需量的辅助表面活性剂量。
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公开(公告)号：US4144266A
公开(公告)日：1979-03-13
申请号：US376657
申请日：1973-07-05
IPC分类号： C07C309/62 , C07C143/24
CPC分类号： C07C309/62 , C10G17/08 , Y10S507/938 , Y10S516/03
摘要： Petroleum sulfonates are obtained by treating whole crude oil or topped crude oil or mixtures thereof with sulfur trioxide, removing unreacted hydrocarbon, e.g., by addition of water, and neutralizing the sulfonic acids formed with a base, e.g., sodium hydroxide or ammonia. The products have particular utility for the preparation of micellar systems for use in secondary-type petroleum recovery.
摘要翻译： 石油磺酸盐是通过用三氧化硫处理全部原油或顶部原油或其混合物，除去未反应的烃，例如通过加入水，和中和由碱例如氢氧化钠或氨形成的磺酸得到的。 该产品具有用于制备用于二次石油回收的胶束体系的特殊用途。
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公开(公告)号：US4510397A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-09
申请号：US515407
申请日：1983-07-20
CPC分类号： G05D7/0676
摘要： Flow control of diluted polymer solutions is effected by utilizing positive-displacement flow devices such as gear pumps to withdraw flow energy in the form of shaft work. Control is obtained by varying the nature and amount of shaft work withdrawn, such as by operation of an electrical generating system, and the work so created may be used to provide operating power to a control system.
摘要翻译： 稀释的聚合物溶液的流量控制通过利用诸如齿轮泵的正排量流动装置来实现，从而以轴工作的形式提取流动能量。 通过改变提取的轴作业的性质和数量，例如通过发电系统的操作来获得控制，并且所创建的工作可用于向控制系统提供操作功率。
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公开(公告)号：US4464509A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-07
申请号：US515402
申请日：1983-07-20
CPC分类号： C09K8/588 , B01J19/26 , C08F8/44 , B01J2219/00105 , B01J2219/00164
摘要： Apparatus and method of preparing a partially hydrolyzed polymer solution, especially a partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide solution, for use in secondary and tertiary oil recovery operations which involves the in-line introduction of a relatively concentrated solution of a hydrolyzing agent into a polymer stream having a relatively high concentration of the polymer, and thereafter intimately mixing, under heat, the polymer stream and the hydrolyzing agent while controlling the flow rate of the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture is then held in a post hydrolysis tank where the reaction is allowed to go to completion.
摘要翻译： 制备用于二次和三次采油操作的部分水解聚合物溶液，特别是部分水解的聚丙烯酰胺溶液的装置和方法，其涉及将相对浓缩的水解剂溶液直接引入具有相对 高浓度的聚合物，然后在加热下，将聚合物流和水解剂充分混合，同时控制反应混合物的流速。 然后将反应混合物保持在后水解槽中，允许反应完成。
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公开(公告)号：US06253851B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-03
申请号：US09399135
申请日：1999-09-20
IPC分类号： E21B4304
CPC分类号： E21B43/267 , E21B43/045
摘要： This invention relates to a method of completing a well that penetrates a subterranean formation and more particularly to a method for screen placement during proppant packing of formation perforations or fractures created by hydraulic fracturing techniques. The top of the screen is placed at a sufficient distance below the top of the perforations such that the frac pack pumping rate does not bridge off at the top of the screen when the frac pack is being pumped.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种完成渗透地下地层的井的方法，更具体地说涉及一种用于通过水力压裂技术产生的地层穿孔或裂缝的支撑剂填料期间的筛网放置方法。 屏幕的顶部放置在穿孔顶部足够的距离处，使得当压缩压缩机组被泵送时，压缩机组泵送速率在屏幕的顶部不会离开。
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公开(公告)号：US5269375A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-14
申请号：US920750
申请日：1992-07-28
CPC分类号： E21B43/025 , E21B43/045
摘要： A method of gravel packing a well. A flow-reducing material is introduced into the annulus between a tubular liner and the well bore so as to collect at the perforations in the well bore and the apertures in the liner. This slows gravel slurry flow to the screen inner annulus and to the perforations to prevent gravel from bridging the annulus at these locations. The material is removed after the risk of bridging has passed. Various flow-reducing materials, such as wax flakes, salt, clay and gel, may be employed. The method is particularly useful in deviated wells.
摘要翻译： 一种砾石包装井的方法。 将减流材料引入到管状衬垫和井眼之间的环形空间中，以便收集在井眼中的穿孔和衬套中的孔中。 这减缓了砾石浆料流向筛网内环和穿孔，以防止砾石在这些位置处桥接环形空间。 在桥接的风险已经过去之后，材料被移除。 可以使用各种减少流动性的材料，例如蜡片，盐，粘土和凝胶。 该方法在偏斜井中特别有用。
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