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公开(公告)号：US20140121359A1
公开(公告)日：2014-05-01
申请号：US14066985
申请日：2013-10-30
IPC分类号： C07G1/00
CPC分类号： C07G1/00
摘要： There are provided processes for recovering a “heart-cut” liquid-lignin fraction from a lignin-containing stream such as a black liquor stream from a paper making process or the crude lignin stream within a non-destructive biomass conversion process by carbonating, acidifying and recovering the liquid-lignin fraction. The processes generally include reacting black liquor with a carefully selected amount of carbon dioxide (CO2), to decrementally reduce the pH of the black liquor and produce fractions of a dense liquid-lignin precipitate at each pH decrement to about a pH of 8. The sequential reduction in pH is less than or equal to about 1.5 in most embodiments, less than 1.0 in other embodiments, and less than 0.50 in still other embodiments. It has been discovered that lignin recovered from the dense liquid-lignin precipitate at the different pH decrements can have different molecular weight ranges and/or structures. This process provides an improved lignin with a more narrow distribution of molecular weight, melt point, and chemical structure that is more suitable for high-value polymer applications.
摘要翻译： 提供了从含有木质素的物流（例如来自造纸工艺的黑液流）或非破坏性生物质转化过程中的粗木质素流中回收“心切”液体木质素部分的方法，该方法是通过碳酸化，酸化 并回收液态木质素馏分。 方法通常包括使黑液与仔细选择量的二氧化碳（CO 2）反应，以逐渐降低黑液的pH并在每个pH降低至约pH8时产生致密的液体 - 木质素沉淀物的馏分。 在大多数实施方案中，pH的连续降低小于或等于约1.5，在其它实施方案中小于1.0，在其它实施方案中小于0.50。 已经发现，在不同pH降低下从致密液体木质素沉淀回收的木质素可以具有不同的分子量范围和/或结构。 该方法提供了更加适用于高价值聚合物应用的分子量，熔点和化学结构分布更窄的木质素。
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2.发明授权Supercritical fluid explosion process to aid fractionation of lipids from biomass 有权超临界流体爆炸过程有助于从生物质中分离脂质公开(公告)号：US08148559B1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-03
申请号：US12200212
申请日：2008-08-28
申请人： Terry H. Walker , Meidui Dong , Keri B. Cantrell , Mark C. Thies
发明人： Terry H. Walker , Meidui Dong , Keri B. Cantrell , Mark C. Thies
IPC分类号： C07F9/02
CPC分类号： C11B1/104 , C11C3/003 , C12M47/06 , C12P7/6472 , Y02P20/544
摘要： Disclosed are processes for development and recovery of lipids from biomass. A plant or microorganism-based biomass can be developed to encourage a desired lipid profile. Following development, ecologically friendly normally gaseous fluids such as carbon dioxide can be pressurized to a supercritical state followed by rapid expansion. The fluid is first contacted with a biomass source including oil-containing microorganisms and/or agricultural products. For instance, fungi or algae can be bioconverted from another biomass sources such as canola seed or corn syrup and then contacted with the high pressure fluid. During a contact period, the fluid can diffuse into the biomass, and in particular through the cell walls of the biomass. The fluid undergoes rapid release of pressure and opens the cell structure for improved release of oil. The fluid can optionally be utilized for extraction following the explosion process. For instance, the fluid can be re-pressurized in the same vessel for extraction processes.
摘要翻译： 公开了从生物质开发和回收脂质的方法。 可以开发植物或基于微生物的生物质以促进所需的脂质分布。 在开发之后，生态友好的常规气态流体如二氧化碳可以被加压到超临界状态，随后快速膨胀。 流体首先与包括含油微生物和/或农产品的生物质源接触。 例如，真菌或藻类可以从另一种生物质源如卡诺拉种子或玉米糖浆生物转化，然后与高压流体接触。 在接触期间，流体可以扩散到生物质中，特别是通过生物质的细胞壁扩散。 流体经受快速释放的压力并打开电池结构以改善油的释放。 在爆炸过程之后，流体可以任选地用于萃取。 例如，流体可以在相同的容器中再加压用于萃取过程。
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公开(公告)号：US5512231A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-30
申请号：US378705
申请日：1995-01-26
摘要： A process for preparing cellulose acetate articles such as fibers. The process includes the following steps: Cellulose acetate is dissolved in a solvent to form a solution, the solvent made up of from 5% to 50% by weight of carbon dioxide and from 95% to 50% of a compatible solvent such as acetone. The solvent is above the supercritical conditions of CO.sub.2. The solution is filtrated of insoluble matter and extended to form a fiber or similar article.
摘要翻译： 一种制备纤维素醋酸酯制品如纤维的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：将乙酸纤维素溶于溶剂中形成溶液，溶剂由5％至50％重量的二氧化碳和95％至50％的相容溶剂如丙酮组成。 溶剂高于二氧化碳的超临界条件。 将溶液过滤不溶物并延伸以形成纤维或类似物品。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5097012A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-17
申请号：US468582
申请日：1990-01-23
CPC分类号： C11B13/005 , C11B3/14 , C11C1/08 , Y02W30/74
摘要： A process for producing increased concentrations of valuable neutrals such as sterols and tocopherols from fatty and/or resin acid-containing streams, such as tall oil and vegetable oil distillate, employs liquid water at elevated temperatures and pressures. The neutrals are concentrated by extracting fatty acids as well as resin acids of high purity. Temperature-dependent solubility differences allow for the further separation of resin acids from fatty acids.
摘要翻译： 从含脂肪和/或含树脂酸的物流（如妥尔油和植物油馏出物）中生产增加浓度的有价值的中和物如固醇和生育酚的方法在升高的温度和压力下使用液态水。 通过提取脂肪酸以及高纯度的树脂酸浓缩中和体。 温度依赖性溶解度差异允许树脂酸与脂肪酸进一步分离。
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