公开(公告)号：US5567546A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-22

申请号：US489292

申请日：1995-06-09

申请人： Martha Maly-Schreiber ,  Josef Michel

发明人： Martha Maly-Schreiber ,  Josef Michel

IPC分类号： C08L85/02 ,  H01M4/66 ,  H01M6/18 ,  H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/0565 ,  H01M6/04

CPC分类号： H01M10/052 ,  H01M10/0565 ,  H01M4/66 ,  H01M4/668 ,  H01M6/181 ,  Y02E60/122

摘要： An ion conductor for electrochemical cells, comprising an alkali metal salt or a mixture of alkali metal salts, and mixed therewith on oligomer and/or polymer (hereinafter referred to simply as "polymers"), having at least one phosphazene base unit. The polymers are chemically stable with respect to the constituents of the ion conductor, and have an inorganic atom or an inorganic compound positioned at the phosphorous atom of at least one phosphazene base unit thereof. To form the ion conductor the alkali metal salts are heated to the melting temperature and the alkali metal salts, preferably fused to a low viscosity state, are admixed with the polymers which are dissolved in the alkali metal salt melt.

摘要翻译： 一种用于电化学电池的离子导体，其包含碱金属盐或碱金属盐的混合物，并与低聚物和/或聚合物（以下简称为“聚合物”）混合，其具有至少一个磷腈基单元。 聚合物相对于离子导体的组分是化学稳定的，并且具有位于其至少一个磷腈基单元的磷原子处的无机原子或无机化合物。 为了形成离子导体，将碱金属盐加热至熔融温度，并将优选熔融至低粘度状态的碱金属盐与溶解在碱金属盐熔体中的聚合物混合。

公开(公告)号：US5549981A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-27

申请号：US406477

申请日：1995-03-20

申请人： Martha Maly-Schreiber ,  Robert A. Huggins

发明人： Martha Maly-Schreiber ,  Robert A. Huggins

IPC分类号： H01M2/02 ,  H01M2/14 ,  H01M2/34 ,  H01M6/50 ,  H01M10/36 ,  H01M10/38 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M10/44 ,  H01M14/00

CPC分类号： H01M10/42 ,  H01M2/14 ,  H01M2200/00

摘要： The invention relates to an electrochemical storage device having a plurality of serially connected individual cells, each of the individual cells having two spatially separated electrodes, between which an electrolyte and an intermediate part ensuring the spacing of the electrodes is arranged. In the interior of the storage device, each individual cell has a protective element which is formed from a solid material having a nonlinear current/voltage characteristic curve, and which makes electrical contact with the positive and the negative electrode within the individual cell and provides a voltage-dependent electrical connection between said electrodes. The electrical resistance of the protective element above a critical voltage is smaller, and below the critical voltage larger, than the resistance present between the electrodes at the respective voltages without the protective element. To protect the individual cells against overcharging, the critical voltage is smaller than the decomposition voltage of the associated individual cell.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有多个串联连接的单个电池的电化学存储装置，每个单个电池具有两个空间分离的电极，其间布置确保电极间隔的电解质和中间部分。 在存储装置的内部，每个单体电池具有保护元件，该保护元件由具有非线性电流/电压特性曲线的固体材料形成，并且与个体电池内的正极和负极电接触， 所述电极之间的电压依赖性电连接。 高于临界电压的保护元件的电阻比没有保护元件的各个电压下的电极之间的电阻更大，并且低于临界电压。 为了保护单个电池免受过度充电，临界电压小于相关单独电池的分解电压。

公开(公告)号：US5811207A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-22

申请号：US616002

申请日：1996-03-14

申请人： Martha Maly-Schreiber ,  Aronld van Zyl ,  Josef Ritter ,  Reinhold Hilpert

发明人： Martha Maly-Schreiber ,  Aronld van Zyl ,  Josef Ritter ,  Reinhold Hilpert

IPC分类号： B01J35/00 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/50 ,  H01M4/505 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/02

CPC分类号： H01M4/505 ,  B01J35/0033 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/0416 ,  H01M4/0433 ,  H01M4/0471 ,  H01M4/8807 ,  Y02P70/54 ,  Y10T29/49108

摘要： The invention relates to a charge exchange body with a large active surface as well as the method for its manufacture. The porous supporting structure of the charge exchange body is made of granular structural material, with the average diameter of the grains of the structural material being smaller than 1 .mu.m, especially smaller than 250 nm, and with the grain size differing by a maximum of 40% from its statistical average in more than 60% of the grains of the structural material. In order to make such grains, a dispersion is mixed with biochemical hollow bodies that have an inside diameter according to the above requirements. Salts are added to the dispersion and dissolve therein to form structural ions, with the structural ion being an ion of an element required for the structural material, or a corresponding compound. The structural ions are arranged in the closed cavity of the hollow body, with the grains of the structural material or a preproduct of corresponding shape being formed with them and released by removal of the shells of the hollow bodies.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有大活性表面的电荷交换体及其制造方法。 电荷交换体的多孔支撑结构由粒状结构材料制成，结构材料的晶粒的平均直径小于1μm，特别是小于250nm，晶粒尺寸不同于 40％来自其统计平均值超过60％的结构材料颗粒。 为了制造这样的颗粒，将分散体与根据上述要求具有内径的生化中空体混合。 将盐加入到分散体中并溶解在其中以形成结构离子，结构离子是结构材料所需元素的离子或相应的化合物。 结构离子布置在中空体的封闭空腔中，结构材料的颗粒或相应形状的前产物与它们形成并且通​​过去除中空体的壳释放。

公开(公告)号：US5980787A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-09

申请号：US108964

申请日：1998-07-02

申请人： Martha Maly-Schreiber ,  Arnold van Zyl ,  Josef Ritter ,  Reinhold Hilpert

发明人： Martha Maly-Schreiber ,  Arnold van Zyl ,  Josef Ritter ,  Reinhold Hilpert

IPC分类号： H01C7/10 ,  H01C7/105 ,  H01M2/16 ,  H01M2/34 ,  H01M6/50 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01B1/08 ,  C01G1/02

CPC分类号： H01M10/4235 ,  H01C7/105 ,  H01M2/16 ,  H01M2/1646 ,  H01M2200/00 ,  Y10S423/14

摘要： A protective element for an electrochemical accumulator is made of granular varistor material, the mean diameter of the grains of the varistor material being less than 1 .mu.m, in particular less than 250 nm and, for more than 60% of the grains of the varistor material, the grain size deviating by at most 40% from its statistical average. For the preparation of such grains, a dispersion is made up to form biochemical hollow bodies which have an internal diameter in accordance with the above requirements. The dispersion is admixed with salts which dissolve in the dispersion with the formation of intermediate ions of a substance forming an intermediate for a varistor material, the intermediate ion of a substance forming an intermediate for a varistor material being an intermediate ion of an element required for the varistor material or of a corresponding compound. The intermediate ions of a substance forming an intermediate for a varistor material are positioned in the enclosed void of the hollow bodies, being used to form the grains of the varistor material or an intermediate of corresponding shape, which are released by removing the sheath of the hollow bodies.

摘要翻译： 用于电化学蓄电池的保护元件由粒状变阻器材料制成，压敏电阻材料的晶粒的平均直径小于1μm，特别是小于250nm，对于超过60％的变阻器晶粒， 材料的晶粒尺寸与其统计平均值相差最多为40％。 为了制备这种颗粒，制成分散体以形成具有根据上述要求的内径的生化中空体。 将分散体与溶解在分散体中的盐形成中间体形成用于变阻器材料的中间体的物质，形成用于变阻器材料的中间体的物质的中间离子是所需元素的中间离子 变阻器材料或相应的化合物。 形成用于变阻器材料的中间体的物质的中间离子位于中空体的封闭空间中，用于形成可变电阻材料的颗粒或相应形状的中间体，其通过除去 中空体。