公开(公告)号：US4601389A

公开(公告)日：1986-07-22

申请号：US652146

申请日：1984-09-17

申请人： Michael A. Minovitch

发明人： Michael A. Minovitch

IPC分类号： B65G15/08 ,  B65G15/60 ,  B66B21/10 ,  B65G17/00

CPC分类号： B65G15/60 ,  B65G15/08 ,  B66B21/10 ,  B65G2201/04

摘要： An enclosed tubular continuous mechanical conveying system and method are provided for transporting bulk material or passengers at high speed along straight, curved or twisting paths with unlimited length in three-dimensional space. The conveying medium is a moving endless flexible toroidal surface that is elongated along the direction of motion. The inner surface of the toroid forms a moving enclosed duct that comprises the carrying portion of the surface while the outer portion forms another duct that moves in the opposite direction which encloses the inner duct and comprises the return run of the surface. A rigid, duct-like structure, is mounted inside the moving surface to maintain its shape. The surface is constructed with an elastic material to enable it to move around the rigid inner duct without tearing. The moving surface is mounted inside a rigid protective outer duct which completely encloses the conveyor. Driving means is provided for continuously moving the conveying surface around the inner duct structure. The carrying surface can be supported by a cushion of air trapped inside the toroidal surface or by a magnetic suspension system or by a slider-bed or roller-bed suspension system attached to the rigid inner duct.

摘要翻译： 提供一种封闭的管状连续机械输送系统和方法，用于以三维空间中的无限长度的直线，弯曲或扭转路径高速运输散装物料或乘客。 输送介质是沿着运动方向伸长的移动的环形柔性环形表面。 环形面的内表面形成一个移动的封闭管道，其包括表面的承载部分，而外部部分形成另一个沿包围内部管道的相反方向移动的管道，并且包括表面的返回流程。 刚性的管状结构安装在移动表面内部以保持其形状。 该表面由弹性材料构成，以使其能够在刚性内管周围移动而不会撕裂。 移动表面安装在完全包围输送机的刚性保护外管内。 提供驱动装置，用于使传送表面围绕内部管道结构连续移动。 承载表面可以被困在环形表面内部的空气缓冲垫或者通过磁悬浮系统或附着在刚性内管上的滑动床或滚筒悬架系统支撑。

公开(公告)号：US4075948A

公开(公告)日：1978-02-28

申请号：US438230

申请日：1974-01-31

申请人： Michael A. Minovitch

发明人： Michael A. Minovitch

IPC分类号： B60L13/00 ,  B60L13/04 ,  B61B13/10 ,  H01F7/02 ,  H02K41/00

CPC分类号： B60L13/04 ,  B60L13/006 ,  B61B13/10 ,  H01F7/0236 ,  H02K41/00 ,  B60L2200/26 ,  Y02T30/30 ,  Y10S505/905 ,  Y10S505/908

摘要： A rapid transit system in which a vehicle, typically consisting of a train of detachably coupled cars, is suspended in a vacuum tunnel with at least two sloping reaches from a ferromagnetic monorail of high resistivity by magnetic attraction and propelled by gravity. Servo-controlled electromagnets allow the vehicle to be suspended from the rail without actually being in contact with it or any other part of the tunnel. Propulsion by gravity from one station to the next is accomplished by allowing the vehicle to coast frictionlessly down one sloping reach of the tunnel during which time it is automatically accelerated, leveling off at the horizontal reach at some cruising depth where it coasts along at an essentially constant maximum speed, and then moving up the next sloping reach toward the second station during which time it is automatically decelerated, and finally stopping at the station where the original elevation is reached. When moving from one station to another station at a lower elevation, the excess kinetic energy is recovered by regenerative braking and stored in flywheel alternator-motor energy storage units to be used later in electric motors that enable the vehicle to move from one station to another station at a higher elevation, eventually returning to the original elevation.

摘要翻译： 一种快速运输系统，其中通常由可拆卸地连接的轿厢的列车组成的车辆通过磁吸引力并由重力推动的具有高电阻率的铁磁单轨铁索悬挂在具有至少两个倾斜的到达的真空隧道中。 伺服控制的电磁铁允许车辆从轨道悬挂而不实际与其或隧道的任何其他部分接触。 通过重力从一个站到下一个的推进是通过允许车辆沿着隧道的一个倾斜距离无摩擦地向下滑行的，在该时间段期间，它被自动加速，在一些巡航深度处的水平距离处平整，其中它基本上沿着 恒定的最大速度，然后将下一个倾斜的距离向上移动到第二站，在此期间自动减速，最后在到达原始高程的站停止。 当从一个站移动到较低高度的另一个站时，过量的动能通过再生制动恢复并存储在飞轮交流发电机 - 电动机储能单元中，以便稍后在电动机中使用，使车辆能够从一个站移动到另一个站 站在较高的高度，最终恢复原来的高程。

公开(公告)号：US5271583A

公开(公告)日：1993-12-21

申请号：US881300

申请日：1992-05-12

申请人： Michael A. Minovitch

发明人： Michael A. Minovitch

IPC分类号： B29C53/68 ,  B29C53/74 ,  B64G99/00 ,  B65H81/00 ,  B64G1/10

CPC分类号： B65H81/00 ,  B29C53/68 ,  B29C53/74 ,  B64G9/00

摘要： A high-speed automated method and operating system is disclosed for constructing continuous-walled tubular structures in space having unlimited dimensions. The system comprises a relatively short tubular conveyor with a flexible endless conveying surface sliding in a longitudinal direction around a smooth cylindrical inner guide tube, and a plurality of wrapping wheels containing wrapping material moving in transverse directions. By moving the conveyor and simultaneously moving the wrapping wheels around the conveyor, sheets of material are wrapped around the outer conveying surface made firm by the inner guide tube to continuously manufacture a rigid multi-layered laminated walled cylindrical structure with an inside diameter equal to the outside diameter of the tubular conveyor. By varying the conveyor speed-to-wrapping wheel speed ratio, any wall thickness is obtained. The wrapping material is rolled into spools, mounted inside cartridges, and loaded into the wrapping wheels for easy insertion and replacement. Thus, the manufacturing process can be continued indefinitely to obtain a tubular structure having any dimensions desired. Since the sheets of wrapping material are transported to orbit in rolls with very high packing density, the machine can construct huge structures in orbit with relatively few trips.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在具有无限尺寸的空间中构造连续壁管状结构的高速自动化方法和操作系统。 该系统包括相对短的管状输送机，其具有围绕光滑的圆柱形内导管沿纵向滑动的柔性环形输送表面，以及包含沿横向移动的包裹材料的多个包装轮。 通过移动输送机并同时将包裹轮围绕输送机移动，片材被包裹在由内引导管制成的外输送表面周围，以连续地制造具有等于内径的内径的刚性多层层压壁圆柱形结构 管状输送机的外径。 通过改变传送带速度与包装轮的速度比，可获得任何壁厚。 将包装材料卷成卷轴，安装在筒内，并装入包装轮中以便于插入和更换。 因此，制造过程可以无限期地持续以获得具有所需尺寸的管状结构。 由于包装材料片以非常高的包装密度被运送到滚动轨道上，所以机器可以以相对较少的行程在轨道上构造巨大的结构。

公开(公告)号：US5093313A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-03

申请号：US550385

申请日：1990-07-10

申请人： Michael A. Minovitch

发明人： Michael A. Minovitch

IPC分类号： F41B6/00

CPC分类号： F41B6/00

摘要： A reusable and regenerative electromagnetic propulsion method and operating system is provided for propelling high mass payloads to orbital velocities which does not require a vacuum environment. The propulsion system comprises a self supporting superconducting dipole coil several kilometers in diamater that is accelerated by magnetic repulsive forces generated by a plurality of giant superconducting field coils mounted in the underground tunnels. The propulsion dipole is mounted inside a circular hypersonic wing-like structure equipped with movable aerodyanmic control surfaces for guidance. The propulsion system can accelerate a payload with any desired launch azimuth by accelerating along a line of magnetic induction generated by the field coils having the desired azimuth angle. The payload is attached to the propulsion system by a plurality of cables. After reaching orbital velocity, the payload is detached from the propulsion system and the propulsion system is decelerated back to the earth's surface by magnetic repulsive forces generated by the field coils. A large fraction of the orbital energy of the propulsion system is reconverted back into electrical energy by the inductive coupling between the magnetically decelerated propulsion coil and the field coils which is used to launch another payload.

摘要翻译： 提供了可重复使用和再生的电磁推进方法和操作系统，用于将高质量有效载荷推进到不需要真空环境的轨道速度。 该推进系统包括一个自支撑的超导偶极子线圈，在直径为几公里的环境中，由安装在地下隧道中的多个巨型超导场线圈产生的磁排斥力加速。 推进偶极子安装在一个圆形超音速翼状结构内，配有可移动的空气控制面，用于引导。 推进系统可以通过沿着具有所需方位角的励磁线圈产生的磁感应线加速，来加速具有任何所需发射方位的有效载荷。 有效载荷通过多根电缆连接到推进系统。 达到轨道速度后，有效载荷与推进系统分离，推进系统通过励磁线圈产生的磁排斥力减速回地球表面。 推进系统的大部分轨道能量通过磁减速推进线圈和用于发射另一有效载荷的励磁线圈之间的感应耦合而再转换回电能。

公开(公告)号：US4754601A

公开(公告)日：1988-07-05

申请号：US683039

申请日：1984-12-18

申请人： Michael A. Minovitch

发明人： Michael A. Minovitch

IPC分类号： B64G1/40 ,  F02K9/42

CPC分类号： F03H1/0012 ,  B64G1/402 ,  B64G1/405 ,  B64G1/409

摘要： A propulsion system for reusable space-based vehicles is presented wherein the propulsive working fluid is atmospheric gas. Acceleration or deceleration propulsion is obtained by expelling or ingesting atmospheric gas respectively. Consequently, propulsive working fluid expelled during accelerating forward propulsive maneuvers is automatically replenished during decelerating retro propulsive maneuvers. The refueling retro thrust is generated by a large diameter hypervelocity has inlet diffuser mounted at the front of the vehicle which scoops up atmospheric gas while traversing through the tenuous upper regions of a planet's atmosphere. The vehicle thereby transfers a portion of its momentum to the collected gas which was initially at rest in the atmosphere. This transfer of momentum generates a decelerating retro thrust by a reverse application of the theory of classical rocket propulsion. The collected gas is condensed, stored on-board the vehicle, and utilized as propulsive working fluid for generating forward propulsive accelerating thrust by expelling the gas at high velocity. The vehicle could operate either as a self-refueling interorbital transfer vehicle or as an interplanetary transfer vehicle moving from planet to planet utilizing each planetary atmosphere as propulsive working fluid.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于可重复使用的基于空间的车辆的推进系统，其中推进工作流体是大气气体。 通过分别排出或摄取大气气体来获得加速或减速推进。 因此，在加速向前推进动作期间排出的推进工作液体在减速复古推进机动过程中自动补充。 加油复古推力是通过大直径超高速度产生的，入口扩散器安装在车辆的前方，在穿过行星大气层的脆弱的上部区域时，汲取大气气体。 因此，车辆将其动量的一部分转移到最初在大气中静止的收集气体。 这种动力传递通过反向应用经典火箭推进理论产生减速复古推力。 收集的气体被冷凝，存储在车辆上，并用作推进工作流体，以通过高速排出气体产生向前推进加速推力。 车辆可以作为自加油的眶内转运车辆运行，或作为行星际转运车辆，使用每个行星大气作为推进工作流体，从行星运动到行星。

公开(公告)号：US4730797A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-15

申请号：US764713

申请日：1985-08-12

申请人： Michael A. Minovitch

发明人： Michael A. Minovitch

IPC分类号： B64G99/00 ,  B64G1/12

CPC分类号： B64G9/00

摘要： An economical method for constructing large continuous-walled structures in orbit is presented. In this method a lightweight, non-elastic, topologically closed inflatable surface with thin flexible walls is transported to orbit where it is inflated to form a semi-rigid surface. This inflated surface is then used as a guide for constructing the hull of the structure by wrapping the surface with long sheets of high strength material until the desired wall thickness and rigidity is obtained. The wrapping process is accomplished automatically by a wrapping machine. Since the inflatable surface can be packaged into a small volume, and since the sheets of wrapping material can be rolled into spools with very high packing density, it is possible to construct large continuous-walled pressurized structures in orbit using robotics with relatively few Shuttle flights. The method is used to construct a large permanently manned orbiting space station that provides an artificial gravity environment for the living quarters and connecting variable gravity environments for research and materials processing. The basic structural design of the space station consists of a rotating torus with three connecting spoke cylinders and two Earth-fixed column cylinders extending along the rotation axis mounted on each side of the torus' hub.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种在轨道上构造大型连续墙结构的经济方法。 在这种方法中，具有薄的柔性壁的轻质，非弹性，拓扑闭合的可充气表面被运输到轨道，在那里它被充气以形成半刚性表面。 然后将该充气表面用作构造结构体的引导件，通过用长的高强度材料包裹表面直到获得所需的壁厚和刚性。 包装过程由包装机自动完成。 由于可膨胀表面可以被包装成小体积，并且由于包装材料片材可以以非常高的包装密度卷成卷轴，所以可以使用机器人在轨道上构造大的连续壁加压结构，具有相对较少的班车航班 。 该方法用于建造一个大型永久载人轨道空间站，为生活区提供人造重力环境，并连接可变重力环境进行研究和材料加工。 空间站的基本结构设计包括具有三个连接辐条圆柱体的旋转环面和沿着安装在环面的两侧的旋转轴线延伸的两个固定柱体。

公开(公告)号：US4624109A

公开(公告)日：1986-11-25

申请号：US522847

申请日：1983-08-12

申请人： Michael A. Minovitch

发明人： Michael A. Minovitch

IPC分类号： F01K25/10 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F03G7/00 ,  F03G7/04 ,  F01K17/00

CPC分类号： F03G7/00 ,  F01K25/10 ,  F03G7/04 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： A thermodynamic method and engine is provided for extracting natural thermal energy from ambient atmospheric air and converting it into mechanical work. The extraction process is accomplished by isentropically expanding ordinary air at atmospheric pressure into a thermally insulated vacuum chamber maintained at low pressure. By employing sufficiently high expansion ratios, a large portion of the air can be made to undergo a spontaneous phase transformation into the solid state at cryogenic temperature. This results in a substantial reduction of the specific volume of the condensed air which enables the vacuum environment of the chamber to be maintained by expending less mechanical work than that gained from the initial expansion. Thus, the net amount of mechanical work generated therefrom is positive. Substantial additional mechanical work is generated by harnessing the thermal potential difference between the low temperature condensed air and the ambient environment via additional cryogenic engine stages.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种热力学方法和发动机，用于从周围大气中提取天然热能并将其转化为机械作业。 提取过程通过将普通空气在大气压力下等压膨胀到保持在低压下的绝热真空室中来实现。 通过使用足够高的膨胀比，可以使大部分空气在低温下经历自发相变成固态。 这导致冷凝空气的比容的显着减少，这使得能够通过减少比从初始膨胀获得的更小的机械功率来维持室的真空环境。 因此，由此产生的机械作业的净量是正的。 通过额外的低温发动机级利用低温冷凝空气和周围环境之间的热势差产生大量附加的机械作用。

公开(公告)号：US4078747A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-14

申请号：US582699

申请日：1975-06-02

申请人： Michael A. Minovitch

发明人： Michael A. Minovitch

IPC分类号： B64G1/42 ,  B64G1/44 ,  B64G1/30

CPC分类号： B64G1/426 ,  B64G1/425 ,  B64G1/428 ,  B64G1/443 ,  Y10S136/292

摘要： The invention described herein is an orbiting solar powered, energy collecting, storage and transmitting station. Initially, a large array of solar cells collects and transforms radiant solar energy into moderate amounts of electrical current. This electrical current is fed into a large superconducting coil where it is gradually built up to very high values. The electrical energy is thereby converted and stored in the resulting magnetic field. This magnetic energy is extracted by drawing off the current at very high rates and used to energize a laser or microwave generator for wireless power transmission. Since the discharge of the superconducting coil can proceed at rates many times greater than the charging rate, the resulting beamed power can, over short time intervals, be many times greater than the rate of solar radiation falling on the solar array. Alternatively, the energy can be stored gradually in rotating flywheels for fast rate beaming.

摘要翻译： 本文描述的发明是轨道太阳能供电的能量收集，存储和发射站。 最初，大量太阳能电池收集并将辐射的太阳能转化为适量的电流。 该电流被馈送到大型超导线圈中，其逐渐建立到非常高的值。 电能被转换并存储在所得的磁场中。 通过以非常高的速率抽出电流来提取该磁能，并且用于给激光或微波发生器通电用于无线电力传输。 由于超导线圈的放电可以以比充电速率大许多倍的速度进行，因此所产生的发射功率可以在短时间间隔内比太阳辐射落在太阳能阵列上的速率大很多倍。 或者，可以将能量逐渐存储在旋转飞轮中以实现快速发射。

公开(公告)号：US5447314A

公开(公告)日：1995-09-05

申请号：US172726

申请日：1993-12-27

申请人： Tsuyoshi Yamazaki ,  Michael A. Minovitch

发明人： Tsuyoshi Yamazaki ,  Michael A. Minovitch

IPC分类号： A63B43/00

CPC分类号： A63B43/00 ,  A63B24/0021 ,  A63B2024/0053 ,  A63B2071/0625 ,  A63B2102/32

摘要： A sound emitting golf ball is provided for locating a golf ball after it is struct by a golf club. The system comprises a miniaturized electronic, battery powered piezoelectric sound generator surrounded by a shock absorber that is embedded inside a golf ball. The sound generating system is constructed with very small, inexpensive shock resistant components and embedded at the center of the golf ball inside the shock absorber. The system can be designed to operate in the audible or ultrasonic range.

摘要翻译： 提供一种发声高尔夫球，用于在由高尔夫球杆构造之后定位高尔夫球。 该系统包括由嵌入在高尔夫球内的减震器包围的小型化电子，电池供电的压电声音发生器。 声音发生系统由非常小型，便宜的抗冲击元件构成，并且嵌入在减震器内的高尔夫球的中心。 该系统可以设计为在声音或超声波范围内操作。

公开(公告)号：US5072342A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-10

申请号：US480859

申请日：1990-02-16

申请人： Michael A. Minovitch

发明人： Michael A. Minovitch

IPC分类号： F41B15/00 ,  H05B39/09

CPC分类号： F41H13/0087 ,  F41B15/00 ,  H05B39/09

摘要： A hand-held pulsed-light generator is presented for temporarily blinding and assailant at a distance. The light generator comprises a high energy storage capacitor, charged by high voltage power supply, and a high intensity flashtube. A high current electronic switch discharges the capacitor through the flashtube thereby generating an intense flash of light. The flash is focused by a reflector to form a concentrated beam pulse which is aimed at an assailant's head. The intensity of the pulsed-light beam striking the eyes is sufficiently strong to cause temporary blindness, thereby rendering the assailant immobile. By using a discharge capacitor with very high energy storage, and an ultra high intensity flashtube, and a focusing reflector for concentrating the light, it is possible to project a light flash that is several orders of magnitude brighter than the sun. As soon as the capacitor is discharged by generating one light flash, it is automatically recharged a few seconds later for projecting another flash. Rapid fire of several flashes with time intervals of a small fraction of a second is obtained by utilizing a plurality of capacitors, and discharging them serially through the flashtube.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种手持式脉冲光发生器，用于远程暂时窒息和凶猛。 光发生器包括由高压电源充电的高储能电容器和高强度闪光管。 大电流电子开关通过闪光管放电电容器，从而产生强烈的闪光。 闪光灯由反射器聚焦以形成针对凶手头部的集中束脉冲。 冲击眼睛的脉冲光束的强度足够强，导致暂时失明，从而使凶手不动。 通过使用具有非常高能量存储的放电电容器和超高强度闪光管以及用于聚焦光的聚焦反射器，可以投射比太阳亮几个数量级的闪光灯。 一旦电容器放电就产生一个闪光灯，几秒钟后就会自动重新充电以投射另一个闪光灯。 通过利用多个电容器获得几秒钟的时间间隔的几次闪光的快速点火，并通过闪光管串联放电。