Method and apparatus for surface treatment of materials
    1.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for surface treatment of materials 失效
    表面处理材料的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US06245294B1

    公开(公告)日:2001-06-12

    申请号:US09213804

    申请日:1998-12-17

    IPC分类号: A61L208

    摘要: The killing of microorganisms on the surface of porous and non-porous materials including agricultural commodities is accomplished by use of methods and apparatus which expose the material to controlled applications of a biocidal treatment gas into a sub-atmospheric environment. The material is first exposed to a vacuum then, without an intervening flush step, full treated with an air-free treatment gas prior to being re-exposed to a vacuum. The method and apparatus successfully kill microorganisms both on the surface and within the pores or structural recesses of the material without causing significant deleterious changes to the material.

    摘要翻译: 在包括农产品的多孔和无孔材料的表面上杀死微生物是通过使用将材料暴露于受控制的杀生物处理气体进入亚大气环境的方法和装置来实现的。 首先将该材料暴露于真空中,然后在没有中间冲洗步骤的情况下,在再暴露于真空之前用无空气处理气体充分处理。 该方法和装置在材料的表面和孔或结构凹槽内成功杀死微生物,而不会对材料造成显着的有害变化。

    Continuous process for the production of lactulose from lactose using
boric acid as a complexsation agent
    4.
    发明授权
    Continuous process for the production of lactulose from lactose using boric acid as a complexsation agent 失效
    使用硼酸作为络合剂从乳糖生产乳果糖的连续方法

    公开(公告)号:US5895814A

    公开(公告)日:1999-04-20

    申请号:US510065

    申请日:1995-08-01

    IPC分类号: C07H3/04 C07H1/00

    CPC分类号: C07H3/04

    摘要: A method is described for the preparation of lactulose by isomerizing lactose to lactulose, followed by complexing lactulose to boric acid. The isomerization reaction is carried out in alkaline solution, and it is followed by splitting the lactulose-borate complex in acidic solution and separating the two components. Separation is achieved by crystallizing boric acid, filtering the crystals out of the product mixture, evaporating the product mixture to form a concentrate, recirculating the concentrate to the crystallization step where it is mixed with fresh reaction mixture in order to provide volume and nuclei for the crystallization of the boric acid in the reaction mixture, then passing the resulting mixture through another filtration step followed by an additional separation step by column chromatography.

    摘要翻译: 描述了通过将乳糖异构化为乳果糖来制备乳果糖的方法,然后将乳果糖络合至硼酸。 异构化反应在碱性溶液中进行,然后在乳酸溶液中分离乳果糖 - 硼酸盐络合物并分离两种组分。 通过结晶硼酸,将产物混合物中的晶体过滤,蒸发产物混合物以形成浓缩物,将浓缩物再循环到结晶步骤,在其中与新鲜的反应混合物混合以提供体积和核 在反应混合物中结晶硼酸,然后将所得混合物通过另一过滤步骤,然后通过柱色谱法进行另外的分离步骤。

    Process and apparatus for extrusion utilizing force measurement means
    5.
    发明授权
    Process and apparatus for extrusion utilizing force measurement means 失效
    使用力测量装置的挤出方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US4900568A

    公开(公告)日:1990-02-13

    申请号:US240304

    申请日:1988-09-06

    摘要: Disclosed are processes and apparatus utilizing, choke means at least partially providing restriction to passage of material and measurement of magnitude of force(s) exterted on said choke means by passage of material, to provide: (1) an indication of characteristics of the material, and/or; (2) control of said passage of material and/or control or processes or apparatus associated with said passage of material in response to the magnitude of the measured force(s).

    摘要翻译: 公开了使用扼流装置的方法和装置,其至少部分地提供材料通过的限制和通过材料通过所述扼流装置排出的力的大小的测量,以提供:(1)材料特性的指示 ,和/或; (2)响应于所测量的力的大小,控制与材料的所述通过相关联的材料和/或控制或过程或设备的通过。