Abstract:
A process for producing a borate-containing, low-alkali material is provided. The process includes induction-heating a boron-containing melting material directly in an appliance using an alternating electromagnetic field. The, melting material as a constituent includes at least one metal oxide, the metal ions of which have a valency of at least two, in a quantitative proportion of at least 25 mol %, and in which the ratio of the molar substance quantities of silicon dioxide to borate in the melting material is less than or equal to 0.5.
Abstract:
The invention relates to lead-free optical glasses having a refractive index nd of from 1.52 to 1.58, an Abbe number vd of from 50 to 57 and a negative partial dispersion &Dgr;Pg,F of 15-25; B2O3 45-55; Al2O3 8-13; CaO 2-8; ZnO 0-5; with CaO+ZnO 2-10; Li2O 0-4; Na2O 0-4; K2O 0-4; with Li2O+Na2O+K2O 3-8; La2O3 0-14; Nb2O5 0-4.8; Ta2O5>10-17; with Ta2O5+Nb2O5>10-17; SnO2 0-2; ZrO2 0-7; with Ta2O5+ZrO2>10-
Abstract:
In order to provide glass ceramic articles with an improved surface with regard to roughness, the invention relates to a method for producing glass ceramic panels (40) in which a green glass panel (10) is produced by hot forming and the green glass panel (10) is subsequently ceramized to form a glass ceramic, wherein the green glass panel (10) is fire-polished on at least one surface (11, 12) before or during the ceramizing.
Abstract:
A method and device for nozzle-injection of gas into molten glass is disclosed wherein a gas stream is introduced into the molten glass in a temporally pulsed throughput such that the gas stream is interrupted between two sequential pulses, the duration of each pulse amounting to less than one second.