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公开(公告)号：US08503608B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-06
申请号：US12739206
申请日：2007-10-24
IPC分类号： A61N5/10
CPC分类号： A61N5/103 , A61N5/1036 , A61N5/1042
摘要： Apparatus comprising a radiation source which can rotate in an arc around the radiation beam axis, a multi-leaf collimator (MLC), and a controller for the source dose/time rate, the source rotation speed, and the MLC position. The controller calculates the time required for (i) an MLC leaf movement from start to end of an arc-segment at a maximum leaf speed, (ii) rotation of the source from start to end of the arc-segment at a maximum speed, and (iii) delivery of the dose at a maximum dose rate per time, selects the longest of (i), (ii) and (iii), and operates the selected one at its maximum and the others at a reduced rate matching that longest time, the time required for (i) and/or (ii) being the greater of the time to complete the segment at a continuous speed and the time to accelerate the item to that speed.
摘要翻译： 装置包括可围绕辐射束轴旋转的辐射源，多叶准直器（MLC）和用于源剂量/时间速率，源旋转速度和MLC位置的控制器。 控制器计算（i）以最大叶速度从弧段的开始到结束的MLC叶移动所需的时间，（ii）以最大速度从弧段的开始到结束的旋转， 和（iii）以每次最大剂量率递送剂量，选择（i），（ii）和（iii）中最长的剂量，并且以最大的速度操作所选择的剂量，而以与最长剂量率相匹配的降低的速率 时间，（i）和/或（ii）所需的时间是以连续速度完成分段的时间越长，以及将项目加速到该速度的时间。
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公开(公告)号：US20090213991A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-27
申请号：US12297891
申请日：2006-04-27
申请人： Kevin Brown , Ralph Streamer , Paul Boxall , Duncan Bourne
发明人： Kevin Brown , Ralph Streamer , Paul Boxall , Duncan Bourne
CPC分类号： A61N5/103 , A61N5/1036 , A61N5/1042 , A61N5/1047
摘要： A radiotherapeutic apparatus comprises a source able to emit a beam of therapeutic radiation along a beam axis, a multi-leaf collimator arranged to collimate the beam to a desired shape, wherein the source is rotateable about a rotation axis that is substantially orthogonal and intersects with the beam axis thereby to describe an arc around that axis, and further comprises a control means able to control the dose/time rate of the source, the rotation speed of the source, and the multi-leaf collimator position. The control means is arranged to receive a treatment plan in which the arc is divided into a plurality of notional arc-segments, and specifying the total dose for the arc-segment and a start and end MLC position. It then controls the source in accordance with that plan over an first arc-segment such that at least one of the rotation speed and dose rate are constant and the multi-leaf collimator changes shape, and a second arc segment such that at least one of the rotation speed and dose rate are constant at a level different to the constant level adopted during the first arc-segment. It achieves this by calculating the total time required for the arc segment for a plurality of factors including an MLC leaf movement from a prescribed position at the start of the arc-segment to a prescribed position at the end of the arc-segment, at a maximum leaf speed, rotation of the source from the start to the end of the arc-segment at a maximum source rotation speed, delivery of the dose at a maximum dose rate per time, selecting the factor dictating the longest time, and controlling the apparatus so that the selected factor operates at its respective maximum and the remaining factors are operated at a reduced rate selected to match that longest time.
摘要翻译： 放射治疗装置包括能够沿着光束轴发射治疗辐射束的源，多叶准直器，其布置成将光束准直到期望的形状，其中源可绕旋转轴线旋转，旋转轴线基本正交并与 光束轴由此描述围绕该轴的弧，并且还包括能够控制源的剂量/时间速率，源的旋转速度和多叶准直器位置的控制装置。 控制装置被设置成接收处理计划，其中弧被分成多个概念弧段，并且指定弧段的总剂量以及开始和结束MLC位置。 然后，它根据该计划在第一弧段上控制源，使得旋转速度和剂量率中的至少一个恒定，并且多叶准直器改变形状;以及第二弧段，使得至少一个 旋转速度和剂量率恒定在与第一弧段期间采用的恒定水平不同的水平。 它通过计算多个因素所需的总弧时间来实现，其包括从弧段开始处的规定位置到弧段末端处的规定位置的MLC叶移动， 最大叶片速度，源以最大源旋转速度从弧段的开始到结束的旋转，以每时间最大剂量率递送剂量，选择规定最长时间的因子，以及控制装置 使得所选择的因子在其各自的最大值下操作，并且剩余因子以选择以匹配最长时间的降低的速率操作。
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公开(公告)号：US07961843B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-14
申请号：US12297891
申请日：2006-04-27
申请人： Kevin Brown , Ralph Streamer , Paul Boxall , Duncan Bourne
发明人： Kevin Brown , Ralph Streamer , Paul Boxall , Duncan Bourne
IPC分类号： A61N5/10
CPC分类号： A61N5/103 , A61N5/1036 , A61N5/1042 , A61N5/1047
摘要： A radiotherapeutic apparatus comprises a source able to emit a beam of therapeutic radiation along a beam axis, a multi-leaf collimator arranged to collimate the beam to a desired shape, wherein the source is rotatable about a rotation axis that is substantially orthogonal and intersects with the beam axis thereby to describe an arc around that axis, and further comprises a control means able to control the dose/time rate of the source, the rotation speed of the source, and the multi-leaf collimator position. The control means is arranged to control the source in accordance with a treatment plan over first and second arc-segments such that at least the multi-leaf collimator changes shape at a different rate per degree in the second arc-segment as to the first arc-segment.
摘要翻译： 放射治疗装置包括能够沿着光束轴发射治疗辐射束的源，多叶准直器，被布置成将光束准直到期望的形状，其中源可绕旋转轴线旋转，该旋转轴线基本正交并与 光束轴由此描述围绕该轴的弧，并且还包括能够控制源的剂量/时间速率，源的旋转速度和多叶准直器位置的控制装置。 控制装置被布置成根据第一和第二弧段上的处理计划来控制源，使得至少多叶准直器以与第一弧段相对应的第二弧段中的每度不同的速率改变形状 -分割。
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公开(公告)号：US07672428B1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-02
申请号：US11435927
申请日：2006-05-17
申请人： Kevin John Brown , Paul Boxall
发明人： Kevin John Brown , Paul Boxall
CPC分类号： A61N5/1048
摘要： Recent advances in treatment planning and in the apparatus able to deliver such plans has called for the dose rate, i.e. the instantaneous power output of the radiation source, to be varied with time. This presents a difficulty in that the checking systems must monitor a varying power level against a varying valid range. We therefore monitor, instead, the energy of the individual pulses that form the beam. Known checking systems average out many pulses to determine the recent average power output by checking an ionization chamber every 100 ms or so. By reducing that time to less than a few milliseconds, a single pulse can be captured. The usual manner of varying the output of a radiation source of this type is to vary the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and therefore the measured power output will remain constant notwithstanding changes to the time-averaged power output, and can be compared to a standard.
摘要翻译： 治疗计划和能够提供这种计划的装置的最新进展已经要求剂量率，即辐射源的瞬时功率输出随时间变化。 这提出了一个困难，即检查系统必须根据变化的有效范围来监视不同的功率电平。 因此，我们监测形成光束的单个脉冲的能量。 已知的检查系统平均出现许多脉冲以通过每100ms左右检查电离室来确定最近的平均功率输出。 通过将该时间减少到少于几毫秒，可以捕获单个脉冲。 改变这种类型的辐射源的输出的通常方式是改变脉冲重复频率（PRF），因此尽管时间平均功率输出有变化，测量的功率输出将保持恒定，并且可以与标准 。
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公开(公告)号：US20100329422A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-30
申请号：US12739206
申请日：2007-10-24
IPC分类号： A61N5/10
CPC分类号： A61N5/103 , A61N5/1036 , A61N5/1042
摘要： A radiotherapeutic apparatus comprises a source able to emit a beam of therapeutic radiation along a beam axis, a multi-leaf collimator arranged to collimate the beam to a desired shape, wherein the source is rotateable about a rotation axis that is substantially orthogonal and intersects with the beam axis thereby to describe an arc around that axis, and further comprises a control means able to control the dose/time rate of the source, the rotation speed of the source, and the multi-leaf collimator position. The control means is arranged to receive a treatment plan in which the arc is divided into a plurality of notional arc-segments, and specifying the total dose for the arc-segment and a Start and end MLC position. It then controls the source in accordance with that plan over an first arc-segment such that at least one of the rotation speed and dose rate are constant and the multi-leaf collimator changes shape, and a second arc segment such that at least one of the rotation speed and dose rate are constant at a level different to the constant level adopted during the first arc-segment. It achieves this by calculating the total time required for the arc segment for a plurality of factors including an MLC leaf movement from a prescribed position at the start of the arc-segment to a prescribed position at the end of the arc-segment, at a maximum leaf speed, rotation of the source from the start to the end of the arc-segment at a maximum source rotation speed, delivery of the dose at a maximum dose rate per time, selecting the factor dictating the longest time, and Controlling the apparatus so that the selected factor operates at its respective maximum and the remaining factors are operated at a reduced rate selected to match that longest time, wherein the total time required for the arc segment for at least one factor relating to a moving geometry item is the greater of (a); a time required to complete the segment at a continuous defined upper speed for the geometry item and (b) a time required to accelerate the geometry item until it is travelling at the defined upper speed. Generally, the time required to accelerate the geometry item to the defined upper speed will include a time to accelerate the geometry item to that speed, and a further time to accelerate the geometry item beyond that speed and subsequently decelerate it until travelling at that speed.
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公开(公告)号：US20090121155A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-14
申请号：US11937764
申请日：2007-11-09
IPC分类号： A61N5/00
CPC分类号： A61N5/1042 , A61N5/1048
摘要： A geometry item (such as a gantry arm or an MLC leaf) of a radiotherapeutic apparatus needs to be moved in an accurate manner. The effect of inertia introduces a potential inaccuracy. A radiotherapeutic apparatus is therefore disclosed, comprising a geometry item, a radiation source capable of emitting a beam of therapeutic radiation, and a control unit, the geometry item being moveable to adjust the geometry of the beam, the radiation source having a variable dose rate, and the control unit being arranged to cause variations in the speed of movement of the geometry item and to adjust the dose rate of the radiation source for a period of time after a change in the speed of the geometry item.
摘要翻译： 需要以准确的方式移动放射治疗装置的几何物体（例如龙门架或MLC叶）。 惯性的影响引起了潜在的不准确性。 因此，公开了一种放射治疗装置，其包括几何物体，能够发射治疗辐射束的辐射源和控制单元，所述几何物体可移动以调节所述束的几何形状，所述辐射源具有可变剂量率 并且所述控制单元被布置成引起所述几何物体的移动速度的变化并且在所述几何物体的速度改变之后的一段时间内调整所述辐射源的剂量率。
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公开(公告)号：US20090110150A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-30
申请号：US11925339
申请日：2007-10-26
申请人： Kevin Brown , Paul Boxall
发明人： Kevin Brown , Paul Boxall
IPC分类号： H05G1/54
CPC分类号： A61N5/1049
摘要： The detected positioning error in a geometry item of a radiotherapy apparatus is generally passed to a transfer function for the system, which outputs a signal that dictates the radiation output. If the detected error is within certain limits then the radiation is permitted whereas outside those limits it is not permitted; this corresponds to a transfer function that is a simple two step function. We propose a transfer function having a result that is (a) substantially zero outside a preset error tolerance, (b) has a maximum result at a point within that tolerance, and (c) has a result that is between zero and that maximum over a range of error values that lie between (i) the error value corresponding to the maximum output and (ii) the preset error tolerance. This means that if an error grows towards (but does not exceed) the error tolerance, the output of the radiation source will reduce and allow time for the geometry item to correct its position.
摘要翻译： 放射治疗装置的几何物体中检测到的定位误差通常被传递给系统的传递函数，该系统输出指示辐射输出的信号。 如果检测到的误差在一定范围内，则允许辐射，而不允许辐射; 这对应于一个简单的两步函数的传递函数。 我们提出一种传递函数，其结果是（a）在预设误差公差之外基本上为零，（b）在该容差内的点处具有最大结果，以及（c）具有在零和最大值之间的结果 误差值范围在（i）对应于最大输出的误差值和（ii）预设误差容差之间。 这意味着如果误差朝向（但不超过）误差容限增长，则辐射源的输出将减少，并允许几何项的时间来校正其位置。
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公开(公告)号：US07570740B2
公开(公告)日：2009-08-04
申请号：US11925339
申请日：2007-10-26
申请人： Kevin Brown , Paul Boxall
发明人： Kevin Brown , Paul Boxall
IPC分类号： H05G1/38
CPC分类号： A61N5/1049
摘要： The detected positioning error in a geometry item of a radiotherapy apparatus is generally passed to a transfer function for the system, which outputs a signal that dictates the radiation output. If the detected error is within certain limits then the radiation is permitted whereas outside those limits it is not permitted; this corresponds to a transfer function that is a simple two step function. We propose a transfer function having a result that is (a) substantially zero outside a preset error tolerance, (b) has a maximum result at a point within that tolerance, and (c) has a result that is between zero and that maximum over a range of error values that lie between (i) the error value corresponding to the maximum output and (ii) the preset error tolerance. This means that if an error grows towards (but does not exceed) the error tolerance, the output of the radiation source will reduce and allow time for the geometry item to correct its position.
摘要翻译： 放射治疗装置的几何物体中检测到的定位误差通常被传递给系统的传递函数，该系统输出指示辐射输出的信号。 如果检测到的误差在一定范围内，则允许辐射，而不允许辐射; 这对应于一个简单的两步函数的传递函数。 我们提出一种传递函数，其结果是（a）在预设误差公差之外基本上为零，（b）在该容差内的点处具有最大结果，以及（c）具有在零和最大值之间的结果 误差值范围在（i）对应于最大输出的误差值和（ii）预设误差容差之间。 这意味着如果误差朝向（但不超过）误差容限增长，则辐射源的输出将减少，并允许几何项的时间来校正其位置。
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